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Unit10Lesson3 Anne of Green Gables学案
1.adopt |əˈdɒpt| vi.&vt.收养，领养; 采取某种方法、政策、态度 adoption n.[C/U]收养[U]采用 adopted adj. 领养的 to adopt a child领养孩子 adopt a positive attitude
Paul’s mother had him ________(adopt) because she couldn't look after him herself.
Both parties need to adopt some rules in order to reach a win-win solution in a conflict.词意：
His ________(adopt) son paid a visit to him frequently when he lived in the countryside.
adapt |əˈdæpt| vt. ~ sth (for sth) 使适应，使适合（新用途、新情况）
Most of these tools have been specially adapted ____ use by disabled people.
~ (yourself) (to sth) 适应（新情况）= adjust
We have had to adapt quickly ____ the new system. 我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
It took him a while ________(adapt) himself to his new surroundings.
~ sth (for sth) (from sth) 改编；改写
So far, three of her novels ________________________(adapt) for television.
- freeze |fri:z| vi.&vt. (froze;frozen) (使)结冰，（使）冻结; 呆住；突然停止
- freeze to death冻死 freeze up完全冻住；(态度)变得非常冷淡
- freezing adj.山.极冷的；冰点以下的n.冰点 freezing point冰点；凝固点above/below freezing在冰点以上/以下 frozen adj.冷冻的；冰封的；冻硬的 freezer n.冰箱；冷冻柜
Water freezes at 0˚C.水在0摄氏度时结冰。(表特征，性质，主动形式表达被动含义)
The cold weather had frozen the ground.
The child froze at the sight of the snake.这孩子一看到这条蛇就吓呆了。
用 freeze 的适当形式填空
I feel ________ cold in such ________ weather, and I’m half ________.
When water ________, the temperature falls below the ________.
In the refrigerator, there is some _________meat.
3. amazement n.吃惊，惊奇in amazement 惊讶地to one’s amazement 使某人惊讶的是…
The two detectives stared at him____amazement.两位侦探惊讶地瞧着他。
____ her amazement, he accepted her decision.
It amazes sb that/how/what...令某人惊讶… What amazes sb is that...让某人感到惊讶的是…
What amazes me is _____ she managed to hide it from us for so long.
- amazing adj.令人吃惊的；惊人的amazed adj.惊讶的
- be amazed to see/find/discover sth惊奇地看见/发现某物 feel/be amazed at/by.…对…感到吃惊
联想拓展：“in+ n.” 构成的常用短语：in delight高兴地 in despair绝望地 in silence沉默
in vain徒劳in danger有危险in trouble有困难in debt负债in need生活有困难in advance
提前in return作为回报in detail详细地in peace和平地in fact实际上in particular特别
4. burst ①vi.&vt.(burst,burst) (使)破裂；(使)爆炸；(使)爆裂：突然出现；爆满
burst in/burst into a room闯进；突然破门而入 be bursting with..充满…
A dam burst and flooded the villages.大坝溃决，淹没了村庄。
The hall is bursting with joy and happiness.大厅中洋溢着喜悦和幸福的氛围。
The roads are bursting with cars. 车辆把那些道路挤满了。
burst into sth 突然爆发 She burst into tears (= suddenly began to cry) . 她突然大哭起来。
burst out 突然开始（做某事） Karen burst out laughing . 卡伦突然大笑起来。
②n.破裂：爆炸；突然用力；加速 a burst of突然一下；一阵a burst of applause一阵喝彩声
With a burst of speed she overtook the leading runner and won the race.她突然加速，超越了领先的赛跑运动员，赢得了这场比赛。
Hearing the funny speech given by the famous professor, all of us burst _______ laughing.
