01(选必1)UNIT2SUCCESSSectionⅠTOPICTALK&LESSON（导学案4）

skybamboo · 发表于 9 小时前

UNIT 2 SUCCESS

1．He who seizes the right moment，is the right man.
—Goethe
谁把握机遇，谁就心想事成。
——歌德
2．The people who get on in this world are the people who get up and look for circumstances they want，and if they cannot find them，make them.       —Bernard Shaw
在这个世界上取得成就的人，都努力去寻找他们想要的机会，如果找不到机会，他们便自己创造机会。             ——萧伯纳
3．You have to believe in yourself.That's the secret of success.
—Charlie Chaplin
人必须有自信，这是成功的秘密。       ——查理·卓别林
4．Try not to become a man of success but rather try to become a man of value.                      —Einstein
不要为成功而努力，要为做一个有价值的人而努力。
——爱因斯坦
5．Victory won't come to me unless I go to it.
—M.Moore
胜利是不会向我走来的，我必须自己走向胜利。
——穆尔

Success means different things for different people.Some may equate it with fame，some with wealth and still some with accomplishments.For me，it means fulfilling one's dreams.Whatever your dreams are，you have a goal there and then focus all your attention on it.Dreams bring you hope and happiness.In the process of struggling for it，you cry，sweat，complain or even curse，but the joy of harvesting makes you forget all the pains and troubles you have gone through.So an old proverb says that the sweetest fruit is one that has undergone the bitterest ordeal.

Should people stop once they have achieved something? No! In life，they are always trying to make things better or have more of the same success.
Athletes are constantly striving (努力) to shorten time for races，increase heights or distances.
The world of medicine has had its series of successes，too.Christian Barnard performed several successful heart transplants.Other medical experts have achieved organ transplants.Throughout the ages，mankind has found treatments and cures for cancer and other diseases.A cure for AIDS might soon be discovered.
Success does not belong only to the rich and famous.It should be the goal of everyone.Many successful people have had humble beginnings.
At work，we strive for achievement，too.Success may mean organizing a conference more effectively and efficiently each year.Sometimes，it is not a pat on the back or the promotion that makes it worthwhile.
The journey to success has its road blocks，discouragement and distractions.It takes great resourcefulness and achievement to overcome obstacles and setbacks to move on successfully.
[探究发现]
1．Why athletes constantly striving to shorten time for races?
To achieve success.
2．What is Christian Barnard's success?
Succeeding in performing heart transplants.
3．According to the passage，who does success belong to?
Everyone.
Section Ⅰ　TOPIC TALK & LESSON 1

Ⅰ.匹配词义
A．单词匹配
(　　)1.astronaut　　       A．adj.obeying the rules
(　　)2.disciplined       B．n.宇航员
(　　)3.enthusiastic          C．adj.感激的
(　　)4.appreciative       D．adj.最后的，最终的
(　　)5.ultimate          E．adj.feeling or showing a lot of
      excitement and interest about sb./sth.
(　　)6.commitment          F．n.the fact of doing sth.together or of
      working together towards a shared aim
(　　)7.cooperation          G．n.寝室，学生宿舍
(　　)8.employee          H．n.the willingness to work hard and
      give your energy and time to a job or an
      activity
(　　)9.dormitory          I．n.家具
(　　)10.furniture          J．n.雇员
[答案]　1—5　BAECD　6—10　HFJGI
B．短语匹配
(　　)1.make sense　　       A．发迹；出人头地
(　　)2.get on       B．退出，脱离；辍学
(　　)3.drop out          C．有意义；解释得通
(　　)4.turn one's back on       D．赠送；捐赠
(　　)5.give away          E．不理睬；背弃
[答案]　1—5　CABED
Ⅱ.默写单词
1．symbol n．　　       象征，标志
2．optimistic adj.          乐观的，乐观主义的
3．committed adj.          坚定的；尽心尽力的
4．ambitious adj.          有抱负的，有雄心的
5．appreciate vt.          欣赏；赏识
6．hunger n.          饥饿，饥荒
7．guilty adj.          内疚的，羞愧的
8．professor n.          教授

