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- ...their bodies started to warm up on their own!
他们的身体开始自行回暖！
【warm up】 是暖和，变暖和
Eg：The weather had warmed up.
- A person’s life is limited but serving the people is limitless. I want to devote my limited life to serving the people limitlessly.
人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的，我要把有限的生命投入到无限的为人民服务之中去。
---------《雷锋日记》
Lesson l- Dr. Sun Qiang, director of the research team, said they had been wholly devoted to the research and had been taking care of more than 1000 monkeys 24 hours a day, 7 days a week for more than 5 years.
研究小组的负责人孙强博士说，他们全身心地投入到研究中，5年多来每周7天，每天24小时照看1000多只猴子。
devote to 全身心地投入
She devoted herself to the study of psychology.
He devoted all his time to writing his novel.
- These make up nerve cells, which are connected by electrical impulses.
这些（脑细胞）构成了神经细胞，神经细胞由电脉冲连接起来。
make up 形成，构成。
Eg：Women make up 56% of the student numbers.
女生占学生人数的56%。
make full use of 充分利用
make good use of 充分利用，很好地使用
make a living 谋生
Eg：Now they can make full / good use of their wisdom and talent.
I'llmakefulluseofour library to arm myself with much knowledge next semester.
下学期，我将充分利用图书馆来充实自己的知识。
He is prepared to make a living by accepting any remunerative chore.
为了生计，他准备接受任何有报酬的杂活。
- If your brain has the correct fuel, it can work at its best.
如果你的大脑能获得正确的养料，它就能保持最佳工作状态。
【at one’s best】 处在最佳状态
Eg：The most rewarding result of doing work is that I get to know when and where to be at my best.
The peach blossoms are at their at their best now. 桃花正在盛开。
- One thing you can do is to cut down on junk food.
【cut down (on sth.)】 削减，缩小（尺寸，数量，数目）
Eg：The doctor told him to cut down on his drinking.
- Each disease can only officially be classified as an epidemic once a certain number of death have occurred from the disease.
只有致死病例达到一定数量，某种疾病才会被正式定性为流行病。
【classify... as】将......归类为；将......界定为
Eg: Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.
- Families who had only just got through the war now had to bury their loved ones who had died of disease.
get through 度过，熬过（困难或不快的时期）
get hold of 把握，抓住，得到
get out 离开，泄露，出版
get over 从......中恢复过来
Eg：It is hard to see how people will get through the winter.
难以想象人们将怎样熬过这个冬天。
The rush to get hold of their father’s money seemed positively indecent.
他们争夺父亲的财产，实在是丧尽天良。
He was disappointed at not getting the job, but he’ll get over it.
基本构成：have/has +V-ed
Eg：I have enjoyed working in this job.
She has thought about it for a long time.
They have all agreed that it is the best course of a action.
用法意义：
- 表示过去发生并完成的动作对现在产生的结果或影响；常与already，yet，just，so far，up to，till，until等连用。
Eg: The manager has just left. If only you had come a moment earlier.
We have finished all the work so far.
- 表示从过去开始一直持续到现在，且还可能继续的动作或状态，这种用法常与表示一段时间的状语，如“since+时间点/从句”，“for+时间段”，so far，in the past/last few years等连用。
Eg: I have worked in this company since I graduated.
He has studied German for 6 years.
I have traveled to most of the cities in China since five years ago.
- 表示“经历过的事”，此时常表示“曾经做过”，这种过去经历或体验仍对现在产生的影响，难以忘怀，常与never，ever，twice，before，since等时状语连用。
Eg: I have read many works by David Henry Lawrence before.
I have never read such a good novel as The Old Man and the Sea.
Eg：I’ll go home as soon as I’ve had the bicycle mended.
Don’t get off the bus until it has stopped. ( 车没停稳不要下去）
We’ll start at five o’clock if it has stopped raining by then.
【练习】
- So far,the moon by man already.
A. has been visited B.is visited C.will be visited D.was visited
2. The reports went missing in 2012 and nobody them since.
A.sees B.saw C.has seen D.had seen
- Shakespeare's play Hamlet into at least ten different films over the past years.
- had been made B. was made C.has been made D.would be made
- Up to now, the program thousands of children who would otherwise have died.
- would save B.saves C.had saved D.has saved
- Two nuclear power stations in the past ten years.
- are built B. have been built C.would be built D.are building
- The opera for several minutes.
- had just been on B. has just been on C.had just begun D.has just begun
- It three years since I reached a turning point(转折点）which completely changed my outlook on life.
- has been B.has C.was D.will be
- It's not the first time Beijing this year.
- that you've visited B.that you visited
C. when you've visited D.when you visited
基本构成：have/has been + V-ing
Eg：Gardeners have been using a form of cloning when they take a cutting from a plant and place it in a suitable medium.
She has been waiting for an hour.
意义用法：
（1）表示一个持续到现在的动作；现在完成进行时表示动作从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在或离现在不远的时间，该动作可能仍在进行，也可能已停止。
Eg：I have been fixing the fridge all this morning.
Have you been waiting long for me?
It has been raining since Tuesday.
