07(选必1)UNIT1RELATIONSHIPSSectionⅠTOPICTALK&LESSON（导学案4）

skybamboo · 发表于 9 小时前

UNIT 1 RELATIONSHIPS

1．Mutual forgiveness of each vice，such are the gates of Paradise.
—William Black
相互宽容对方的缺点，乃是通向天堂之门。       ——威廉·布莱克
2．A friend is，as it were，a second self.       —Cicero
可以说朋友是另一个自我。             ——西塞罗
3．Betraying a trust is a very quick and painful way to terminate a friendship.
—Ralph Waldo Emerson
背信弃义会迅速而痛苦地断送友谊。
——拉尔夫·沃尔多·爱默生
4．He that will not allow his friend to share the prize must not expect him to share the danger.             —Aesop
不肯让朋友共享果实的人，不要指望朋友与他共患难。
——伊索
5．Beginning today，treat everyone you meet as if they were going to be dead by midnight.Extend them all the care，kindness and understanding you can muster.Your life will never be the same again.
—Og Mandino
从今天开始，对待每个人就好像他们在今天午夜之前就将离开人世。把你所有的关爱、善良和理解都赋予他们。你的生活从此将会不一样。
            ——奥格·曼狄诺

The second goal that we all have in common is to enjoy excellent relationships—intimate，personal or social—with the people we like and respect，and who like，love and respect us in turn.Fully 85% of your happiness will be determined by the quality of your relationships at each stage，and in each area，of your life.How well we get along with people，and how much they like，love and respect you，have more impact on the quality of your life than perhaps any other factor.

Sure，it's good to get along with your teacher because it makes the time you spend in the classroom more pleasant.
And yes，it's good to get along with your teacher because，in general，it's smart to learn how to relate to the different types of people you'll meet throughout your life.
In fact，kids who get along with their teachers not only learn more，but they're more comfortable asking questions and getting extra help.This makes it easier to understand new material and do your best on tests.
As a kid in a primary or middle school，you're at a wonderful stage in your life.You're like a sponge(海绵)，able to soak up lots of new and exciting information.On top of that，you're able to think about all this information in new ways.Some kids may be able to learn in any situation，whether they like the teacher or not.But most kids are sensitive to the way they get along with the teacher，and if things aren't going well，they won't learn as well and won't enjoy being in class.
[探究发现]
1．What are the benefits if kids get along well with their teachers?
They can learn more and ask questions and get extra help more comfortably.
2．Why does the writer compare a kid to a sponge?
Because a kid can soak up lots of new and exciting information.
3．What does the passage talk about?
The importance of a good relationship with teachers.
Section Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1

Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
(　　)1.trait　       A．n.侄女，外甥女
(　　)2.niece          B．n.特性，品质
(　　)3.nephew          C．adj.having or showing strong feelings
      of enthusiasm for sth.or belief in sth.
(　　)4.passionate          D．adj.中等教育；中级的；次要的
(　　)5.secondary          E．n.侄子，外甥
(　　)6.flu          F．adj.concerned with emotions and feelings
(　　)7.emotional          G．n.流行性感冒，流感
(　　)8.angle          H．n.氢
(　　)9.hydrogen          I．n.教育(学)家
(　　)10.educationalist          J．n.the space between two lines or
      surfaces that join，measured in degrees
[答案]　1—5　BAECD　6—10　GFJHI
B．短语匹配
(　　)1.for the first time       A．一双，一对
(　　)2.pour into       B．过去经常，曾经
(　　)3.a couple of          C．初次；第一次
(　　)4.used to       D．投入(倒)……于某物
[答案]　1—4　CDAB
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．humour n．　       幽默感
2．outgoing adj.          外向的，好交际的
3．host vt.          主办；做……的东道主
n.       主人；主持人
4．incredible adj.          难以置信的；极好的
5．occasionally adv.          偶尔；偶然
6．grateful adj.          感激的，感谢的
7．practical adj.          实际的；实践的；切实可行的
8．pour vt.          灌，注，倒
9．lack vt.          缺乏
10．access n.          进入；接触的机会
11．worthwhile adj.          值得做的；重要的；有益的