5. dare v.敢于；胆敢
①dare用作情态动词时，主要用于疑问句、否定句和条件句中，没有人称和数的变化，后面跟动词原形，其否定式为dare not或daren’t。
How dare you accuse me of lying! 你竞敢指责我撒谎！
They dare not play a joke on him in case he becomes angry.他们不敢对他开玩笑，怕他发火。
I dare say you know about it already. 你大概已经知道了。（我想；很可能；大概）
②dare实义动词，有人称、数和时态的变化，常dare to do sth, 在否定句和疑问句中, to可以省略。
So, let your imagination run wild, and dare to dream.所以，充分发挥你的想象力，敢于去梦想。
Does anyone dare to have a try?有谁敢试一下吗？
He was standing there with his head bowed and didn’t dare to say anything.他什么也不敢说。
- dare n.激将；挑战 He climbed onto the roof for a dare.他受到激将才爬上房项。
6.proceed |prəˈsi:d| vi.vt.①继续进行，继续做；前进，行进proceed to.去往/前往（某地）
proceed from.从…出发；由…产生，起因于… proceed with sth继续做某事
The marchers proceeded slowly along the street.游行者沿着街道缓缓行进。
Passengers for Shanghai should proceed to Gate 32 for boarding.前往上海的旅客，请到32登机口登机。
Wrong opinions often proceed ______ lack of information.错误的看法往往产生于不了解情况。
I don’t want to interfere with you; proceed with your work.我不想打扰你了，继续工作吧。
②vt.接着做；继而做 proceed to do sth接着做某事=go on
He outlined his plans and then proceeded ____________(explain) them in more detail.
7. reveal vt.揭示，揭露；展现，显露 reveal...as/to be显示…为…
reveal...to..向…透露/揭示… reveal that/wh-从句.揭露/透露… It was revealed that…据透露…
Details of the serious accident were revealed by the local paper.地方报纸披露了此次重大事故的细节。
These letters revealed him _____ an honest man.
She would not reveal her secret ___ anyone else except her mother.
The official wouldn’t reveal ______ decisions had been reached.
He laughed, ____________(reveal) a line of white teeth.
revelation启示；揭露；被暴露的真相
The revelation of his past led to his resignation.对他过去的揭露导致了他的辞职。
- investigate |ɪnˈvestɪgeɪt| vi.&vt.查明，调查，研究investigate sb for sth为某事调查某人
- investigation n.调查under investigation正在调查中 investigator n.调查者；侦查员
They investigated the market for sales of a product.他们针对某产品的销售量进行了市场调查。
investigate thoroughly彻底调查
The ____________(investigate) was carried out under the direction of a senior police.
This is not the first time that he ______________(investigate) by the police for breaking the rules.
9. bare adj.空的，无装饰的；赤裸的，裸露的；贫瘠的，荒芜的：仅有的，最基本的 lay bare暴露；揭露with one’s bare hands徒手地，赤手空拳地 bare feet赤脚 bare branches光秃秃的树枝 bare facts简单明了的事实bare room没有或只有几件家具的房间
barely adv.勉强才能；几乎不；刚刚；仅仅
I had barely started speaking when he interrupted me.我刚开始讲话，他便打断了我。
barely… when…= hardly… when… = no sooner …than… 一…就…
Barely had I started speaking ________ he interrupted me.
10. dive vi.&n.①vi.扑向，急冲进；跳水，潜水；潜心钻研diving board跳板 diving suit潜水衣dive into(头朝下)跳入；一心投入；迅速伸入 go diving(戴呼吸装备)潜水 diver n.跳水员，潜水者
dive into the study潜心钻研dive to the bottom创根问底
The eagle dived straight at the field mouse.那只鹰径直向田鼠扑下去。
___________(dive) into her bag, she found a handkerchief just in time.
When you’re done, throw it away and dive ____ your new assignment.