Ⅰ.语境填词
hunger；guilty；professor；dormitories；optimistic；means；ambitious；symbol；appreciate；career
1．In this poem the budding flower means youth.
2．They are cautiously optimistic that the reforms will take place.
3．Only ambitious students get the best marks.
4．The white colour is a symbol of purity.
5．You can't appreciate English poetry unless you understand its rhythm.
6．My uncle entered upon a diplomatic career at the age of thirtyfive.
7．Three hundred people in this town are dying of hunger every day.
8．Bob felt guilty that he had not made an attempt to save her.
9．The professor adapted his lecture to his audience.
10．Most of the students of this college live in dormitories．
Ⅱ.语法填空之派生词
1．I felt guilty(guilt) about not visiting my parents more often.
2．Thousands are going hungry(hunger) because of the failure of this year's harvest.
3．I put a pillow on the saddle so that I could ride comfortably(comfortable)．
4．Every single employee(employ) turned up at the meeting，even people who usually stayed away.
5．He was determined(determine) to give his family a secure and solid base.
6．The government is committed(commit) to protecting the interests of tenants.
7．The headmaster in our school hopes that we will be more ambitious(ambition) when we graduate than when we got admitted.
8．He was very appreciative(appreciate) of his colleagues' support during his illness.
9．He's been out of action for 16 months with a serious knee injury(injure)．
10．The meeting discussed how to promote cooperation(cooperate) between the two countries.

1．They spend half of their time dreaming up ways of getting rich and achieving the success they expect，and the rest of their time thinking about all the things they will do once they become rich.
他们花一半时间想象各种发财和达到他们期望的成功的办法，另一半时间则用来考虑一旦发了财他们会干什么。
2．However，there are people who have turned their backs on their millions and found other forms of success in their lives.
然而有些人却放弃了百万家财，找到了人生中其他形式的成功。
3．He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.
他厌倦了被认为是一个拥有一切的人，过着成功的生活，而许多人却一无所有。
4．They didn't have the chance to learn and get on in life.
他们没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。
5．Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。

词语助读
①become a millionaire成为百万富翁
②a symbol of success成功的象征
③ultimate goal最终目标
④dream up虚构，凭空想出
⑤think about考虑
⑥get the sense of success获得成功感
⑦look for寻找
⑧worry about担心
⑨work hard努力工作
⑩become wealthy变得富有
⑪make money赚钱
⑫lose the sense of success失去成功感
⑬turn one's back on不理睬；背弃
⑭other forms of success其他形式的成功
⑮a college professor大学教授
⑯a fortune of two million dollars两百万美元的财产
⑰a small dormitory room小宿舍
⑱secondhand furniture二手家具
⑲take care of照料
⑳grow some vegetables种些蔬菜
原文呈现
MONEY VS SUCCESS
Angela Johnson interviews exmillionaire Jason Harley
For a lot of people，becoming a millionaire① is a symbol of success② and they set this as their ultimate goal③.Theyspendhalfoftheirtimedreaming up④waysofgettingrichandachievingthesuccesstheyexpect，andtherestoftheirtimethinking about⑤allthethingstheywilldooncetheybecomerich.(1) Butdoallmillionairesget the sense of success⑥theywerelooking for⑦aftertheyachievetheirgoals？(2) Somecontinuetoworry about⑧moneywhentheybecomemillionaires—theyworked hard⑨ to become wealthy⑩，butthentheyneedtocontinuemaking money⑪sotheydon'tlose the sense of success⑫theyhaveachieved.(3)However，there are people whohaveturned their backs on⑬theirmillionsandfoundother forms of success⑭intheirlives(4)．Jason Harley is one example.
(1)句中they expect为定语从句，修饰先行词success，they will do也是定语从句，修饰先行词things，once they become rich为时间状语从句。
(2)句中they were looking for为定语从句，修饰先行词success，after they achieve their goals为时间状语从句。
(3)句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，so连接表示因果关系的并列句，when they become millionaires为时间状语从句，they have achieved为定语从句，修饰先行词the sense of success。
(4)who引导定语从句，修饰先行词people。
(5)that引导同位语从句。
(6)which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词fruit trees。
(7)句中while引导表示对比关系的并列句，第一个分句中who had everything为定语从句，修饰先行词person。
(8)what引导主语从句。
(9)whenever引导时间状语从句。
(10)that引导定语从句，修饰先行词success。
(11)that引导宾语从句。
(12)省略that的宾语从句，其中and连接两个动名词短语作come from的宾语。
(13)Most people believe后为宾语从句，其中when...enough money为时间状语从句。
(14)省略that的宾语从句。
(15) that引导宾语从句。
(16)省略关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词things。
(17)because引导原因状语从句。
(18)句中how much money you have和how you understand the true meaning of life都作介词by的宾语。
译文参考
金钱与成功
安吉拉·约翰逊采访前
百万富翁詹森·哈利
对很多人来说，成为百万富翁是成功的象征，他们把这作为他们的最终目标。他们花一半时间想象各种发财和达到他们期望的成功的办法，另一半时间则用来考虑一旦发了财他们会干什么。但是，是否所有的百万富翁在实现他们的目标后都获得了他们所追求的成功感呢？有些人在成为百万富翁后仍然担心钱的问题——他们努力工作成为富人，但之后他们需要继续赚钱，这样他们就不会失去已经获得的成功感。然而有些人却放弃了百万家财，找到了人生中其他形式的成功。詹森·哈利就是一个例子。
16年前，詹森是一名大学教授，拥有一幢六间卧室的大房子和两百万美元的财产。今天他住在一个只有二手家具的小宿舍里。没有任何迹象表明詹森是一个富有和成功的人！外面有一个小花园，里面有几棵果树，詹森喜欢照料它们。他还种了一些蔬菜和花。他的衣服和其他很多东西都是从慈善商店买的。
但是詹森很欣赏这种变化。他很乐意放弃富人的生活方式。他厌倦了被认为是一个拥有一切的人，过着成功的生活，而许多人却一无所有。他决定把自己的钱财都捐赠出去。他说，这给他的生活带来了快乐和成功感。
“我不需要很多钱。我不想买更多的东西。我拥有的已经够多了，”詹森说。“我想要的是简单的生活和帮助别人。几年前，我是一个百万富翁，但我知道每年有数百万人死于饥饿。有些地方没有学校，没有老师。那么多人永远无法上学。他们没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。这让我很担心，我为自己是一个有钱人而什么都不做而感到很内疚。”
因此他把所有的钱都捐给了慈善机构。只要他有两千多美元，他就会把小面额的钞票送给当地街道上无家可归的人。“这是一种我从未有过的满足感和真正的成就感，”詹森说。“当然，许多人认为‘成功’意味着银行里有数百万美元或者有一份高薪工作。但我认为我的成就感来自帮助别人并找到生活的真谛。”
大多数人相信，当他们生活舒适，并挣到足够的钱时，他们就不会有任何烦恼。然而，大多数人总是觉得自己挣得不够。詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。他怀念过去的东西吗？“不，我现在快乐多了，因为我是按照自己的价值观生活的。成功不是看你有多少钱，而是看你如何理解生活的真谛。”

