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专题03 Unit 6 The Admirable Lesson 2 History Makers 精品导学案(解析版)
精品导学案目录
1
| U6 Lesson 2重难点词汇讲解
| 2
| U6 Lesson 2能力提升A卷
| 3
| U6 Lesson 2能力提升B卷
|
1. judge
【教材语境】P104 》…where they will not be judged by the colour of their skin but by the content of their character.
【用法总结】
judge n法官；裁判
judge vt评价；判断
judgement n评价；判断力
judge...by/from从……判断，按照……判断
judging from/by...根据……判断
in one’s judgement依某人看来
【即学即练】
1. _____________(judge) by the look on his face，the news must have been terrible.
2. In my _____________(judge), the plan is ill-conceived.
3. As a _____________, he has good _____________and never _____________(judge) a person by his or her appearance.
Keys: 1. Judging 2. judgement 3. judge; judgement; judges
2. protest
【教材语境】P104 》In 1955, King organized a bus protest….
【用法总结】
protest n 抗议；反对
protest vt抗议；反对；申辩
under protest 无奈地
without protest 一声不吭地
protest against 抗议
make a protest 做出抗议
【即学即练】
1. He paid the fine ___________ protest.
2. ___________ protest against the wages cut，the workmen decided on sitting in at the factory.
3. We protested___________ releasing him.
Keys: 1. under 2. In 3. against
3. impressive
【教材语境】P104 》Very impressive indeed.
【用法总结】
impress vt 给……留下深刻的印象
impression n印象
impressive adj令人印象深刻的
impress sb. with... ……给某人留下深刻的印象
impress on sb 给某人留下深刻印象
be impressed by/with... 钦佩……，对……有深刻的好印象
【即学即练】
1. The most _____________ (impress) thing about him is his calm acceptance of whatever comes his way.
2. What _____________ (impress)me most is that whenever he appears in front of others, he wears a big smile.
3. The little boy impressed me _____________ his big, bright eyes the first time I saw him.
4. It’s true that you never get a second chance to make a first _____________ (impress).
Keys: 1.impressive 2.impresses 3.with 4.impression
4. There is no doubt that…
【教材语境】P105 》..and there is no doubt that he was one of the most figures of the 20th century.
【用法总结】
There is no doubt that...毫无疑问……
There is some doubt whether..毫无疑问……
I doubt whether… 我怀疑……
I don’t doubt that….我毫不怀疑的是……
【即学即练】
1. There is no doubt _____________you are supposed to know about the history of the Tang Dynasty in advance.
2. There is little doubt ____________ he will win the match.
3. Fred doesn’t doubt _____________that he will rank first in the final.
4. There is no doubt _____________about the success of our experiment.
Keys: 1.that 2. that 3. that 4. about
Unit 6 The Admirable Lesson 2能力提升A卷
一、词形转换
1. 依靠，依赖v________________→依赖的adj________________→ 独立的，不依赖的adj_________________→依赖地adv________________→ 独立地，不依赖地adv_________________→依赖，依靠n________________→ 独立，自主n________________
2. 和平，平静 n________________→和平的，没有暴力的 adj________________ →和平的，没有暴力的 adv________________
3. 竞赛；种族n________________→种族的；人种的adj________________
4. 激励；激发vt ________________→鼓舞人心的adj_______________→感到鼓舞的adj ________________→激励；灵感 n_____________
5. 评价；判断vt______________→法官；裁判vt_____________ →评价；判断力 vt_____________
6. 给……留下深刻的印象vt______________→令人印象深刻的adj_______________→印象n________________
7. 尊重，尊敬n/vt______________→体面的；值得尊重的adj_______________→恭敬的；表示尊重的adj_______________→各自的；分别的adj_______________
一、词形转换答案
1. depend, dependent, independent, dependently, independently, dependence, independence 2. peace, peaceful, peacefully 3. race, racial 4. inspire, inspiring, inspired, inspiration 5. judge, judge, judgment 6. impress, impressive, impression 7. respect, respectable, respectful, respective
二、识词知义
1. protest n vt
2. discrimination n
3. bar n.
4. skin n.
5. further adj
6. march n
7. self-evident adj
8. respect n vt.