②n.潜水；跳水take a dive暴跌，突然下降 make a dive for向猛冲；冲过去拿
课文知识点讲解
1. You would cry, too, if you were an orphan and had come to a place you thought was going to be home and found that they didn’t want you because you weren’t a boy.
if条件句有真实条件句与非真实条件句(或称虚拟条件句)两种。真实条件句所表的假设是可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句都用陈述语气。如：
If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will go for a picnic.假若明天不下雨，我就去野餐。
Oil floats if you pour it on water. 你如把油倒在水里，油就浮起来。
if虚拟条件句所表的假设则是不可能或不大可能发生或实现的，句中的条件从句与结果主句皆须用虚拟语气。
①. 与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式 (be的过去式用were), 主句的谓语用should (would, might, could)+动词原形。
If it were not raining, we should go for a picnic.如果现在不下雨的话，我们就出去野餐了。
（事实是：天在下雨，我们不能出去野餐。表示愿望。）
If he came here, he might be able to help you.如果他来这，他就能够帮助你了。
（事实是：他没来这，他不可能帮助你。表示对他的良好印象。）
②. 与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用had+过去分词，主句的谓语用should (would, might, could) + have ＋过去分词。
She would have gone to the party if she had been invited.要是当初她被邀请的话，她就会去参加这次聚会了。(事实是：当时没有人邀请她，因此，她没有来参加聚会。表示后悔。)
If she hadn’t called me, I would have overslept this morning. 今天早上，她要是不叫我的话，我就会睡过头了。（事实是：她今天早上叫我了，我没有睡过头。表示感激。）
③. 与将来事实可能相反的虚拟条件句，条件从句的谓语用动词的过去式(be的过去式用were)； should＋动词原形；were to＋动词原形，主句用should （would, might， could）+动词原形。
If I were to be twenty years old next year, I would take the course of French.
明年我要是二十岁，我就会学法语。（事实是：我现在已经老了，明年我学不了法语了。）
If it should fail, I would try again.要是失败了，我会再试一次。（事实是：有可能失败，可我会再试。表示未知。）
NOTE：使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点：
有的时候虚拟条件句并不是以标准的形式呈现出来，而是以特殊的变形出现，这个时候就需要我们掌握这些特殊情况，准确判断出虚拟条件句。
变形一：倒装虚拟句 （省略 if，把were ,had, should 提到句首，变为倒装句式）
If you had come earlier, you would have met him. = Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
If I were to have enough money, I would buy a book. = Were I to have enough money, I would buy a book.
If I should have enough money, I would buy a book. =Should I have enough money, I would buy a book.
变形二：错综时间虚拟句当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，被称为：错综时间条件句“，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整．
If you had followed my advice, you would be better now.如果你过去听我的建议，你现在就会痊愈了．
He would pass the test if he had taken my advice.如果他过去听了我的劝告，他现在会通过考试。
If I had spoken to him yesterday, I should know what to do now.假如昨天我对他说了，现在我就知道该怎么办了。
You would be much better now if you had taken my advice.假如你当初接受了我的意见，你现在就会好得多。
变形三：含蓄虚拟句 虚拟条件句中的条件从句有时不表出来，只暗含在上下文中，这种句子叫做含蓄条件句。含蓄条件句大体有三种情况。
1) 条件暗含在短语中。
But for your help we couldn’t have succeeded in the experiment. 如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。(暗含在分词短词but for your help)
What would I have done without you? 如没有你，我会怎么办？(条件暗含在介词短语without you 中)
It would be easier to do it this way. 这样做会比较容易。(条件暗含在不定式短语 to do it this way中)
He must have the strength of a hippopotamus, or/otherwise he never could have vanquished that
great beast. 他一定是力大如河马，否则他绝不会击败那只庞大的野兽。(暗含条件是连词
or/otherwise)
Alone, he would have been terrified. 如是单独一人，他是会感到害怕的。(暗含条件是alone)
2) 条件暗含在上下文中。
You might stay here forever. 你可以永远待在这儿。(可能暗含if you wanted to)
We would have succeeded. 我们本来是会成功的。(可能暗含if we had kept trying)
Your reputation would be ruined. 你的名誉会败坏的。(可能暗含 if you should accept it)
