06(选必1)UNIT3CONSERVATIONSectionⅢREADING&WRITING（导学案4）

skybamboo · 发表于 10 小时前

UNIT 3
Section Ⅲ　READING & WRITING

阅读WRITING WORKSHOP中的材料，选择最佳答案。
1．What is the main purpose of factory farming?
A．To keep animals in buildings.
B．To increase production.
C．To suffer from less diseases.
D．To use fewer workers.
2．What is the opinion of opponents about factory farming?
A．It is a lot cheaper than traditional farming.
B．It provides more food for a world population.
C．It costs much less than organic farming.
D．It is not friendly to the animals.
3．What is the writer's attitude towards factory farming?
A．Positive.　　　　 B．Critical.
C．Approval. D．Unhappy.
[答案]　1—3　BDB

Words and Phrases
(教材P62) Factory farming involves keeping farm animals inside buildings to increase the production of meat or eggs.
工厂化养殖包括将农场动物饲养在建筑物内，以增加肉或蛋的产量。
[例]　The test will involve answering questions about a photograph.
考试将包括回答一些关于一张照片的问题。
[知识拓展]
involve doing sth.　　       包含/需要做某事
involve sb.in (doing) sth.       (使)参加，加入
be/get involved in/with          参加，参与；专心于
be involved with...          与……关系密切
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Painting the room involved moving(move) out the piano.
②If I were you，I wouldn't get involved in their problems.
(教材P62) On the other hand，opponents of factory farming say that it is cruel to the animals.
另一方面，反对工厂化养殖的人说这对动物很残忍。
[例]　The cruel boy threw stones at the frogs.
那个残忍的男孩用石头投掷青蛙。
[知识拓展]
be cruel to　　　　       对……残忍
cruelly adv.          残忍地；残暴地
cruelty n.          残忍；残暴
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①A mother who is cruel to her child is unnatural.
②It makes her angry to see a good breed of sheep being treated cruelly(cruel)．
③Mercy to the enemies means cruelty(cruel) to the people.
(教材P62) For instance，many farm animals are kept in small spaces where they can hardly move.
例如，许多农场动物被关在狭小的空间里，它们几乎不能移动。
[例]　Give me an instance of what you mean.
举个例子说明你的意思。
[知识拓展]
for instance 　　　       例如
at the instance of          应……的要求，经……的请
      求；在……的鼓动下
in this instance          在这种情况下
in the first instance          最初，首先
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Some of my books have sold well.My most recent one，for instance，sold 100，000 copies.
②In the first instance，a letter from your employer may be all you need.
③I came here at the instance of Dr.Jekyll.
(教材P62) People who fight for animal rights claim that these animals suffer terrible stress.
为动物权利而战的人们声称这些动物承受着可怕的压力。
[例]　They claimed the reward for working for him.
为他工作他们要求报酬。
[知识拓展]
claim sth.　　　       要求获得某物；认领
claim to do/be...          声称要做/是……
claim that...          声称，断言
claim to have done...          声称做了……
make a claim for          要求……；提出，主张
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①A shipping company has made a claim for the cost of salvaging a sunken ship.
②Nor can he claim to have invented the outdoor shopping centre.
他也不主张他发明了户外购物中心。
③The settlers claimed the land to be theirs.
殖民者声称土地是他们的。
(教材P62) To sum up，despite producing cheap food，factory farming is bad for the planet and for the animals themselves.
总之，尽管生产的食物廉价，工厂化养殖对地球和动物本身都是有害的。
[例]　The expenses came to an enormous sum.
开支总数巨大。
[知识拓展]
sum up　　　　       概括，总结
in sum          简言之；总而言之
do/work/make sums/a sum       计算，做算术题
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Gerard will open the debate and I will sum up．
②My meaning，in sum，is that you must stay.
③I get a mental block every time I try to do sums(sum) in my head.
Sentence Patterns
(教材P66) Storms have been getting worse everywhere too，with more hurricanes hitting the US and Central America．
暴风雨愈发肆虐，越来越多的飓风袭击美国和中美洲。
句式分析：with more hurricanes hitting the US ard Central America是with的复合结构，形式为with＋宾语＋宾语补足语，这一结构在句中可作状语也可作定语。在这一结构中，作宾补的可以是形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词短语、不定式等。
[例1]　Don't stand with your hands in your pockets.
站着的时候别把双手插在口袋里。
[例2]　He stood before his teacher with his head down.
他低着头站在老师面前。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I won't be able to go on holiday with my mother being(be) ill.
②She likes to sleep with the windows open．
她喜欢开着窗户睡觉。
③Holmes and Watson sat with the light on for half an hour.
福尔摩斯和华生开着灯坐了半个小时。
④She was thinking for a while with her eyes shut．
她闭着眼睛思考片刻。