二、识词知义答案
1. protest n 抗议；反对 vt抗议；反对
2. discrimination n 歧视
3. bar n. 铁栅；门闩
4. skin n. 皮肤
5. further adj 更多的，进一步
6. march n 示威游行，抗议游行
7. self-evident adj 不证自明的；显而易见的
8. respect n 尊重 vt. 尊重
三、高频短语
1. 赢得平等权利
2. 组织和平抗议
3. 遭受种族歧视
4. 被关进监狱
5. 激励人们做某事
6. 为公平正义而战
7. 赢得诺贝尔和平奖
8. 给某人让座
9. 真遗憾
10. 所有人生来是平等的
11. 根据……来判断
12. 因……被铭记
13. 对……有把握
14. 不久前一天
15. 挑选
16. 对……表示出尊重
三、高频短语答案
1. win equal rights
2. organize peaceful protests
3. suffer racial discrimination
4. be put behind bars
5. inspire sb to do sth
6. fight for justice
7. win the Nobel Peace Prize
8. give up one’s seat to sb
9. What a shame!
10. All men are created equal.
11. judge...by…
12. be remembered for…
13. be sure about
14. the other day
15. pick out
16. show respect for
四、品句填词
1. Their marriage was founded on love and mutual _____________(尊重).
2. Two _____________(独立的) research bodies reached the same conclusions.
3. See if you can pick _____________ her necklace in this box.
4. Eventually, he came face to face with _____________(歧视) again.
5. There was a large crowd in the square, _____________ (抗议) against the war.
6. All the _____________(评委) agreed that the young man’s performance was the best.
7. You should never judge people _____________ their looks.
8. Students took to the streets to protest _____________ the decision.
9. The teacher is very strict with us, yet we all show our respect _____________ her.
10. Hurry up! It would be __________ shame to miss the beginning of the play.
四、品句填词答案
1. respect 2. independent 3. out 4. discrimination 5. protesting 6. judges 7. by 8. against 9. for 10. a
五、单句填空
1. In 1816, Argentina declared its _________________(independent) from Spain.
2. They've been living _________________(peace) with members of various ethnic groups.
3. Ms. Sinclair is standing by her husband, _________________(protest) his innocence.
4. The museum is closed until _________________(far) notice
5. This is one of his most_________________(impress) works of recent years.
6. _________________(judge) by the company he kept, Mark must have been a wealthy man.
7. The other day I _________________(see) a squirrel in my garden.
8. The campaign is intended to educate the public _________________(respect) the environment.
9. She _________________(march) over to me and demanded an apology.
10. This report focuses on the _________________(race)problems in England.
五、单句填空答案
1. independence 2. peacefully 3. protesting 4. further 5. impressive 6. Judging 7. saw 8. to respect 9. marched 10. racial
Unit 6 The Admirable Lesson 2能力提升B卷
A
Elizabeth Blackwell was born in England in 1821, and moved to New York City when she was ten years old. One day she decided that she wanted to become a doctor. That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century. After writing many letters asking for admission to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia. She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.
In 1849, after graduation from medical school, she decided to further her education in Paris. She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.
Upon returning to the United States, she found it difficult to start her own practice because she was a woman. By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children. Besides being the first woman physician and founding her own hospital, she also set up the first medical school for women.
1. Why was it difficult for Elizabeth to become a doctor?
A. Because she wrote too many letters.
B. Because she couldn't set up her hospital.
C. Because she couldn't graduate from medical school.
D. Because seldom women worked as doctors at the time.
2. What prevented Elizabeth Blackwell's dream of becoming a surgeon?
A. It was difficult for her to start a practice.
B. There was a serious eye problem with her.
C. She couldn't get admitted to medical school.
D. She decided to further her education in Paris.
3. Which of the following is the right order?
a. She founded her own hospital.
b. She went to Paris to further her education.
c. She got her admission to a medical school.
d. She taught school to pay for her cost of learning doctor.
A. b — c — d — a. B. c — a — b — d.
C. c — d — b — a. D. b — d — c — a.
4. According to the passage, all of the following are "firsts" in the life of Elizabeth Blackwell, except that she ________.
