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专题04 Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson 3 Internet and friendships
精品导学案(原卷版)
导学案目录
1
| U4 Lesson 3重难点讲解
| 2
| U4 Lesson 3能力提升A卷
| 3
| U4 Lesson 3能力提升B卷
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【重难点讲解】
1. harm
【教材语境】P14 》 Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendships?
【例句展示】
1. He would never harm anyone.
2. He may look fierce, but he means no harm.
3. Hard work never did anyone any harm.
4. The treatment they gave him did him more harm than good.
5. He may say no, but there's no harm in asking.
【用法总结】
harm vt伤害，损害
harm n伤害，损害
harmful adj 有害的
harmless adj 无害的
do harm to sb= do sb harm 对某人有害
do more good than harm 利大于弊
mean no harm 没有恶意
There is no harm in doing… 做……无妨
be harmful to… 对……有害
【即时训练】 用上述单词填空
1. The accident could have been much worse; luckily no harm __________________(do).
2. All dogs are capable of doing harm ______________ human beings.
3. There's no harm __________________(stay) up late occasionally.
4. People often think of gossipers(说闲话的人) as __________________(harm), but cruel lies can cause pain.
【答案】
2.content
【教材语境】P15》In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.
【例句展示】
1. Fire has caused severe damage to the contents of the building.
2. He mentioned a kind of food with a high fat content
3. Martina contented herself with a bowl of soup.
4. He had to be content with third place.
【用法总结】
content n内容；目录；容纳的东西
content adj满足的，满意的，甘愿的
content vt 使满意，使满足
be content with sth 对……满足
be content to do sth 愿意做某事
content oneself with 满足于
【即学即练】
1. I am content _______________(admire) the mountains from below.
2. I'm perfectly content _______________ the way the campaign has gone.
3. She hadn't read the letter and so was unaware of its _______________(content).
【答案】
3. basis
【教材语境】P15》 Friendships are built on the basis of trust.
【例句展示】
1. She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualifications.
2. After May 19, strikes were occurring on a daily basis.
3. There was a bike path running along this side of the wall, right at its base.
4. They decided to base the new company in York.
5. The movie is based on a real-life incident.
【用法总结】
base vt以……为基础；把基地设在
base n 根基，底部；基础（指具体的“地基、根基、底座”或抽象的“基础、原则”）
basis n基础；基点（指抽象的“基础、基点”，多用于固定词组中）
basic adj 重要的，基本的；最简单的
basically adv 基本上，大体上；从根本上说
on the basis of 以……为基础；根据
on a daily/day-to-day/weekly basis 按每天╱每日╱每周一次的标准
base…on…基于，以……为根据；在……基础上
be based on （以某事）为基础，为根据
【即学即练】
1. The report _____________(base) on figures from six different European cities.
2. We're going to be meeting there _____________ a regular basis.
3. A good parent-children relationship should be set up on the _____________(base) of mutual understanding.
4. _____________(base) an important decision more on emotion than on reason, you will regret it sooner or later.
【答案】
4. 强调句型
【教材语境】P15》It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships.
一、强调句型陈述句式
“It is/was+被强调部分+that/who+其他”构成强调句型基本句式，也是陈述句式。、该句型可用来强调主语、宾语和状语等，但不能用来强调谓语。所强调的成分可以是单词、短语，也可以是从句，但结构必须完整。强调人时可用that或who来连接，强调事或物时只能用that连接。注意两个主谓一致：it后面只能是单数is/was；若对主语进行强调，则that/who之后谓语应与被去掉主语保持人称和数的一致。
1. It was I who/that am to blame for the damage to the window. (强调主语)
2. It was her that we happened to met at the school gate. (强调宾语)
3. It was because her mother was ill that she didn't go to work. (强调原因状语从句)
4. It is not what he said but the way he did the thing that impressed me most. (强调主语从句)
二、强调句型一般疑问句式
强调句型的一般疑问句需要把is/was提前。其形式为“Is/ Was it-+被强调部分+that/who+其他?” 。
1. Is it Professor Wang who teaches you English?
2.Was it our being late that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual?
三、强调句型特殊疑问句式
强调句型的特殊疑问句形式为：特殊疑问词+is/was it+that/who+其他?
1. Who was it thatbroke the window?
2. When was it thatyou called me yesterday?
四、强调句型特殊疑问句转宾语从句句式
当强调句型的特殊疑问句作宾语从句时，其句式为：主语+谓语+特殊疑问词+it is/was +that+其他。注意宾语从句要用陈述句语序。
I’d like to know where it was that you first met two years ago.