速读课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.阅读判断
判断下列句子提供的信息正确还是错误，还是没有提及：
1．Some millionaires do not get the sense of success after they achieve their goals.
A．Right.       B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
2．Jason Harley has turned his back on his wealth.
A．Right.       B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
3．Jason Harley is pleased to have the lifestyle of a rich man.
A．Right.       B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
4．Jason Harley has never felt a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success.
A．Right.       B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
5．Most people will drop out of this kind of lifestyle like Jason Harley soon.
A．Right.       B．Wrong. C．Not mentioned.
[答案]　1—5　AABBC
Ⅱ.补全信息
选择正确选项填入空白处，补全所给句子提供的信息：
A．being regarded as living a successful life
B．taking care of
C．being a rich man without doing anything
D．becoming a millionaire
E．helping others and finding true meaning in life
F．having millions in the bank or a wellpaid job
1．For a lot of people，is a symbol of success and they set this as their ultimate goal.
2．There is a small garden outside with a few fruit trees，which Jason enjoys．
3．Jason was tired of，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.
4．This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty．
5．Sure，many people think that “success” means．
6．But I think my sense of achievement comes from．
[答案]　1—6　DBACFE
Ⅲ.表格填空

Angela Johnson interviews exmillionaire Jason Harley
Most people	◆Set becoming a 1.millionaire as their ultimate goal. ◆Spend half of their time 2.dreaming up ways of getting rich and the rest of their time 3.thinking about what they will do once they become rich.
Angela Johnson interviews exmillionaire Jason Harley
Some millionaires	◆Worry about 4.money when they become millionaires. ◆Continue making money so they don't lose 5.the sense of success they have achieved.
Jason Harley	◆He is 6.pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man. ◆He gave all his money away to 7.charities. ◆He thinks the sense of achievement 8.comes from helping others and finding 9.true meaning in life. ◆He is happy to live 10.simply and be helpful to others.

细读课文，完成下列任务
Ⅰ.主旨匹配

段落	主旨大意
1.Para.1	A.Jason appreciates this change.
2.Para.2	B.Jason's past and present.
3.Para.3	C.Jason gave away all his money.
4.Para.4	D.Jason's belief in life.
5.Para.5	E.Jason lives simply and helps others.

