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UNIT-7 Art
Lesson-1 Masterpieces导学案
- 本课语法——名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句）
一、主语从句的用法
在句中起主语作用的从句称为主语从句。引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类：从属连词that, whether, if；连接代词what, who, whose, whatever, whichever, whoever等；连接副词when, where, why, how。
1. that引导的主语从句
that为从属连词，引导主语从句时，常用it作形式主语，此时that不充当任何成分，无词义，只起引导作用，一般不省略，表示确定的陈述，位于从句句首。
That he will succeed is certain.=It is certain that he will succeed.
常用it作形式主语的句型有：
(1)It+be+形容词(possible/likely/obvious/necessary/important/natural/wonderful/surprising,etc)+that从句
It’s natural that a student feel stressed before an exam. (That a student feel stressed before an exam is natural.)
(2)It+be+过去分词(said/reported/thought/expected/decided/announced/arranged,etc)+that从句
It’s said that the concert will be put off. (The concert is said to be put off)
(3)It+seem/happen/turn out/occur to/matter等不及物动词及其短语+that从句
It seems that he has set out early. (He seems to have set out early.)
It happened that I was on the spot. (碰巧的是我正好在现场。)
It occurred (to me) that I could turned to the teacher for help. (我突然想到我可以向老师求助。)
It turned out that all the crops had been destroyed by the insects. (结果所有的庄稼都被害虫毁坏了。)
(4)It+be+名词词组(no wonder/no surprise/an honor/a pity/a shame/a good thing,etc)+that从句
It is no surprise that he has won first because he has been working hard. (他之所以赢得第一名并不奇怪，因为他一直在努力。)
2. whether/if引导的主语从句
whether引导的主语从句既可放在句首，也可放在句尾；if引导的主语从句只能放在句尾，前面需要用it作形式主语。whether/if起连接作用，译成“是否”，在从句中不作成分，只起引导作用，不能省略，表示不确定的陈述。
Whether he will come is not certain. =It is not certain if/whether he will come.
3. 疑问词或连接词引导的主语从句
疑问词或连接词为代词或副词，充当成分，有词义，在句中不省略，但从句采用陈述句语序。
Where she will teach isn’t clear. (It isn’t clear where she will teach).
4. 如何判断形式主语it是否代替主语从句
解题时可用“还原法”，即把从句调到句首，去掉句首的It，再加上句子剩余成分。如果新句子意思不变,合乎逻辑，则该从句为主语从句，否则为其他从句或结构。如：
It’s no surprise that our team has won the game. 我们队赢了这场比赛并不奇怪。
按“还原法”该句可改为：That our team has won the game is no surprise.改后新句子意思不变、通顺且合乎逻辑，故可判断原句中it作形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句。
二、宾语从句的用法
1. that引导的宾语从句
that为从属连词，引导宾语从句时，不充当任何成分，无词义，只起引导作用，常可省略。
I suppose (that) he will give away all his money to the charity. 我想他会把所有的钱都捐给慈善机构。
2. whether/if引导的宾语从句
whether/if为从属连词，不充当任何成分，有词义，只起引导作用，但不能省略。
The team hasn’t decided whether they will take part in the race. 这个队还没有决定他们是否会参加比赛。
注意：whether与if意为“是否”时，引导名词性从句时的区别：
①与or或or not连用时，只能用whether。
Can you tell me whether he will accept the suggestion or not？你能告诉我他是否会接受这个建议？
②与不定式连用时，只能用whether。
He couldn’t decide whether to leave tomorrow. 他不能决定明天是否离开。
③作介词宾语时，只能用whether。
It all depends on whether it will be fine the day after tommorow. 这完全依赖于后天的天气是否晴朗。
3. 疑问词或连接词引导的宾语从句
疑问词或连接词为代词或副词，充当成分，有词义，不能省略。
I wanted to know why he turned down my help. 我想知道他为什么拒绝我的帮助。
4. 宾语从句的常考点：
(1)时态：主过去，从过去；主现在，从所需。但客观事实、科学真理、原理、公理、定理、规则、法则、谚语、自然现象和生活常识等不受此限制，常用一般现在时。
They said they were having a meeting at that time. 他们说他们那时候正在开会。
The teacher told us that the earth turns around the sun. 老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。
(2)动词find, feel, think, consider, make, believe, guess, suppose, assume等后有宾语补足语时，需要用it作形式宾语，而将宾语从句后置。有些动词(短语)，如hate, like, take, owe, have, take...for granted，带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加it。
I think it necessary that we drink plenty of boiled water every day. 我认为我们每天喝大量开水是有必要的。
I hate it when they talk with their mouths full of food. 我讨厌他们满嘴食物时说话。
三、表语从句的用法
1. that引导的表语从句
that为从属连词，不充当任何成分，无词义，只起引导作用，一般不省略。
My advice is that we should stay there for another two days. 我的建议是我们在那儿再待两天。
2. whether引导的表语从句
whether为从属连词，不充当任何成分，有词义，只起引导作用。
The question is whether we should receive the news on time. 问题是我们是否应该按时收到消息。
3. 疑问词或连接词引导的表语从句
疑问词或连接词为代词或副词，充当成分，有词义。
That’s how they got in touch with the former classmates. 他们就是这样和以前的同学取得联系的。
The reason why we gave up the plan was that we lacked money. 我们放弃这个计划的原因是我们缺乏资金。(此处that不可用because)
例1：(2018·安徽安庆一中三模)__________ I enjoyed most is that whatever I learned in class, I would use it outside to communicate with people.
例2：(2017·山东师大附中高三上三模)One day he decided to show them ________ he meant.
例3：(2016·福建安溪模拟改编)Success partially depends on __________ you have the patience to do simple things perfectly.
例4：(2016·湖南岳阳一中检测)Mr White is opposed to repairing the old building, and that’s __________ I don’t agree.
例5：(2016·福建福州二模改编)The problem is __________ one less hour of sleep is not equal to an extra hour of achievement.
- sense of... _______________
- mysterious _______________
一．单项选择（共5小题）
1．He studied hard and later became a well-known writer, which was ______ his father had expected.
A．why B．how C．that D．what
2．That is ___________ I was born and grew up.
A．there B．when C．where D．the place
3．__________he will go to work in a mountain village surprises all of us.
A．What B．That C．Whether D．If
4．The teacher decided to give the task to ____________ had a strong sense of duty.
A．whomever B．whoever C．who D．whichever
5．They have leading experts in this field, and that’s ____________ they’ve solved this problem successfully.
A．where B．why C．whether D．who
二. 语法填空
One of the most important discoveries during this period was how 1． (draw) things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they 2．(convince) that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. 3．coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colors used in paintings look 4．(rich) and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for 5．this period is famous.
In 6．late 19th century, Europe changed a lot, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly 7．(industry) one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. 8．(nature), these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who 9．(break) away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists 10． (live) and working in Paris.
答案：
小试牛刀：what, what, weather, where, that
达标检测：
单项选择 DCBBB
语法填空
- to draw 2.were convinced 3.by 4.richer 5.which
6. the 7.industrial 8.naturally 9.broke 10.living
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发表于 2025-9-20 04:51:49