Ⅰ.语境填词
lack；angle；access；humour；drags；hosted；worthwhile；outgoing；poured；grateful
1．He was a man of few words with a delightful dry sense of humour．
2．Zhong Nanshan made a trip to Wuhan last year and it was worthwhile．
3．You need a password to get access to the computer system.
4．He drags his leg，and he can hardly lift his arm.
5．These people lack all understanding of scientific principles.
6．He went and poured a brandy for Dena and brought it to her.
7．I am extremely grateful to all the teachers for their help.
8．We attended a dinner party hosted by the president of the company.
9．I am an outgoing person and I love to make friends with other people.
10．The boat is now leaning at a 30 degree angle．
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．The British teacher is very humorous(humour) and always tells us jokes.
2．I admire a person who is honest，creative and passionate(passion)．
3．He used his incredible(credible) sense of humour to lift my spirits.
4．I like playing football best，but occasionally(occasional) I play table tennis，too.
5．They often seem depressed and close to emotional(emotion) breakdown.
6．My husband is extremely(extreme) longsighted while I am very shortsighted.
7．There are some obvious practical(practice) applications of the research.
8．His behaviour(behave) towards her was becoming more and more aggressive.
9．The remote desert area is accessible(access) only by helicopter.
10．I always ask how much time I have to make my presentation(present)．

1．I had no idea what hydrogen was，and I didn't really want to know，either!
我不知道氢是什么，我也不想知道！
2．I know that I wasn't a willing student，but I wasn't slow to learn new things.
我知道我不是一个主动学习的学生，但我在学习新事物方面并不迟钝。
3．Once I caught him and his friends seeing who could jump the farthest off the school stage!
有一次我撞见他和几个朋友比赛，看谁能从学校的舞台上跳得最远。
4．The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored，but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion，he gave me his full attention.
他第一天走进我的教室时，拖着书包，看起来很无聊。但当我用酸和洋葱做了一个实验来演示人类胃的工作原理时，他全神贯注地听我讲课。
5．If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult，then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.
如果我作为一名教师所做的能够帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成为一个成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的是值得的。

词语助读
①think about回想起，记起
②be good at擅长
③the angles of a triangle三角形的内角
④add up to总共是
⑤become interested in对……感兴趣
⑥for the first time第一次
⑦(be) full of充满
⑧have no idea不知道
⑨hydrogen n．氢
⑩so boring如此无聊
⑪make everything
interesting让一切都变得有趣
⑫used to过去经常，曾经
⑬with lots of practical examples用大量的实例
⑭in simple language用简单的语言
⑮build a rocket制造一个火箭
⑯pour some fuel into往……倒一些燃料
⑰light a match划火柴
⑱set off点燃；燃放
⑲a willing student主动学习的学生
⑳lack confidence in
oneself缺乏自信
minds走进孩子们的心灵
原文呈现
TEACHERS
My Teacher
I haven't seen Mr Jenkins since I left school，but I often think about① him.(1)I wasn't very good at② most school subjects before I met Mr Jenkins.I suppose I was a bit lazy，especially in maths.The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle③add up to④ 180 degrees！(2) But when I was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class(3)，I really became interested in⑤ a subject for the first time⑥.
(1)but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中since I left school为时间状语从句。
(2) 句中I...school maths为定语从句，修饰先行词thing，系动词is后的that...180 degrees为表语从句。
(3)when引导时间状语从句。
Before Mr Jenkins taught me，science had simply been a subject full of⑦ strange words to me.I had no idea⑧ what hydrogen⑨ was，and I didn't really want to know，either！(4)I found it all so boring⑩ and difficult.But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting⑪.He used to⑫ explain things which seemed difficult(5)with lots of practical examples⑬ and in simple language⑭.One day，he took us outside，and we built a rocket⑮！ I remember that he let me pour some fuel into⑯ the rocket(6)，and then another student lit a match⑰ to set it off⑱.It was great fun.
(4)and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，第一个分句中what hydrogen was为同位语从句。
(5)which引导定语从句，修饰先行词things。
(6)that引导宾语从句。
(7)that引导宾语从句。
(8) that引导表语从句。
(9) that引导宾语从句。
(10)and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，第一个分句中I...audience为定语从句，先行词为the first time。
(11)when引导时间状语从句，how...done it为宾语从句。
(12)if only用于虚拟语句，表达强烈的遗憾或与真实条件不符的愿望。
My Student
(13)before引导时间状语从句。
(14)seeing在句中作动词caught的宾语补足语。
(15)who引导宾语从句。
(16)when引导时间状语从句。
(17)but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中The first day引导时间状语从句，第二个分句中as soon as也引导时间状语从句。
(18)as...as引导同级比较句。
(19)省略that的宾语从句，其中that...bad student也是一个宾语从句。
(20)and连接表示顺承关系的并列句，第二个分句中it为形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to find out...，其中what that is for each student为宾语从句。
(21)that引导宾语从句。
(22)but连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中I knew后是省略了that的宾语从句，第二个分句中what I do也是一个宾语从句。
(23)that引导表语从句，when...to learn为时间状语从句。
(24)if引导条件状语从句，其中what I do as a teacher为主语从句，what I'm doing is worthwhile为宾语从句，其中what I'm doing为主语从句。
译文参考
老师
我的老师
自从我离开学校后就没见过詹金斯先生，但我经常想起他。在遇到詹金斯先生之前学校的大多数科目我都不太擅长。我想那时候我有点懒惰，尤其是在数学方面。我唯一还记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度。但当我15岁上詹金斯先生的课时，我第一次真正对一门学科产生了兴趣。
在詹金斯先生教我之前，对我来说，科学只是一个充满陌生词汇的学科。我不知道氢是什么，我也不想知道！我觉得这一切都是如此无聊和困难。但詹金斯先生让一切都变得有趣起来。他过去经常用大量的实例和简单的语言来解释那些似乎很难的东西。有一天，他带我们出去，制造了一个火箭！我记得他让我把一些燃料倒进火箭，然后另一位同学划着火柴点火，将火箭发射出去。这非常有趣。
我知道我不是一个主动学习的学生，但我在学习新事物方面并不迟钝。问题是我缺乏自信。詹金斯先生让我觉得我有自己的优势。我对研究恒星和行星很感兴趣，他让我给全班同学做了一个报告。那真的是我第一次尝试向观众解释科学，现在这是我的工作！当我准备一个节目时，我常常会想詹金斯先生会怎么做。有时我想，要是能打电话征求他的意见该多好！
我的学生
我读过几本格雷厄姆的书，还在电视上见过他。我总是对我的妻子说，“哦，看，我以前教过他！”我记得格雷厄姆来上我的课之前非常难对付。我听说过他的不良行为。有一次我撞见他和几个朋友比赛，看谁能从学校的舞台上跳得最远。但当他感兴趣时，他改变了。他第一天走进我的教室时，拖着书包，看起来很无聊。但当我用酸和洋葱做了一个实验来演示人类胃的工作原理时，他全神贯注地听我讲课。他喜欢科学！他很聪明，在科学方面成绩很好。
不过，并不是每一个学生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。我认为重要的是要明白没有好学生和坏学生之分。看看格雷厄姆！每个人都有自己擅长的领域，了解每个学生的专长是很重要的。我们老师应该有更多的时间和所有的学生交朋友，真正了解他们。然后我们可以确保为他们所有人找到了通往成功的道路，无论是在学校还是在以后的生活中。
我知道我选择了一份压力很大的工作，但我热爱我的工作。做教师意味着，你有机会在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习的时候，走进他们的心灵。如果我作为一名教师所做的能够帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成为一个成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的是值得的。正如著名的教育家约翰·杜威所说：“教育并不是为生活而做的准备，教育本身就是生活。”