间接信息题
间接信息题一般无法在文中直接找到明确的信息，要求在理解的基础上，对原文信息进行加工或整理(“断章取义”)后得出结论。
间接信息题答案选项的表述通常不是使用文章的原话，而是使用与文中同义或近义的词语来表达。学生需对原文信息进行加工整理，然后再进一步推理鉴别，也可运用排除法，将“无此细节”和“与此细节相反”的选项提前排除。
[例文]　The main reason for this is the drivers，who are called “cabbies”．Many of them are true Cockneys.This means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect(方言) of English.All of them know every street and famous building in the city，and all of them love to talk.A simple twentyminute journey across town can become very interesting.You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the driver's Aunty Nellie! One thing is for sure，it will never be boring.Cabbies know all the latest news about film stars，the Royal Family，government leaders，and popular singers or actors and actresses.
◆From what can we tell that someone is a Cockney?
A．Their interest.　
B．Their manners.　
C．Their speech.　
D．Their appearance.
[答案]　C
[即学即练]——请快速确定下面间接信息题的答案
Other cultures can be different from ours in many aspects! They can eat different foods and live in different types of houses.People probably speak different languages and have beliefs and customs very different from yours.However，they can also be similar in ways of connecting with each other.We sometimes call these means of communication universal languages.
Some legends hold that，thousands of years ago，there was a single language spoken by everyone on Earth.It is fun to think about a time when everyone may have been able to communicate in the same language though historical evidence does not support this，of course.
Today，there are thousands of languages spoken around the world.Yet，there are some means of communication that go beyond words and allow people of wildly different backgrounds to communicate and share emotions and feelings.For example，some people believe music is a universal language.There may be some scientific support for this idea，too.Experts have learned that，across cultures，people can recognize three common emotions in music：happiness，sadness and fear.
So what other types of universal languages might there be？Some people believe dance is a universal language.Along with music，dancing seems to be a common interest shared by peoples all over the world.Do you think you could see a dance from another culture and make some reasonable guesses about the ideas and emotions behind it？We bet you could!
Another universal language that you might not have thought of is math! If you think about it now，though，it just makes sense.The value of pi is roughly 3.14159 no matter where you are on Earth，likewise，figuring out the value of something involves the same mathematical calculations，regardless of whether you're counting in dollars，pesos or coconuts.
◆Why is music regarded as a universal language?
A．It can be enjoyed by people from all walks of life.
B．It can be understood more easily than languages.
C．It usually comes from different backgrounds.
D．It helps people to share common feelings.
[答案]　D