3) 在不少情况下，虚拟式已变成习惯说法，很难找出其暗含的条件。
You wouldn’t know. 你不会知道。 I would like to come. 我愿意来。
2. I might have expected it.
情态动词+have done结构
一、表示对过去情况的推测或估计
结构
| 所用的句式
| 意义
| must have done
| 肯定句
| 一定(已经)……
| may/ might have done
| 肯定句
| 可能(已经)……
| | 否定句
| 可能还没有……
| can/ could have done
| 否定句
| 不可能(已经)……
| | 疑问句
| 可能(已经)……了吗？
|
说明：
1. might/ could有时并不是may/ can的过去式，而是表示一种委婉的语气或更小的可能性。
2. might have done有时可用于疑问句中，此时might就相当于can/ could。
二、表示对过去所发生的事情的遗憾或责备（虚拟）
结构
| 所用的句式
| 意义
| should/ ought to have done
| 肯定句、否定句、疑问句
| 本来(不)应该……的
| might/ could have done
| 肯定句
| 本来能够/可以……的
| need have done
| 否定句
| 本不必要……的
|
说明：
1. might have done有时可表示对过去发生事情的庆幸，意为“差点儿……”。
Didn’t you see that car nearly hit me? I might have been killed.
2. 要注意needn’t have done与didn’t need to do 意义的差别。
He needn’t have come. 他本没有必要来。(实际却来了)
He didn’t need to come. 他没有必要来。(实际也没来)
【练习】
①. He ____(not finish) the composition yesterday because I asked him to do it only this morning.
②. Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt that he ____________ (express) it differently.
③. The basketball player is not good with words and he _______________(call in) a ghostwriter (代笔者) for his newly-published autobiography (自传).
④.Often, when he _________ (do) something useful, he wasted his time playing computer games.
⑤Actually you _______________ (not bring) the dictionary here. You are not allowed to use it.
⑥But for their help, we _______________ (not finish) the program in time.
3.Tobed went Mathew. 完全倒装
句子主语通常是在谓语之前，这种语序称为自然语序，也叫正常语序。若谓语动词在主语之前，这种语序称为倒装语序。谓语动词全部置于主语前的，叫完全倒装，只有一部分（通常是助动词，情态动词或be动词）置于主语前面的，叫部分倒装。如：
She is a nice girl.（正常语序）她是一个好女孩。 Is she a nice girl？（倒装语序）她是一个好女孩吗？Only in this way can you make it.(倒装语序)只有这样你才能成功。
完全倒装：即将谓语动词的全部置于主语之前。常见用法：
①. There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替be动词的动词有:exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, stand等。如:
There stood a dog before him. There exist different opinions on this question.
②. 在以here、there、now、then等副词开头的句子里。谓语动词常用come, go, be, lie, run等。“Here, There, Now, Then + come (或be,go,lie,run) + 主语”结构。以here，there等引导的句子中，谓语动词常为be，come，go等，且时态为一般现在时。
Here comes the old lady!
Then came the hour we had been looking forward to.
There comes the bus. Now is your turn.
注意 上述完全倒装句子中主语若为人称代词，应放在在动词前，不用倒装
Here comes Mr. Lee. →Here he comes.
Away went the students. →Away they went.
③. 表示方向的副词out, in, up, down等置于句首,要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称代词,就不用倒装。如: In came Mr. White.
Up went the arrow into the air. Away went the boy.
④. 当表示地点的介词词组(如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)在句首时。
At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.
The soldiers ran to the building, on the top of which flew a flag.
East of the lake lie two towns.
Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier.
⑤.“表语+连系动词+主语”结构的倒装
表语置于句首时，倒装结构为“表语＋连系动词＋主语”。有以下几种形式：
形容词+连系动词+主语
Present at the meeting were Professor White，Professor Smith and many other guests.