速读课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断以下句子提供的信息是正确，还是错误，还是没有提及：
1．Graham wasn't very good at maths because of laziness.
A．Right. B．Wrong.    C．Not mentioned.
2．Mr Jenkins made Graham interested in science.
A．Right. B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
3．While preparing a programme，Graham often turned to Mr Jenkins for help.
A．Right. B．Wrong.    C．Not mentioned.
4．Mr Jenkins thought Graham was always a student of good behaviour at school.
A．Right. B．Wrong.    C．Not mentioned.
5．Graham had to leave school because of a lot of study stress.
A．Right. B．Wrong.    C．Not mentioned.
[答案]　1—5　AABBB
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息：
A．that you have access to children's minds
B．that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket
C．that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees
D．that we found the path to success
E．that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student
F．that I wasn't a willing student
1.The only thing I can remember from school maths is！
2．I remember，and then another student lit a match to set it off.
3．I know，but I wasn't slow to learn new things.
4．I think it's important to understand．
5．Then we could make sure，both at school and in later life，for all of them.
6．The thing about being a teacher is when they are open and eager to learn.
[答案]　1—6　CBFEDA
Ⅲ.表格填空

My teacher
Before Graham went to Mr Jenkins' class	◆Graham wasn't very good at most school subjects because he was a bit 1.lazy. ◆Graham found science so 2.boring and difficult.
How Mr Jenkins taught	◆Mr Jenkins made everything 3.interesting. ◆Mr Jenkins 4.used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.
After Graham became Mr Jenkins' student	◆Mr Jenkins made Graham feel that he had his 5.own strengths. ◆Mr Jenkins asked Graham to 6.give a presentation of the stars and planets to the class.
My student
Mr Jenkins' impression of Graham	◆Graham was full of 7.bad behaviour before coming into his class. ◆Graham was very bright and he had done very well in 8.science subjects.
Mr Jenkins' attitude to students	◆It's important to 9.understand that there's no such thing as a good or a bad student.
Mr Jenkins' beliefs in teaching	◆The teacher should 10.have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.