正反观点对比类文章

正反观点对比类文章大多数是议论文，有时是夹叙夹议类文章。写好该类作文要注意以下要点：
1．观点鲜明，文章一定要有一个明确的中心论点。
2．层次分明，一个中心论点通常有几个分论点支持，层次要分明，过渡要自然。
3．最后一段一般要总结全文，得出一个符合逻辑的结论，突出中心思想。
4．通常采用一般现在时。
5．语言简洁有力，一般不采用口语。
[基本框架]
开头——开门见山，引入辩论话题
主体——列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由
结尾——表明自己的观点
[常用词块]
1．attach great importance to高度重视
2．play a vital part in在……中起重要作用
3．make outstanding contributions to对……做出杰出贡献
4．serve the society服务社会
5．from my point of view依我之见
6．a wise choice一个明智的选择
7．support the opinion支持这个观点
8．oppose the opinion反对这个观点
9．the following three reasons以下三个原因
10．become more and more popular变得越来越受欢迎
[常用语句]
第一部分：引入辩论话题。
1．Recently our class had a discussion whose topic was whether it was necessary for high school students to do voluntary work.
最近我们班进行了一次讨论，主题是中学生是否有必要做义工。
2．Opinions were divided on the topic.
在这个问题上意见有分歧。
第二部分：列举正方和反方的观点并说明理由。
1．However，every coin has two sides.
然而，任何事物都有两面性。
2．Some students support the opinion.Other students oppose the opinion.
一些学生支持这个观点。其他学生反对这个观点。
3．73% of the students supported the view for the reason that volunteering to help others made a contribution to building a harmonious society.
73%的学生支持这一观点，因为志愿帮助他人对构建和谐社会做出了贡献。
4．However，27% of the students were against the idea.
然而，27%的学生反对这个想法。
5．They argued that for one thing，teenagers were too young to take up some work.
他们认为，一方面，青少年太年轻，不能从事某些工作。
6．For another，students' time was limited with so much homework to do.
另一方面，学生时间是有限的，因为有这么多的作业要做。
第三部分：表明自己的观点。
1．From my point of view，it's beneficial for us to do voluntary work，for we can not only gain valuable experience but also a better understanding of society.
在我看来，做志愿者工作对我们是有益的，因为我们不仅可以获得宝贵的经验，而且可以更好地了解社会。
2．As far as I'm concerned/Personally，I'm in favour of the first/second view.
就我个人而言，我赞成第一/第二种观点。

随着科学技术的发展，克隆已经成为现实。但人们对于是否应该克隆人类有不同的看法。请你根据下面所提供的信息，写一篇英语作文并适当发表自己的观点。主要内容：
1．赞同克隆人：可用于医疗领域。
2．反对克隆人：用克隆人进行犯罪活动，无法预知克隆人的未来。
注意：词数80左右。

【学生习作】

We can clone animals now.It is possible to clone humans in the future.People have different opinions about this.
Some people are for it.They think we can use it in the field of medicine.We may make some organs to replace the bad ones.
Some people are against it.They think the cloned people can be used as a tool to do crimes.We can not forecast the future of the cloned people.
In my opinion，the cloning technology is very useful to us humans，but it's immoral to clone humans.

点评：
1．内容全面，要点齐全，能够从正反两个层面进行论述，符合写作要求。
2．句式单一，适当使用合适的过渡词，文章会更加流畅。
3．使用定语从句合并句子可提升作文的档次。

【升格作文】
Cloning has been realized.Furthermore，it is possible to clone humans in the future.People have different opinions about this.
The people who are in favor of it believe we can use it in the field of medicine；we may make some organs to replace the bad ones in patients' bodies.
But the people who go against think that the cloned people can be used as a tool to do crimes.What's more，we can not forecast the future of the cloned people.
In my opinion，the cloning technology is very useful to us humans，but it's immoral to clone humans.

最近，你班同学就“Is it better to employ selfstudy or teamwork study？”进行了讨论，大家观点不一致。请根据表格提示写一篇短文，介绍此次讨论情况并发表自己的看法，然后发表在你校英语论坛上。

独立学习更好(55%)	1.免于被他人干扰； 2．有助于培养独立思考的能力； 3．更容易获得成就感。
合作学习更好(45%)	1.有助于营造浓厚的学习气氛； 2．有助于培养互助合作的精神。
你的看法	？

注意：1.词数80左右；
2.开头已经给出，不计入总词数。
A lively discussion was held in our class about whether it was better to employ selfstudy or teamwork study.

【参考范文】
A lively discussion was held in our class about whether it was better to employ selfstudy or teamwork study.There were different opinions among students concerning this topic.
55% of them were in favor of selfstudy.They believed that it could avoid interruptions from others.Besides，it could develop their ability to think independently and they would have a greater sense of achievement if they were successful.
However，45% of them thought that teamwork study could help create a more enjoyable learning atmosphere and develop the spirit of cooperation.
As far as I'm concerned，both of them have their advantages and disadvantages，so individuals should choose the learning style that they find most suitable.

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