[答案]　1—5　BAECD
Ⅱ.课文理解
1．What do some millionaires usually do after becoming rich?
A．Dream up ways of getting much richer.
B．Try to get the sense of success.
C．Go on making money.
D．Look for their new life goals.
2．How does Jason feel about the lifestyle of a rich man?
A．Tired.　　　　　　 B．Pleased.
C．Excited. D．Puzzled.
3．What does Jason want to do now?
A．To buy more things.
B．To get more education.
C．To become a millionaire again.
D．To help those people in need.
4．What is Jason's opinion of success?
A．Success means having millions in the bank.
B．Success means having a wellpaid job.
C．Success means finding true meaning in life.
D．Success means living comfortably and freely.
[答案]　1—4　CADC
Ⅲ.读后续写微技能
读后续写微技能(三)——人物感受
A．阅读文中含有表示人物感受的语句
1．Some continue to worry about money when they become millionaires—they worked hard to become wealthy，but then they need to continue making money so they don't lose the sense of success they have achieved.
2．He is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.
3．He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.
B．判断下列语句中哪个不是表示人物感受的？
1．This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doing anything.
2．Therefore he gave away all his money to charities.
3．“It was a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success that I had never felt before，” said Jason.
4．I'm much happier now，because I am living according to my values.
[答案]　2

1．determine vt.决定，确定→determined adj.坚定的，坚决的→determination n．决心，毅力
2．discipline n．自制力 vt.惩罚，处罚→disciplined adj.遵守纪律的
3．commit vt.犯(罪/错)；承诺；保证→committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的→commitment n．投入忠诚，奉献；承诺
4．ambition n．雄心；野心；抱负→ambitious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的
5．appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识→appreciative adj.感激的→appreciation n．欣赏；感激，感谢
6．injure vt.损害；伤害→injury n．伤，损害→injured adj.受伤的
7．cooperate v．合作，协作→cooperation n．合作，协作→cooperative adj.合作的；同心协力的
8．employ vt.雇佣→employee n．雇员→employer n．雇主→employment n．雇佣，就业
9．hunger n．饥饿，饥荒→hungry adj.感到饥饿的；挨饿的
10．guilt n．有罪；对罪行有责任→guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的

commitment n．承诺；许诺；允诺承担；保证；(对工作或活动的)献身，奉献，投入；已承诺(或同意)的事；不得不做的事
①She doesn't want to make a big emotional commitment to Steve at the moment.             承诺
②A career as an actor requires one hundred per cent commitment.
            投入
③Women very often have to juggle work with their family commitments.
            不得不做的事