细读课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.主旨匹配

My teacher
段落	主旨大意
1.Para.1	A.Mr Jenkins made me confident in myself.
2.Para.2	B.I didn't do well in most school subjects.
3.Para.3	C.Mr Jenkins made science interesting.

[答案]　1—3　BCA

My student
段落	主旨大意
4.Para.1	A.Mr Jenkins' attitude to students.
5.Para.2	B.Mr Jenkins' beliefs in teaching.
6.Para.3	C.Mr Jenkins' impression of Graham.

[答案]　4—6　CAB
Ⅱ.课文理解
1．How did Graham feel about science before Mr Jenkins?
A．Interested.　　 B．Bored.
C．Easy. D．Funny.
2．What is Graham's job now?
A．To teach science in a middle school.
B．To host a science programme.
C．To give a presentation to the class.
D．To introduce his experience to an audience.
3．How did Mr Jenkins think of Graham?
A．He was slow to learn new things.
B．He didn't get along well with his classmates.
C．He was very clever in science subjects.
D．He was not a very good student.
4．What is worthwhile as a teacher according to Mr Jenkins?
A．Helping a student turn into a successful person.
B．Teaching lessons by setting up experiments.
C．Finding out what is for each student.
D．Becoming a famous educationalist.
[答案]　1—4　BBCA
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(一)——人物描述
A．阅读文中含有人物描述的语句
1．I wasn't very good at most school subjects...
2．I suppose I was a bit lazy，especially in maths.
3．I know that I wasn't a willing student，but I wasn't slow to learn new things.
4．The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.
5．I remember Graham was very difficult before he came into my class.
B．判断下列语句中哪个不是表示人物描述的？
1．He loved science!
2．He was very bright and he had done very well in science subjects.
3．Then we could make sure that we found the path to success，both at school and in later life，for all of them.
4．Education is not preparation for life；education is life itself.
[答案]　3、4

1．humour n．幽默感→humorous adj.幽默的；有幽默感的
2．passion n．激情，热情→passionate adj.热爱的，酷爱的；具有强烈信念的
3．credible adj.可信的，可靠的→incredible adj.难以置信的；极好的→incredibly adv.非常地，极端地
4．occasion n．时刻，场合→occasional adj.偶然的；特殊场合的→occasionally adv.偶尔；偶然
5．emotion n．情感，感情，激情→emotional adj.情感上的；情绪上的
6．extreme n．极端→extremely adv.极度，极其
7．practice n．实践；实施→practical adj.实际的；实践的；切实可行的→practically adv.几乎；差不多；讲究实际地
8．behave vt.&vi.举动；(举止或行为)表现→behaviour n．行为，举止
9．access n．进入；接触的机会→accessible adj.可到达的；可接近的；可进入的；可使用的；可见到的；容易理解的；易懂的
10．educate vt.教育；训练→educated adj.受过教育的；有教养的→education n．教育→educational adj.教育的→educationalist n．教育(学)家

1．host n．主人；东道主；主办国(或城市、机构)；(电视或广播的)节目主持人v．主办，主持(活动)；主持(电视或广播节目等)；作为主人组织(聚会)；做东
①Apart from my host，I didn't know a single person there.       n.主人
②Tonight she hosts a ball for 300 guests.       v.做东举办
③She also hosts a show on St Petersburg Radio.       v.主持
④Atlanta was chosen to be host of the 1996 Olympic Games.       n.东道主
2．access n．通道；通路；入径；(使用或见到的)机会，权利
①The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields.       通道
②Scientists have only recently been able to gain access to the area.
            机会；权利