五、强调句型含not…until…句式
针对not…until…句型进行强调，要把not一并提前，构成“It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。”
1. It was not until 11 o'clock last nightthat he went to bed.
2. It was not untilhe took off his dark glasses thatI realized he was a famous film star.
6.强调句型含定语从句句式
有些句子特别复杂，把强调句型和定语从句融合在一起，其句式为：It is/was+被强调部分+定语从句+that/who+其他。
It was in the room where we first met that Tom fell and hurt his knees.
【即学即练】
1. It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house _____________we saw Lily in the passenger seat.
2. It was when I got back to my apartment _____________ I first came across my new neighbors.
3. You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _____________ the coach picks up tourists.
4. It was when we were returning home _____________ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
5. Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century_____________ his musical gift was fully recognized.
【答案】
Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson 3能力提升A卷
一、词形转换
1.伤害，损害 n __________________→伤害，损害vt ________________ →有害的adj ________________→无害的adj ________________
2.论点；论据 n ________________→辩论；争论 vt________________→ (观点、论点或意见)不确定的; 无把握的 adj ________________
3.取代；接替 vt________________→取代；更换；接替者n_______________→可替换的; 可替代的adj________________
4.拥抱；紧抱 n________________→拥抱；紧抱vt________________→pt________________ →pp_______________
5.专注，专心；集中注意力 vt________________ →专注，专心；集中注意力n________________
6.担忧，忧虑 n________________→ 使担心；与……有关 vt ________________→担忧的adj ________________→关于，涉及到________________prep
7.有益的；有意义的 adj ________________→奖赏；给以报酬 vt _________________→ 奖励；回报；报酬 n________________
8.增添；添加 n________________→附加的；额外的adj________________→加上；此外 adv ________________ →增加；添加 vt________________
9.内容；目录；容纳的东西n________________→满足的，满意的，甘愿的adj ________________ →使满意，使满足vt________________
10.基础；基点 n________________→以……为基础；把基地设在vt________________→根基，底部；基础n________________→重要的，基本的；最简单的adj________________→基本上，大体上；从根本上说adv________________
11.局限的，限制性的 adj________________→有限的 adj________________→限制vt _________________→限制 n________________
12.简洁的，简明的 adj________________→简洁地，主要地adj________________
13.创造力；独创性 n ________________ →有创造性的，创新的 adj________________→创造 vt ________________ →创造者 n ________________
二、识词知义
1.shallow adj
2.travival adj
3.percent n
4.opinion n
5.focus vt n
6.maintain vt
7.smartphone n
8.tablet n
9.emoji n
10.thought-provoking adj
11.authority n
三、高频短语
1.积极/消极因素
2.确认主题句
3.支撑性细节
4.拉近人们距离
5.面对面接触
6.注意力集中在
7.通过和人们直接接触
8.使某人能够做某事
9.培养终生友谊
10.让人们以自我为中心
11.而不是，代替
12.关心，与……有关系
13.和……相比
14.把……比作
15.和……相比（插入语）
16.另外，还有
17.以……为基础
18.百分百有把握
19.以我之见
20.聚焦于，专注于
21.保持与某人联系
22. 在活动中，在进行中
23.一个发人深思的争论
24.指出来
25.痴迷于；沉迷于
三、高频短语答案
四、品句填词
1. Fruit juices can be _______________(有害的) to children's teeth.
2. We had an _______________(争论) with the waiter about the bill.
3. All the old carpets need _______________(替换).
4. She _______________(拥抱) him and invited him to dinner the next day.
5. I can't _______________(集中注意力) with all that noise going on.
6. Travelling has been a very _______________(值得的)experience.
7. In _______________(添加) to basic salary, there's a list of extra benefits.
8. These fish are found in _______________(浅的) waters around the coast.
9. The conference may help to _______________(聚焦) attention on the economy.
10. This article will form the_______________(基础) for our discussion.
四、品句填词答案
五、单句填空
1. The abuse of your powers does harm _______________ all other officers who do their job properly
2. Teachers will never _______________(replace) by computers in the classroom.
3. Many experts advocate _______________(reward) your child for good behaviour.
4. We were invited to give our _______________(opinion) about how the work should be done.
5. It took a few moments for her eyes _______________(focus) in the dark.
6. We should often stay in touch _____________our parents.
7. It is time to focus _____________ the disease and rebuild trust between the two countries.
8. _____________ the basis of my experience, I can solve your problem.
9. Others pointed _____________ that during a pandemic, marriage could offer practical benefits.
10. His mother is concerned ____________his future and his happiness.
五、单句填空答案
六、选词填空
be concerned with, compared to, on the basis of, in my opinion, in contact, on the move, care for, point out, refer to
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1. You need money and time; ___________________, you need diligence.