Words and Phrases
(教材P28) be passionate and determined about what you do
对你所做的事情要有激情和决心
[例]　She gave me a determined look—the kind that said she would not change her mind.
她给了我一个坚定的眼神——这种眼神表明她是不会改变主意的。
[知识拓展]
(1)be determined to do sth.       决心做某事(表示状态)
(2)determine vt.          决定；确定；下决心
(3)determination n.  [U]决定；决心
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①He determined to learn(learn) Chinese.
②We were determined to win(win) the game.
③I have determined on/upon spending my holiday at home.
④She has the determination(determine)to overcome all the obstacles to succeed.
[小片段填空]
My sister Lily has determined/is determined to go to Beijing University.She is a determined girl，so we know that once she has determined upon/on doing something，she will make her dream come true with great determination.
(教材P28) committed and focused
坚定和专注
[例]　He is regarded as a committed supporter of a radical freemarket economics policy.
他被视为激进的自由市场经济体制政策的坚定支持者。
[知识拓展]
(1)commit vt.　　       投入；使承诺；做不好的事
commit sb.to (doing) sth.       使某人承诺(做)某事
commit oneself to (doing) sth.
          答应(做)某事
commit suicide/a crime/murder
          自杀/犯罪/谋杀
commit sth.to sth.          调拨；投入
(2)commitment n.          承诺，保证，承担义务
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Borrowers should think carefully before committing themselves to taking(take) out a loan.
②The council has committed large amounts of money to housing projects.
③It is an open question how long that commitment(commit) can last.
(教材P28) enthusiastic and ambitious
热心并雄心勃勃的
[例]　She was even less enthusiastic about going to Spain.
她对去西班牙更是不感兴趣。
[知识拓展]
(1)be enthusiastic about       对某事热心
be enthusiastic to do sth.          喜欢做某事
(2)enthusiasm n.          热情；热心；热衷的事物
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①He is enthusiastic about both study and physical labour.
②And as you can see，the children were really encouraged，and they were also enthusiastic to read(read) all of these books.
③Without correct leadership，the enthusiasm(enthusiastic) of the masses cannot be sustained.
[小片段填空]
He was a boy of great heart and enthusiasm．My friend was an enthusiastic musician，who was enthusiastic about composing new songs.
(教材P106)Yes，that makes a lot of sense.
是的，这很有道理。
[例]　Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.
只有当你把太阳放在那个位置上，天空中其他行星的运动才能解释得通。
[知识拓展]
make sense of...       弄懂……的意思
make no sense          无意义
in a sense          在某种意义上
in no sense          决不；决非(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
there's no sense in doing sth.
          做……是没有道理/作用的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空/完成句子
①I can't make sense of this poem，but perhaps I will，if I read it again.
②In a sense，his suggestion is very practical.
③Planning so far ahead makes no sense—so many things will change.
那么早计划是没有意义的——那么多事情会发生变化。
[名师点津]
make sense的主语常是“物”，而make sense of 的主语常是“人”。
[小片段填空]
In a sense，the sentence underlined in the passage was difficult.He couldn't make sense of it.At last，the teacher told him it didn't make sense，so there is no sense in analyzing its structure.
(教材P106) Despite many injuries in his career，he always remained determined and focused.尽管职业生涯中多次受伤，但他始终保持着决心和专注。
[例]　The injury to their key player could be a decisive factor in the game.
他们主力队员受伤可能是这场比赛胜负的决定性因素。
[知识拓展]
(1)do sb.an injury　       伤害某人
do an injury to sb.          伤害某人
(2)injure v.          伤害，损害
injured adj.          受伤的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Smoking does an injury to health.
②The injured(injure) man mounted his horse with difficulty.
[小片段填空]
The accident caused serious injury to the passengers.The injured were soon rushed to the nearest hospital.
(教材P31) But Jason appreciates this change.
但是詹森很欣赏这种变化。
[例]　I appreciate your help very much.
我非常感谢你的帮助。
[知识拓展]
(1)appreciate (one's) doing sth.
　　　　　　       感激(某人)做某事
I would appreciate it if...          如果……我将不胜感激
(2)appreciation n.          欣赏；鉴别；感激
in appreciation of...          作为对……的感谢；为感谢……
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I really appreciate your thinking(think) highly of my work.
②I would appreciate it if you could give me some advice on how to solve these problems.
③We would appreciate you letting(let)us know of any problems.