Words and Phrases
(教材P104)It's good that we take some time occasionally to remember some of the positive things in life，don't you agree?
我们偶尔花点时间去回忆生活中一些积极的事情是件好事，你不同意吗？
[例]　There's no harm in your staying up late occasionally.
偶尔晚睡并无妨害。
[知识拓展]
(1)occasion n．       时候，时刻；场合；原因，理由；时机，机会
on occasion(s)          偶尔，有时
on one occasion          曾经，有一次
on this/that occasion          在这个/那个时候
on no occasion          绝不，不会
(2)occasional adj.          偶尔的，间或发生的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I only wear a tie on special occasions.
②Nobody would blame you for an occasional(occasion) slip of the tongue.
③On no occasion should you try to cheat others，for they find you dishonest，they will never believe you anymore.
你在任何场合都不要欺骗别人，因为一旦他们发现你不诚实，他们就再也不会相信你了。
[小片段填空]
He spent five years in Paris，with occasional visits to Italy.Occasionally，he would ask his friends about what he should wear on some special occasion(s)．
(教材P104) I'm extremely grateful to him.
我非常感激他。
[例]　We would be grateful for any information you could give us.
如能提供信息我们将感激不尽。
[知识拓展]
(2)I would be grateful if...　如果……，我将不胜感激
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was grateful that she didn't tell his parents about the incident.
②I will be deeply grateful to you for your kindness for the rest of my life.
③I'd be grateful if you could let me know as soon as possible.
你如果能让我尽快知道我将不胜感激。
(教材P8) He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.
他过去经常用大量的实例和简单的语言来解释那些似乎很难的东西。
[例]　My lack of practical experience is a disadvantage.
我缺少实际经验是个不利条件。
[知识拓展]
(1)a practical method　　       实用的方法；有效的方法
for (all) practical purposes       实际上
(2)practice n.          实践；实际行动；惯例；惯常做的事
v.          练习；实习；实行
practice (doing) sth.          练习(做)某事
in practice          实际上；事实上
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Listen! Someone is practicing playing(play) the piano.
②This kind of product is worthless for all practical purposes.
③I want to speak about how we apply these principles in practice．
我想要谈谈我们在实践中是如何应用这些原则的。
[小片段填空]
He put forward a practical plan at the meeting.In practice，he was in favor of the proposal that they should practice using the new machine.
(教材P8) I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket，and then another student lit a match to set it off.
我记得他让我把一些燃料倒进火箭，然后另一位同学划着火柴点火，将火箭发射出去。
[例]　He poured the water away after he finished washing the car.
他洗完车后把水倒掉了。
[知识拓展]
pour in　　　　　       涌进
pour into          投入(倒)于某物
pour out          倒出；涌出；倾诉
pour out of...          从……中涌出来
pour down          (雨)倾盆而降
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①The rays of the sun pours in through the window.
②The river pours into the sea.
③Sobbing，she poured out the whole story．
她一边哭泣，一边诉说整件事情的经过。
④He was seriously wounded.Blood poured out of the wound．
他伤得很重，伤口血流如注。
(教材P8) The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.
问题是我缺乏自信。
[例]　We must note that we still lack qualified specialists.
我们必须注意我们还缺乏有资质的专家。
[知识拓展]
(1)for lack of       缺乏……；没有……；因缺少……
(a) lack of          缺乏；不足……
(2)lack for          缺……；不充足
lacking adj.          缺少的；不足的
be lacking in          不足；不够；缺少
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/一句多译
①He did not finish his schooling for lack of money.
②They are so rich that they lack for nothing.
③A diet lacking (lack) in nutritional value will not keep a person healthy.
④The man didn't go to school when he was young because he lacked (for) money．
＝The man didn't go to school when he was young because he was lacking in money．
＝The man didn't go to school when he was young for lack of money．
＝Lacking money，the man didn't go to school when he was young.
因为没钱，这个人小时候没有上学。
[名师点津]
看“lack”缺什么？
①lack用作名词时一般用作单数或不可数名词，意为“缺乏；短缺”。后面常接介词of表示缺少的内容，构成lack of短语。
②lack用作动词时可作及物动词，意为“缺乏；没有；短缺”。后面直接接名词作宾语。也可作不及物动词，如跟宾语要加for，构成lack for sth.。
(教材P9)I've read a couple of Graham's books and seen him on TV.
我读过几本格雷厄姆的书，还在电视上见过他。
[例]　I spent a couple of days sightseeing in Guilin.
我在桂林观光了几天。
[知识拓展]
(1)in couples　       成双成对
(2)a couple of＋n.[C]          作主语时谓语动词通常用单数
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①There are birds in couples in the trees.
②There is(be) a couple of boys waiting for you.
(教材P9) Oh look，I used to teach him!
哦，看，我以前教过他！
[例]　I used to cook，but I don't have time to cook now.
我以前总做饭，但是现在没时间做了。
[知识拓展]