过去分词+连系动词+主语
Gone are thedays when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.
Among the goods are Christmas trees，flowers，candles and toys.
练习：
Next door to ours (live) a black couple, who seem to have settled in this community for quite a long time.
On the top of the hill (stand) a temple where the old man once lived.
John opened the door. There ______(stand) a girl he had never seen before.
4.with复合结构
在with的复合结构中，即“with+宾语+宾补”，在句中可做状语，表示伴随、方式、原因、条件、时间等。若with的宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的主动关系，则宾补用动词-ing形式；若with的宾语与宾补之间为逻辑上的被动关系，则宾补用动词-ed形式：若表示即将发生的动作，则宾补用to do形式。
with复合结构也是一种独立主格结构，用法同独立主格结构。主要有以下两种情况：
| with+宾语+分词/不定式
with+宾语+doing表主动，进行
with+宾语+done表被动，完成
with+宾语+to do表将来
| With the boy leading the way, we had no difficulty in finding the address.
The thief was brought to the front with his hand tied behind.
With nothing to do, he went out for a walk.
| with+宾语+形容词/副词/介词短语
| He fell asleep with the windows open.
He came into the room, with his dog out.
He came out of the library, with a large book under his arm.
|
- The murderer was brought in, with his hands _______(tie) behind his back.
- With a meeting ______________ (have)tomorrow, the president is busy preparing his report.
- With the machine ________(work) all the time, we finished harvesting crops in time.
- He lied on the chair , with his face ________ (cover) by a newspaper .
/ He lied on the chair , with a newspaper ________ (cover) his face.
- With the teacher_________( stand) beside，she felt a bit uneasy .
- With the report_________( complete), she felt greatly relieved.
- The cat ________ its head on the phone is sleeping sound.
8. I couldn’t focus on my study with the noise_________( go) on .
9.With so many books ________( read), I can’t spare a minute.
10.Festivals are becoming more and more commercial，with businesses _________(take) advantage of the celebrations .
11. The stranger wandered about the street, with his eyes________(look) at the sky.
12. The old man kept his eyes __________ (fix) on the picture for quite some time.
13. The girl felt upset, with tears ________(come) down.
14.China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries __________(recognize) its role in international affairs.
5. There is no need to cry so about it.
There is no need (for sb) to do sth. 做~~没必要
There is no use/good (in) doing sth. 做~~没有用
There is no sense/point (in) doing sth. 做~~没意义
There is no doing sth. 不可能做~~
There is no difficulty/trouble in doing sth. 做~~没困难
There is no chance/possibility of doing sth 做~~没有可能
I’m quite satisfied with your explanation, so there’s no need ______ (expand) on it.
There is no good _________(complain) they never listen.
- Last year, a gold medal ________(award) to Johnson for his outstanding contribution to education.
- He was so absorbed in the games that his eyes ________(glue) to the screen.
- Steam engines _____________(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been fairly unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.
- Everything _____________(get) ready by the time they arrived.
- The boy ____________(notice) stealing a bike by the police, so he was taken to the police station.
- This issue _____________ (discuss) at this moment yesterday by the company's managers.
- What little money he did have _____________(spend)on a record selected with extreme care which became, to his way of thinking, a possession close to his heart.
书面表达范文：背诵积累，限时测考
My experiences with sports
Sports play an important part in our daily life. As for me, I've had different sports experiences, which contribute to what I am today(非限制性定语从句,what 引导宾语从句).
My passion for basketball was from James Harden. It was his graceful moves and jumps that motivated me to play basketball(强调句). I miss the days when I played basketball with my teammates(定语从句). Training and matches shape me to be more persistent and wiser. Another sport is swimming, which helps me stay healthy and in shape(非限制性定语从句). I've been swimming for years. Every time I finish swimming, I feel refreshed and energetic.
All in all, my experiences with sports have aroused my potential and greatly impacted my life in many ways.
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发表于 2025-9-22 04:19:05