[名师点津]
appreciate用法需注意的两点：
(1)appreciate后接动名词，而不可用不定式作宾语，且不能以“人”作宾语。
(2)appreciate 后面若跟when/if引导的从句作宾语时，从句前应用it作形式宾语。类似用法的动词还有hate，love，like，dislike等。
(教材P31)...I was a millionaire，but I knew millions of people died of hunger every year...
……我是一个百万富翁，但我知道每年有数百万人死于饥饿……
[例]　Around fifty people die of hunger every day in the camp.集中营里每天大约有五十人饿死。
[知识拓展]
(1)have a hunger for       渴望……
die of hunger          死于饥饿
(2)hunger to do sth.          渴望做某事
hunger for/after sth.          渴望得到某物
(3)hungry adj.          饥饿的；挨饿的
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①I don't know about the rest of you，but I'm hungry(hunger)．
②She hungered for some contact outside her own circumscribed world.
③New Zealanders are still learning，still have a hunger for answers and are still on the journey to discovering their own identity.
(教材P31) They didn't have the chance to learn and get on in life.他们没有接受教育和开启新生活的机会。
[例]　She is ambitious and eager to get on.
她雄心勃勃，迫切地想出人头地。
[知识拓展]
get along/on with　       进展；相处
get into          染上(坏习惯)，陷入
get across          通过；被传达；被理解
get over          克服，从……中恢复过来
get through          接通；完成；通过
get down to          记下；开始
get away with          干(坏事)而未受惩罚
[即学即练]——完成句子
①This mistake will get him into difficulties.
这一错误将使他陷入困境。
②Don't attempt to cheat—you'll never get away with it.
别想着作弊——对作弊者会严惩不贷。
③A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.
微笑可以帮助我们渡过难关，在陌生人中找到朋友。
④It's impossible to get on/along with him.　
根本无法跟他相处。
[小片段填空]
Parents in China are eager for their children to get on．But it is not easy for children to get down to their study.Some of them even get into bad habits，which makes them hard to get along with．
(教材P31)Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free.
詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。
[例]　The window was open，and the pot just dropped out.
窗户开着，花盆就掉了出去。
[知识拓展]
drop back/behind       落后，被抛在后面
drop in          顺便拜访
drop into          顺便进入(某处)，随意到(某处)看看
drop off          不知不觉睡着
[即学即练]——完成句子
①They would unexpectedly drop in on us.
他们会突然顺道来访。
②The colt was struggling to stay with the pace and started to drop back/behind．
那匹小马奋力要跟上，但还是开始落后了。
③Struggle as she might，she kept dropping off．
尽管她拼命挣扎，还是不停地打瞌睡。
Sentence Patterns
(教材P31)Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to homeless people in the streets of local areas.
只要他有两千多美元，他就会把小面额的钞票送给当地街道上无家可归的人。
句式分析：本句中Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars是让步状语从句，其中Whenever相当于no matter when。
[例1]　Whenever we met with difficulties，they came to help us.
每当我们遇到困难时，他们总来帮助我们。
[例2]　Give us a call whenever you need our service.
什么时候需要我们的服务，打个电话就行。
[知识拓展]
(1)“疑问代词＋ ever”可引导两种类型的从句，即让步状语从句和名词性从句。引导状语从句时相当于“no matter＋疑问代词”。
(2)“no matter＋疑问代词”只能引导让步状语从句。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①Whatever happened，he wouldn't say a word.
②Whichever dictionary you (may) take，you will have to pay at least 20 dollars.
③You may invite whoever you like.
(教材P31) Jason Harley decided to drop out of this kind of lifestyle，and he discovered that having only a little money made him free．
詹森·哈利决定放弃这种生活方式，他发现只拥有少量金钱使他获得了自由。
句式分析：句中made him free为make ＋宾语＋形容词(作宾语补足语)的复合宾语结构。
[例1]　But I was happy to help because I knew it was to realize our dream of making black and white people equal.
但是我乐于帮忙，因为我知道，这是为了实现我们黑人和白人平等的梦想。
[例2]　The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier，not to make it more difficult.
新技术的目的是使生活变得更加容易，而不是变得更加困难。
[知识拓展]
make作使役动词，意思是“使成为，使作为，使变成”，其后的复合宾语(即宾语＋宾语补足语)有以下表达方式：
(1)make＋宾语＋名词(作宾语补足语)
(2)make＋宾语＋不带to的不定式(作宾语补足语)
(3)make＋宾语＋形容词(作宾语补足语)
(4)make＋宾语＋过去分词(作宾语补足语)
(5)make＋宾语＋介词短语(作宾语补足语)
(6)make＋宾语＋从句(作宾语补足语)
(7)make＋形式宾语it＋形容词或名词(作宾语补足语)＋带to的不定式(作真正的宾语)
(8)make＋形式宾语it＋形容词或名词(作宾语补足语) ＋从句(作真正的宾语)
[即学即练]——完成句子
①Most pop singers make music their career．
大多数流行歌手把音乐当作他们的职业。
②Nobody made us go to bed at a certain time.
没有人让我们在某一固定时间就寝。
③The teacher raised his voice so that he could make himself heard．
那个老师提高了嗓门以便别人能听到他。
④We will soon make our school what your school is now．
我们不久就要把我们的学校发展成你们学校目前的样子。
⑤Everyone should make it a rule to go to bed early and get up early.人人都应该养成早睡早起的习惯。
⑥They want to make it clear to the public that they do an important and necessary job.他们要向公众表明，他们所做的工作是重要的，是必不可少的。