used to do sth.　       表示“过去经常做某事”，
      现在已经不再做了
be/get used to (doing) sth.       表示“习惯于(做)某事”，
      现在依旧在做
be used to do sth.          表示“被用于做某事”，是被动语态
[即学即练]——完成句子
①It can be used to do the same thing.
这个可以用来做相同的事情。
②Let your body get/be used to the temperature change!
让你的身体适应温度的变换！
③I used to get the mail early in the morning.
我过去经常在清晨去取邮件。
[小片段填空]
When he was young，he used to go there on foot.Now he has got used to going there by bike，though his bike is used to pick up his grandson sometimes.
(教材P9) I had heard stories about his bad behaviour.
我听说过他的不良行为。
[例]　Her husband felt ashamed at her behaviour.
她丈夫为她的行为感到害臊。
[知识拓展]
(1)good behaviour       良好的行为
bad behaviour          不良行为
(2)behave vt.& vi.          举动；(举止或行为)表现
behave well/badly to/towards sb.
          对待某人好/差
behave oneself          守规矩；表现得体
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①They behaved badly to/towards me at the party，which made me very angry.
②My mother asked me to behave myself(me) before the guests.
③His bad behaviour(behave) brought shame to the whole school.
[小片段填空]
As a manager，you should pay attention to your behaviour．You should behave yourself in your company.After all，good behaviour has a great influence on your staff.
(教材P9) The thing about being a teacher is that you have access to children's minds when they are open and eager to learn.
做教师意味着，你有机会在孩子们敞开心扉、渴望学习的时候，走进他们的心灵。
[例]　You can easily get access to her.
你很容易接近她。
[知识拓展]
(1)gain/get/have/obtain access to
　　　　　　       可以到达/使用/得到(机会，权利等)
give access to          得以接近；准许进入
(2)accessible adj.          可接近的；可进入的；可使用的
be accessible to sb.          易被某人接近/使用/进入等
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Students in our school have access to good information resources.
②Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible (access) to children.
③The access to success is to make good use of the access to education．
通向成功的方法是好好利用受教育的机会。
[名师点津]
access的本意是进入某一地点的“通道，入口”，侧重进入的手段与途径，其含义是抽象的，一般用作不可数名词。其引申义可指“接近或取得……的方法、手段、权力等”，常与介词to连用。此外，access在计算机术语中可作“访问，进网”讲。
(教材P9) If what I do as a teacher can help turn a child like Graham into such a successful adult，then I know what I'm doing is worthwhile.
如果我作为一名教师所做的能够帮助像格雷厄姆这样的孩子成为一个成功的成年人，那么我知道我所做的是值得的。
[例]　However，the evening makes it all worthwhile.
然而，夜晚让一切都值得。
[知识拓展]
“值得做某事”的句型：
(1)It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.
(2)sth.is worth doing
sth.is worthy of being done
sth.is worthy to be done
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①It isn't worthwhile quarrelling/to quarrel (quarrel) with her about such little things.
②In my opinion，the film is well worth seeing(see)．
③This suggestion is worthy to be considered/of being considered．
这个建议值得考虑。
Sentence Patterns
(教材P9)However，I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.
不过，并不是每一个学生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。
句式分析：as...as...表示“和……一样……”，表示同级比较；第一个as为副词，第二个as为连词。
[例1]　This film is as interesting as that one.
这部电影和那部电影一样有趣。
[例2]　Your pen writes as smoothly as mine.
你的钢笔书写起来和我的一样流畅。
[知识拓展]
(1)其否定式为not as/so＋adj./adv.＋as；
(2)若有修饰成分，如 twice，three times，half，a quarter等，则须置于第一个 as 之前；
(3)as...as 结构的另一种形式是“as much/many＋名词＋as＋从句”；
(4)as...as 结构的另一变体形式是“as＋形容词原级＋名词词组＋as”。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①Tony is as clever a boy as his brother.
②It is as much your fault as your wife.
③Your bag is twice as expensive as mine.
你的袋子比我的贵一倍。
④This dictionary is not as/so useful as you think.
这本字典不如你想象的那样有用。
⑤Mary has written as many essays as her brother.
玛丽写的文章篇数和她弟弟一样多。
⑥I don't want as expensive a car as this．
我不要这么贵的汽车。
(教材P9) However，I have not done as well with all my students as I have with Graham.
不过，并不是每一个学生我能都像教格雷厄姆那么成功。
句式分析：句中not...all 表示部分否定，意为“并非所有的都……”。
[例1]　Not all men are suitable for that kind of work.
不是所有的人都适合从事那类工作。
[例2]　All football stars are not illbehaved louts.　
并非所有的足球明星都是举止粗野的人。
[知识拓展]
(1)含有“整体；全部”意义的词all，both，every，everybody，everything，always，entirely，wholly，altogether等与否定词连用时，表示部分否定。
(2)none，neither，no one，nobody，nothing，never等表示全部否定。
[即学即练]——完成句子
①I don't want both the books．
我不是两本书都要。
②I don't know everything about her.
关于她的情况我并不全知道。
③Everybody would not like to go to Beijing.
＝Not everybody would like to go to Beijing.
并非人人都愿意去北京。
④None of the students have passed the exam.
这些学生都没有通过考试。