2. My own problems seem insignificant ___________________ other people's.
3. Benefit is calculated ___________________ average weekly earnings.
4. I'll be ___________________ with you once I have some more information.
5. Middle school students should learn ___________________ themselves.
6. In his speech last Monday, he ___________________ a recent trip to Canada.
7. I should ___________________ that not one of these paintings is original.
8. We ___________________ improving educational standards at present.
六、选词填空答案
Unit 4 Information Technology Lesson3能力提升B卷
一、阅读理解
A
Children under the age of 18 will be allowed up to three hours per week to play video games, according to a notice issued by China's National Press and Publication Administration. Online game companies are required to provide services to minors — from 8 to 9 p. m. on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and legal holidays — as a way to safeguard their physical and mental health. Children are playing more and more online games these days. Is it time to limit their online gaming time? What role do parents have? Readers share their opinions.
Rizlared
Online games are addictive, but if children are taught how to manage in a sensible and responsible manner then it is no longer a threat(威胁).To achieve this, parents need to set examples for not being glued to their phones. Teaching is and always will be the best solution to such problems.
Andrew
Good policy. By limiting time spent on online games, kids can spend time doing more useful things to develop their potential. They can go outside and run, jump and swim instead of sitting on a couch at home and playing with a smart phone.
Adam
It is often seen that parents argue with children over cellphones. Most parents can hardly set and enforce the time limit for its daily usage. Some forcibly take away their cellphones, but it will ruin trust and relationship. Even worse, it will make their kids hate them.
Pink
Excessive(过度的）gaming is purely a waste of time and energy for minors and has a negative effect on both physical and mental health. The gaming industry should not put profit- flaking interests as its priority ( 优先事项) . They should act in a socially responsible way to provide an environment for children to ensure their well-being and development.
Lauren
There would be a loophole(漏洞). Children could use their parents’ or other adults’ IDs to avoid real-name registration, thus making it impossible to put this policy in effect. Parents absolutely need to strengthen guidance and supervision to keep their children from gaming addiction.
1. What should kids do according to Andrew?
A. Play online games. B. Play with a smart phone.
C. Study all the time. D. Go in for outside activities.
2. What does Pink advise the gaming industry to do?
A. Pay attention to its profit. B. Focus on kids’ health.
C. Be responsible for kids’ surroundings. D. Persuade kids lo play more games.
3. What role do parents have according to the passage?
A. They keep hold of their phones. B. They set examples for their kids.
C. They limit their kids’ time. D. They blame kids for addiction.
二、七选五
A) Nowadays, online learning turns out to be more and more practiced. It represents an easy and comfortable method for achieving knowledge in almost every field. 1 It is therefore especially beneficial to those who can't go to school for certain reasons. But what are the advantages and disadvantages of online learning?
Although many people still consider traditional classes as the best way to attain knowledge, online learning proves to be a useful option. Students have the chance to study in their own time. It is a great way to study many fields and to improve the level of self-motivation. 2 Then there is more time left for hobbies or other activities.
What else? Easy access to all resources of a traditional course helps students learn wherever they are. 3 Among other advantages of online learning there are the responsibility and self-discipline(自律) of students.
4 At school，students learn how to make friends, be patient，get rid of disappointment， and especially to compete. Online leaning cannot offer human interaction. Another disadvantage refers to the fact that online courses cannot deal with thousands of students that try to join discussions.
In conclusion, online learning should be seen as a complement(补充) to and extension of classical forms of learning. 5 Each form of learning has every reason to exist.
A. Online learning reaches more and more people.
B. Online learning is a great alternative to traditional classes.
C. However, only in a small group can a student develop properly.
D. Besides, they are able to attend different courses on the Internet.
E. Even the best online course can't fully replace face-to-face contact.
F. Online learning is effective as students can make full use of their time.
G. But online learning is also effective for those who can't focus their attention.
B) Emoji（表情符号）and Workplace Communication
In Asia, messaging platforms are growing rapidly, with users in the hundreds of millions, both at work and play. 1 It’s been reported that 76 percent of employees in some western countries are using emojis at work.
Written communications can often read as cold and dull. Using emojis can add humor and feeling, keeping intention clear. 2 , encouraging better and more frequent communication.
In any given office, employees can range from age 22 to 70 and beyond, and finding common ground in communication style can be a challenge. 3 .
While the younger generations prefer to communicate visually, for those used to working with traditional tools like email, it may feel like a learning curve（曲线）. The good news is that it’s simple to learn and can be worth the effort.
There is also the matter of tone（语气）. Who hasn’t received an email so annoying that it ruined an entire day? 4. Emoji can help communication feel friendlier, and even a serious note can be softened with an encouraging smile.