1．Some continue to worry about money when they become millionaires — they worked hard to become wealthy，but then they need to continue making money so they don't lose the sense of success they have achieved.
[分析]　句中but连接表示转折关系的并列句，so连接表示因果关系的并列句，when they become millionaires为when引导的时间状语从句，they have achieved为省略that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the sense of success。
[翻译]　有些人在成为百万富翁后仍然担心钱的问题——他们努力工作成为富人，但之后他们需要继续赚钱，这样他们就不会失去已经获得的成功感。
2．He was tired of being regarded as living a successful life，as a person who had everything while many people had nothing.
[分析]　句中while引导表示对比关系的并列句，第一个分句中who had everything为定语从句，修饰先行词a person。
[翻译]　他厌倦了被认为是一个拥有一切的人，过着成功的生活，而许多人却一无所有。

教材	高考
1.enthusiastic and ambitious	(2020·全国卷Ⅱ)I was always an enthusiastic reader，sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child.
2.enthusiastic and ambitious	(2020·全国卷Ⅰ)The language is almost intoxicating (令人陶醉的)，an aging writer looking back on an ambitious yet simpler time.
3.But Jason appreciates this change.	(2020·全国卷Ⅲ)This is often appreciated since at a housewarming there isn't a lot of food served.
4....I was a millionaire，but I knew millions of people died of hunger every year...	(2020·天津卷)For those who hunger for some peace and quiet，sound can now create silence.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．Whenever I visited him，he was always busy working.
2．The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.
3．Next time you are in Guangzhou，please drop in on me.
4．Leonidas' family had been poor，he went hungry(hunger) for years.
5．And what is the key to expressing gratitude and appreciation(appreciate)?
6．The injured(injure) captain，lying in the bow of the boat，said nothing.
7．There is no sense in worrying(worry) about such a thing.
8．He wants to make sure that schools are committed to providing(provide) alternative education.
9．There was an expression of fierce determination(determine) on her face.
10．But he said he is willing to be patient and he remains optimistic about the future.
Ⅱ.短语填空
get on；drop out；make sense；turn one's back on；give away；be tired of
1．She gave away all her furniture when she went abroad.
2．He turned his back on his wife when he became famous.
3．Politics is seen as a man's world.It is very difficult for women to get on．
4．They were tired of the doctor airing his knowledge.
5．I dropped out of high school.It bored me to death.
6．I didn't know what he was talking about.It didn't make sense．
Ⅲ.课文语法填空
There are certainly no signs 1.that Jason is a rich and successful man! However，sixteen years ago，Jason was 2.a college professor with a fortune of two million dollars.Today he 3.lives(live) in a small dormitory room with only secondhand furniture.He gets his things from charity shops.But Jason is pleased 4.to give(give) up the lifestyle of a rich man.He gave away all his money to 5.charities(charity)．And this brought him 6.happiness(happy) and a sense of success in life.Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to 7.homeless(home) people in the streets of local areas.He thinks his sense of achievement comes from helping others and 8.finding(find) true meaning in life.Most people believe when they are living 9.comfortably(comfortable) and earning enough money，they will have no worries.However，most people never feel they have earned enough.Jason Harley said，“Success is not measured by how much money you have 10.but by how you understand the true meaning of life.”

动名词

[观察例句]
1．Fighting broke out between the South and the North.
2．Would you mind turning down your radio a little，please?
3．She is washing，cleaning and taking care of the children.
4．Do you object to Li Ping's joining the physics group?
5．My walking stick is the same length as yours.
[归纳用法]
一、动名词的作用
动名词具有名词的性质，因此在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。
1．作主语
(1)动名词作主语往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作，谓语动词用单数。
Swimming is my favourite sport.
游泳是我最喜欢的一项运动。
Collecting stamps is his hobby.
集邮是他的爱好。
[名师点津]
动名词和不定式都可以作主语，动名词作主语表示一般或抽象的多次性行为，不定式作主语往往表示具体的或一次性的动作。作宾语时的情况也是如此。
Playing with fire is dangerous.
玩火危险。(泛指)
Be careful！To play with fire will be dangerous.
小心点！玩火会带来危险。(指一具体动作)
(2)在It is no use/no good/useless/worthwhile/dangerous/a waste of time/fun等后需用动名词作真正的主语。
It's no use waiting for him any longer.
再等他是没有用的。
It's a waste of time arguing about it.
争论此事是浪费时间。
(3)当句型“There is no...”表示“不允许、禁止某种行为的发生或存在”时，需用动名词作主语。
There is no joking about such matters.
这种事开不得玩笑。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
①It is a waste of time persuading (persuade) such a person to join us.
②Raising(raise) your hat to a lady is good manners.
2．作宾语
(1)作动词的宾语。可接动名词作宾语的常见动词可用下面的口诀记住：
避免错过少延期(avoid，miss，postpone)
建议完成多练习(advise，finish，practise)
喜欢想象禁不住(enjoy，imagine，can't help)
承认否定与嫉妒(admit，deny，envy)
逃避冒险莫原谅(escape，risk，excuse)
忍受保持不介意(stand，keep，mind)
Would you mind opening the window?
你介意打开窗子吗？
(2)英语中有一些动词短语也常跟动名词作宾语。常见的跟动名词作宾语的动词短语有insist on，object to，be good at，lead to，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，devote to，get used to，pay attention to，be worth等。
He insisted on doing it in his own way.
他坚持要按照自己的方法做。
I have never looked forward to visiting that place.
我从未盼望过要参观那个地方。
(3)有些动词或词组后跟动名词或不定式都可以，但意思不同。
(4)下列动词可接动名词的主动形式表示被动意义，相当于不定式的被动形式。
need/want/require/deserve doing＝need/want/require/deserve to be done
这辆自行车需要修一下。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
③Although it started to rain，the farmers went on working(work) in the field.
④He was afraid of being abandoned(abandon) by us.
3．作表语
动名词作表语时句子的主语常是表示无生命的事物的名词或what引导的名词性从句。表语动名词与主语通常是对等的关系，表示主语的内容，主语、表语可互换位置。
Your task is cleaning the windows.(Cleaning the windows is your task.)
你的任务就是擦窗户。
What I hate most is being laughed at.(Being laughed at is what I hate most.)
我最痛恨的就是被别人嘲笑。
4．作定语
动名词作定语往往表示被修饰词的某种用途。
a walking stick＝a stick for walking＝a stick which is used for walking
a washing machine＝a machine for washing＝a machine which is used for washing
a reading room＝a room for reading＝a room which is used for reading
sleeping pills＝pills for sleeping＝pills which are used for sleeping
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
⑤Their work is repairing(repair) solids control equipment.
⑥We have a playground，a swimming(swim) pool and two tennis courts.
二、动名词的逻辑主语
带有逻辑主语的动名词称为动名词的复合结构。当动名词的逻辑主语与句子的主语不一致时，要在动名词之前加上物主代词或名词所有格，这便构成了动名词的复合结构。其中物主代词(名词所有格)是逻辑上的主语，动名词是逻辑上的谓语。动名词复合结构在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等，分别相当于一个主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句。
Her coming to help encouraged all of us.她来帮忙鼓舞了我们。(＝That she came to help encouraged all of us.)
Jane's being careless caused so much trouble.简这么粗心惹来了不少麻烦。(＝That Jane was careless caused so much trouble.)
三、动名词的时态和语态