1．The only thing I can remember from school maths is that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees!
[分析]　句中I can remember from school maths为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词thing，系动词is后that the angles of a triangle add up to 180 degrees为that引导的表语从句。
[翻译]　我唯一还记得的数学课内容是三角形的内角和是180度。
2．The first day he walked into my class，he was dragging his schoolbag behind him and looking bored，but as soon as I set up an experiment to show how the human stomach works using acid and an onion，he gave me his full attention.
[分析]　本句是一个复合句；but连接两个并列分句；第一个分句中名词短语The first day引导时间状语从句；第二个分句中as soon as引导时间状语从句；how引导宾语从句作show的宾语；using acid and an onion是现在分词短语在句中作状语。
[翻译]　他第一天走进我的教室时，拖着书包，看起来很无聊。但当我用酸和洋葱做了一个实验来演示人类胃的工作原理时，他全神贯注地听我讲课。

教材	高考
1.It's good that we take some time occasionally to remember some of the positive things in life，don't you agree？	(2020·江苏卷)In looking into the stories of biological discovery，I also began to find something else，a collection of scientists，usually brilliant，occasionally halfmad，who made the discoveries.
2.He used to explain things which seemed difficult with lots of practical examples and in simple language.	(2020·北京卷)The app makes our practical language lessons available wherever and whenever.
3.I remember that he let me pour some fuel into the rocket，and then another student lit a match to set it off.	(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)After that I poured oil into a pan and turned on the stove.
4.The problem was that I lacked confidence in myself.	(2020·天津卷)I have never known an outstanding man who lacked either.
5.Oh look，I used to teach him！	(2020·江苏卷)We used to think that insects were the smallest organisms (生物)，and that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters.
6.I had heard stories about his bad behaviour.	(2020·北京卷)As thinking changes，an individual's behaviour and habits change as well.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The detective is searching the man as carefully(careful) as he can.
2．I wasn't used to city life，but now I have got used to living(live) in this city.
3．Is it worthwhile getting/to get(get) angry over such a trifling matter?
4．The most important files of the system are all accessible(access) from here.
5．Tom，behave yourself(you)! Did you forget the school rules?
6．Judging from his conduct，I assume he is lacking in education.
7．The Bank has approached the issue in a practical(practice) way.
8．Some people attend regularly，others only occasionally(occasion)．
9．I would be grateful if he could cast an expert eye over it and tell me what he thought of it.
10．Food donations have poured in from all over the country.
Ⅱ.短语填空
pass away；add up to；have access to；for the first time；pour into；a couple of；used to；for lack of
1．Your long answer just adds up to a refusal.
2．Make sure that the remote computer has access to the file share.
3．The house came to him when his parents passed away．
4．The project was hung up for lack of money.
5．For the first time Leonard felt angry at her methods.
6．There was a flood of water pouring into the basement.
7．It only lasted a couple of years，as far as I know.
8．I used to edit the college paper in the old days.
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
Graham used to be not very good at most school 1.subjects(subject)．But when he was 15 and went into Mr Jenkins' class，he really became interested in science 2.for the first time.Before Mr Jenkins taught him，science had 3.simply(simple) been a subject full of strange words to Graham.He found it all so 4.boring(bore) and difficult.But Mr Jenkins made everything interesting with lots of 5.practical(practice) examples and in simple language.Graham wasn't a willing student，but he wasn't slow 6.to learn(learn) new things.The problem was that he 7.lacked(lack) confidence in himself.Mr Jenkins made him feel that he had his own strengths.Mr Jenkins once asked him to give a 8.presentation(present) of the stars and planets to the class.That was really 9.the first time he tried to explain science to an audience and now it's his job! Although Graham hasn't seen Mr Jenkins 10.since he left school，he often thinks about Mr Jenkins.