（2）表示动作的重复；有时现在完成进行时所表示的动作并不是一直在不停地进行，而是在断断续续地重复。
Eg：You’ve been saying you can succeed for five years. (五年来你一直在说自己能成功）
I have been visiting some cities of China this month. (这个月我在访问中国地几个城市。）
- 表示近来发生地动作，一般不再继续。此时常通过上下文语境判断。
Eg：My hands are dirty. I’ve been painting the door. (我的手很脏，我一直在漆门）
- 感情色彩：现在完成进行时有时带有强烈的表扬或厌恶等感情色彩。
Eg：Tom has been helping me today. Tom 今天一直在帮我。（表扬）
You know，you really have been making things terribly difficult for me. (厌恶）
【练习】
- In order to find the missing child, villagers all they can over the past five hours.
- did B.do C.had done D.have been doing
- －Why,Jack,you look so tired!
－Well,I the house and I must finish the work tomorrow.
- was painting B. will be painting C.have painted D.have been painting
- I'm tired out. I all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.
- shopped B.have shopped C.had shopped D.have been shopping
- －We've spent too much money recently.
－ Well, it isn't surprising. Our friends and relatives around all the time.
A. are coming B.had come C.were coming D.have been coming
- Excuse me,Marcia,a reporter from Vanity Fair all day. Could you speak to her now?
A.phones B.has phoned C. has been phoning D.phoned
基本构成：had +V-ed
Eg：We had visited the country when we were children.
I had played tennis in that club for over a decade.
She had gone to the cinema when I called.
用法意义：
- 表示发生在过去的某一时刻之前且已完成的动作，这种用法中这个过去的时刻常用by，before等构成的介词短语或时间状语从句来表示，也可以通过表示过去的动作或上下文来表示。
Eg：Jane had left before I arrived.
I had just finished half of the work by yesterday.
She already knew the secret but no one had told her.
- 表示在过去某一时间点之前发生且已经持续了一段时间的动作或状态，这种用法常与for/since/before等引导的表示过去的时间状语连用，也可以通过上下文的情景来判断。
Eg：My parents had lived in this city long before 1990.
We arrived at six o’clock, but the concert had been on for an hour.
Eg：Barbara told me that she had already met Lisa before.
The rules that had been laid down years before lost their effect last year. ( 几年前就制定的规则去年失效了。）
I found the key that I had lost.
【练习】
- I found the lecture hard to follow because it when I arrived.
A. Started B. was starting C.would start D.had started
- He more than 5,000 English words when he entered the university at the age of 15.
- has learned B.would have learned C.learned D.had learned
- By the end of last week,my brother about 30 new words.
- learned B.had learned C.was learning D.learns
- By the time Jack returned home from England,his son from college.
- graduated B.has graduated C.was graduating D.had graduated
- Experiments of this kind in both the US and Europe well before the Second World War.
- have conducted B.have been conducted
- had conducted D.had been conducted
基本构成：had been + V-ing
Eg：He said they had been doing experiments on goats for the past two years.
Dave had been driving for an hour when his car broke down.
用法意义：
（要求学生自行总结）
【综合练习】1.-Is Peter coming?
－No,he _______his mind after a phone call at the last minute.
A.changes B.changed C.was changing D.had changed
2.-Did you enjoy the party?
－Yes.We _______ well by our hosts.
A. were treated B.would be treated C.treated D.had treated
3. In the last few years,China _______ great achievements in environmental protection.
A.has made B.had made C.was making D.is making
4.Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement _______ so far by the two sides.
A.has been reached B.was reached C.will reach D.will have reached
5. He will come to call on you the moment he _______ his work.
A.will finish B. finishes C.had finished D. finished
6. Jane can't attend the meeting at 3 o'clock this afternoon because she _______ a class at that time.
A. will teach B.would teach C.has taught D.will be teaching
7. - Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.
－All right.I _______ him later.
A.will call B.have called C.call D.will be calling
8. It's a custom in China to have some tea or other drinks before the meal _______ .
A.serves B.served C.is served D.to be served
9. -Remember the first time we met, Jim? －Of course I do.You _______ in the library.
A. were reading B.had read C.have read D.are reading
10. So far I _______ any success. However, I'll keep trying.
A.don't have B. didn't have C.haven't had D.won't have
11.Tom _______ in the company since he left school in 2000.
A. Works B.has worked C.worked D.will work
12.My aunt Mary _______ a lot over these years. She used to be a little fat, but now she is very slim.
A.changes B.changed C.was changing D.has changed
13.They became friends again that day. Until then, they _______ to each other for nearly two years.
A. didn't speak B.hadn't spoken C.haven't spoken D.haven't been speaking
14.I _______ down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road.
A.was driving B.have driven C.would drive D.drove
15. China's high-speed railways _______ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.
A. are growing B.have grown C.will grow D.had grown
16.-How can I apply for an online course? － Just fill out this form and we _______ what we can do for you..
A.see B. are seeing C.have seen D. will see
17. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances _______in the past years.
A.discovered B.have discovered
C.had been discovered D.have been discovered
18.I _______in London for many years, but I've never regretted my final decision to move back to China.
A. Lived B. was living C.have lived D.had lived
19.When you arrive, I _______in reception for you.
A.wait B.am waiting C.am going to wait D.will be waiting
20.-I have got a headache. －No wonder.You _______in front of that computer too long.
A.work B. are working C.have been working D.worked
【参考答案】1-5 BAAAB 6-10 DACAC 11-15 BDBAB 16-20 DDADC
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发表于 2025-9-22 03:20:34