时态	主动语态	被动语态
一般时	writing	being written
完成时	having written	having been written

[名师点津]
其否定形式是在doing前加上not。
1．动名词一般时表示的动作通常是一般性动作，即不是明确地发生在过去、现在或将来的动作，或是与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的动作。
I hate talking with such people.
我讨厌与这样的人说话。
Being careless is not a good habit.
粗心不是一个好习惯。
2．动名词的完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词动作之前。
I don't remember having met him before.
我不记得以前见过他。
Thank you for having taken so much trouble to help.
谢谢你费力帮忙。
3．动名词的逻辑主语同时也是动名词动作的承受者，动名词用被动语态。
(1)它的一般时表示的动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，或在其前发生。
I appreciate being given this opportunity.
我很感谢给了我这个机会。
(2)它的完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词之前。
I am very pleased at your having been honoured with a medal.
我很高兴你能获得这样的奖牌。
(3)在某些时候，我们常用动名词的一般时表示完成时，尽管动作发生在谓语动词动作之前，这似乎是一种习惯。
Excuse me for being late.
我来晚了请你原谅。
[即学即练]——单句语法填空
⑦I'm sorry for not having kept(keep) my promise.
⑧He was afraid of being left(leave) at home.

Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．My sister insisted on going(go) to school in spite of her bad cough.
2．Most students hate being given(give) lessons on line.
3．You may drink，smoke，be overweight and still reduce your risk of dying (die)early by running.
4．I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking (look) directly into his eyes.
5．Travelling(travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.
6．I didn't mean to eat (eat)anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn't help trying it.
7．I still remember visiting (visit) a friend who'd lived here for five years.
8．Fast food is full of fat and salt；by eating (eat) more fast food people will get more salt.
9．But unlike her school friends，16yearold Sarah is not spending halfterm resting(rest)．
10．Ignoring(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst.
Ⅱ.短文语法填空
Every time I mention 1.taking(take) an exam at home，my parents can't help 2.predicting(predict) the result of the exam，at the risk of 3.ruining(ruin) the harmonious atmosphere.But it is difficult to avoid 4.talking(talk) the topic at home.Parents are busy 5.working(work) to support the family.They devote their heart and soul to 6.giving(give) us a comfortable home.Nowadays，parents and children have difficulty in 7.communicating(communicate) with each other.Experts suggest we should try 8.to have(have) a chat with them and achieve our 9.ambition(ambitious)．Otherwise，we would feel 10.guilty(guilt)．

		自动登录	找回密码
密码			立即注册