过去完成时

[观察例句]
1．What's more，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that...
2．After Darwin had spent some time in South America，his room on the ship was crowded with samples of the plants and animals he had collected.
3．At that time，people believed that all species had appeared on Earth at the same time...
4．It seemed their beaks had evolved according to what food was available on that particular island.
[归纳用法]
过去完成时的动作须在过去某一时间之前发生，即发生在“过去的过去”。
1．过去完成时的构成
过去完成时是由“had＋过去分词”构成的。
Soon I realized I had made a serious mistake.
我很快就意识到我犯了一个严重的错误。
The man sitting beside me on the plane was very nervous.He had not flown before.
飞机上坐在我旁边的人很紧张，他以前从没乘过飞机。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Had he gone home when you arrived?
②She told me that she had known(know) me since she was a child.
③Just now we all watched you sign to show that you had received(receive)the cheque.
2．过去完成时的用法
(1)“已完成”用法
表示某一动作或状态在过去某一时间之前或过去某一动作之前已经完成。句中常用by引导的时间状语或以before，until，when，than等词引导的内含一般过去时的时间状语从句。
By 5：00 yesterday morning we had done that work.
到昨天早上5点钟时，我们已经做完了那件工作。
He had just finished sweeping the classroom when the teacher returned from the office.
老师从办公室回来时，他刚把教室打扫完。
[名师点津]
在包含before和after的复合句中，因为从句动作和主句动作发生的先后顺序已经非常明确，可以用一般过去时代替过去完成时。
The train (had) started before I reached the station.
在我到达车站之前，列车已经开了。
After he (had) arrived in England，Marx worked hard to improve his English.
马克思到达英格兰之后，努力提高他的英语水平。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
④It rained yesterday after it had been(be) dry for many months.
⑤By the time he got married he had studied(study)history ten years.
⑥I had learnt(learn)5，000 words before I entered the university.
(2)“未完成”用法
表示一个动作或状态在过去某一时刻之前就已开始，一直持续到这一过去时间，还可能再持续下去。
Up to that time all had gone well.
直到那时一切都很顺利。
John and Jane had known each other for a long time before their marriage.
约翰和简在结婚前就认识很长时间了。
(3)“想象性”用法
过去完成时有时表示一种未实现的愿望或想法，主要用在if引导的和过去事实相反的条件句以及wish，as if引导的从句中。
If she had worked hard，she would have succeeded.
要是她努力的话，她就会成功了。(事实上她没努力，也没成功。)
I wish I had gone with you to the concert.
我要是和你一起去音乐会就好了。
(4)表示“刚刚……就……”
过去完成时常用在hardly/scarcely/barely ...when...，no sooner ...than ...等结构中，表示“刚刚……就……”。
Hardly had he begun to speak when the audience interrupted him.
他刚开始演讲，听众就打断了他。
No sooner had he arrived than he went away again.
他刚到就又走了。
[名师点津]
intend，mean，hope，want，plan，suppose，expect，think等动词的过去完成时可以用来表示一个本来打算做而未做的事。
I had meant to come，but something happened.
我原本打算来的，但有事发生了。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
⑦She said she had made(make) much progress since she came here.
⑧The two strangers talked as if they had been(be) good friends for many years.
⑨I had hoped(hope)to send him a telegram to congratulate him on his marriage，but I didn't manage it.
3．过去完成时与一般过去时的比较
一般过去时表示过去时间的动作或状态。过去完成时表示的动作或状态发生在一般过去时表示的动作或状态之前，因此它表示的是“比过去更过去”。
I returned the book that I had borrowed.
我已归还了我借的书。
He didn't know a thing about the verb，for he had not studied his lessons.
他对动词一无所知，因为他没有好好学习功课。
I had been at the bus stop for 20 minutes when a bus finally came.
我在车站等了20分钟车才来。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
⑩They had arrived(arrive) at the station by ten yesterday.
⑪They arrived(arrive)at the station at ten yesterday.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．By nine o'clock last night，we had got(get) 200 pictures from the spaceship.
2．He said he had worked(work) in that factory since 1949.
3．She found the key that she had lost(lose)．
4．It was the third time that he had been(be) out of work that year.
5．He played(play)tennis last week.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
I still remember last winter，1.when I woke up in the morning，it 2.had stopped(stop) snowing.Looking outside of the window，the shiny white snow on our lawn 3.had been cleaned(clean) by my father.I closed the book that I 4.had borrowed(borrow) from the local library and went downstairs for breakfast.Then my little brother came to tell me that he 5.had finished(finish) all his homework and he had 6.a very nice dream the night before.During the breakfast，one of my best friends came to visit my family.She went to Australia last year.7.Before that she 8.had prepared(prepare) for the examination of University of Sydney for half a year.During her study，she 9.had learned(learn) the culture and 10.professional(profession) knowledge in her field.

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