5 , and emoji can contribute directly to that positive outcome. And when your employees begin adding smiling emojis to their business communication, you’ll know you have succeeded in improving your work culture.
A. Message with emojis feel more conversational
B. Even a formal email can seem cold and unfriendly
C. Sending smiling faces to colleagues may seem strange
D. The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally
E. Giving employees the tools enables them to communicate honestly
F. Studies show that friendlier communication leads to a happier workplace
G. An easy way to bring all work generations together is with a chat platform
三、完形填空
Everyone has their own strengths and weaknesses. Turning our weaknesses into strengths makes us ____21____ . A 12-year-old boy, Kim overcame his weakness by unknowingly making it his___22___ .
Poor Kim ___23___ his left arm in a terrible accident and was ___24___. To cheer him up, his father made him join a Judo（柔道）club. As the boy always wanted to learn Judo, his father thought this would make him ___25___ .
Everyone wondered how a single-armed boy could learn Judo.___26___ , the master happily accepted him. Kim practiced nothing but a single stroke（击）.He trained for all 8 months in mastering a single stroke. The boy was ___27___ and sometimes annoyed as his master taught him only one stroke.
Yet, he said nothing. The boy mastered the stroke and grew in confidence as ___28___ could do that particular stroke better. The boy was ___29___ by the master to compete in a Judo championship tournament
Everyone ___30___ Kim and his master. Even the boy was not sure about why his master had chosen him.
To everyone's surprise, Kim easily ___31___ six competitors with his single stroke. He struggled a bit in the semi-finals but managed to win the match. Then the final match began. The opponent（对手）was very strong and the referee（裁判） ___32___ with Kim's master about stopping the match as he feared the opponent could ___33___ Kim. However, his master ___34___ and told Kim to continue the match. With a huge effort, Kim ___35___ the match.
Kim thought it was ___36___ and asked his master how he had become champion. His master told him “My dear boy, you learned the most ___37___ stroke in Judo that very few can master to perfection. If your opponent wants to beat you and ___38___ you from using the stroke, they should hold your left arm. This was the___39___ behind your victory!'*
If the boy turned his weakness, the loss of his left arm, into such a great ___40___ . Why can't we?
21. A. brave B. reliable C. powerful D. flexible
22. A. chance B. strength C. interest D. choice
23. A. bent B. raised C. broke D. lost
24. A. heartbroken B. impatient C. embarrassed D. angry
25. A. popular B. normal C. happy D. special
26. A. However B. Besides C. Therefore D. Otherwise
27. A. excited B. nervous C. ambitious D. surprised
28. A. somebody B. nobody C. everybody D. anybody
29. A. taught B. picked C. forced D. paid
30. A. feared B. admired C. knew D. doubted
31. A. shook B. hurt C. beat D. hit
32. A. discussed B. competed C. agreed D. quarreled
33. A. frighten B. blame C. harm D. move
34. A. struggled B. refused C. begged D. regretted
35. A. ignored B. organized C. watched D. won
36. A. unbelievable B. strange C. unacceptable D. satisfying
37. A. suitable B. standard C. terrible D. difficult
38. A. prevent B. protect C. save D. excuse
39. A. effort B. reality C. secret D. meaning
40. A. fun B. success C. challenge D. dream
四、语法填空
The core capsule of China’s space station, 1 (name) Tianhe, was sent into its planned orbit（轨道）at the Wenchang Space Center in Hainan province on April 29. In 1991, Chinese government 2 (present) a “three-step” strategy for space engineering by first building a manned spacecraft, followed by building mini space stations and then China’s own space station. This attempt has brought China 3 (close) to its final goal.
It starts a series of launch missions that aim to complete the 4 (construct) of China’s space station. By the end of 2022, China’s space station will be a T shape, 5 includes the core module at the center and a lab capsule on each side. It will be able to support three astronauts 6 (work) and live for a long time. To make sure a quality life for astronauts, it is divided into various zones, 7 (include) zones for work, sleep, sanitation, dining, healthcare and exercise. China is 8 (devote) to building the space station into a state-level space lab that supports scientific experiments 9 technological applications. The station is expected to contribute to 10 peaceful development and space exploration through international cooperation.
1. named 2. presented 3. closer 4. construction 5. which 6. to work 7. including 8. devoted 9. and 10. the
五、短文改错
Running is fun. I enjoy running three time a week in the neighborhood. I keep it up until the weather makes it impossible to do so. I suppose that we can gain a lot of from running. To begin with, running strengthen oneself physically and mentally. It is one of best ways for us to relax from their study or work. What’s worse, running proves to help us to sleep better at night. Wherever you are, you can always start running immediate. This is my idea on running. Meanwhile, experts suggest that we going for three to four runs every week in order to feel energy.
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