A. was the first woman doctor
B. became the first woman physician
C. set up the first medical school for women
D. and several other women founded the first hospital for women and children
1-4 DBCA
本文为记叙文。文章讲述了Elizabeth Blacekwell传奇的一生，特别是她立志当一名医生，并创办了第一家妇女儿童医院的事迹。
1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“That was nearly impossible for a woman in the middle of the nineteenth century.(对于19世纪中期的女性来说，这几乎是不可能的)”可知，性别是她难以成为医生的主要原因。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She wanted to be a surgeon, but a serious eye problem forced her to give up the idea.(她想成为一名外科医生，但严重的视力问题迫使她放弃了这个想法)”可知，严重的眼部疾病是她不能实现梦想的主要原因。故选B。
3. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“After writing many letters asking for admission to medical schools, she was finally accepted by a doctor in Philadelphia.(在写了很多封信申请进入医学院后，她终于被费城的一名医生录取了)”可知，c“她被一所医学院录取了”排第一，故排除A、D选项；根据第一段中“She was so determined that she taught school and gave music lessons to get money for the cost of schooling.(她是如此的坚定，她在学校教书和开设音乐课，以获得上学的钱)”可知，d“她在学校教书是为了支付她学习医生的费用”排第二，故排除B选项。故选C。
4. 推理判断题。最后一段中“By 1857 Elizabeth and her sister, also a doctor, along with another woman doctor, managed to open a new hospital, the first for women and children.(到1857年，伊丽莎白和她同样是医生的姐姐，以及另一名女医生，设法开办了一家新医院，这是第一家为妇女和儿童开设的医院)”可知，在她之前，她姐姐和另一位女人已经是医生了，所以她不是第一位女医生。故选A。
B
It’s possible that your phone’s face-unlock might finally be able to work while you’re wearing a mask. Researchers have found that facial recognition algorithms are getting better at recognizing faces in masks, according to data published on Tuesday by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST). Using independent testing of more than 150 separate facial recognition algorithms, the new report suggests masks may not be as big a problem for facial recognition systems as initially thought.
When NIST first examined masks’ effect on facial recognition in July 2020, it found that algorithms weren’t great at identifying faces with masks. “Face recognition can make errors, which can implicate people for crimes they haven’t committed,” writes the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF). “It is particularly bad at recognizing African Americans and other ethnic minorities, women, and young people.” But the pandemic has given developers plenty of time to focus on the mask problem, and NIST’s data shows that facial recognition algorithms are getting better at working with masked faces. “After the pandemic, some developers have submitted algorithms which show significantly improved accuracy and are now among the most accurate in our test,” the report reads. NIST’s public ranking for facial recognition tests bears out this report. Eight different algorithms now hold false rates below 0.05 percent.
Nevertheless, there remain a number of limitations to the study. NIST researchers did not employ actual images of masked faces. Instead, they applied masks digitally to ensure consistency across the sample. As a result, “We were not able to get a thorough simulation of the endless variations in color, design, shape, texture, and ways masks can be worn,” the report states. The digital mask was a blue surgical mask covering the full width of the face, but testers noted that performance varied considerably depending on how high the mask was placed on the face.
5. Recognizing masked faces with facial recognition systems used to be thought as _______.
A. effective B. impossible C. challenging D. easy
6. What does the underlined phrase “bear out” in Paragraph 3 mean?
A. Stress. B. Prove. C. Criticize. D. Oppose.
7. What can be learned about the study?
A. The way to wear masks may affect recognition accuracy.
B. The design of a mask makes no difference to facial recognition.
C. Facial recognition failure rates were quite low at the beginning.
D. The researchers adopted real surgical masks to ensure the accuracy.
8. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A. Limitations of Facial Recognition Software
B. The Challenge of Recognizing Masked Faces
C. The improvement in Facial Recognition Algorithms
D. Different Applications of Facial Recognition Technology
5-8 CBAC
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了面部识别算法在识别戴口罩的面孔方面表现得越来越好。文章还介绍了研究开展的过程以及存在的一些局限性。
5. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Using independent testing of more than 150 separate facial recognition algorithms, the new report suggests masks may not be as big a problem for facial recognition systems as initially thought.(通过对150多种不同的面部识别算法进行独立测试，这份新报告表明，口罩对于面部识别系统来说可能不像最初想象的那样是个大问题)”可知，使用面部识别系统识别戴口罩面孔曾被认为是一种很有挑战性的技术。故选C。
6. 词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“After the pandemic, some developers have submitted algorithms which show significantly improved accuracy and are now among the most accurate in our test”以及后文“Eight different algorithms now hold false rates below 0.05 percent.(现在有八种不同的算法将错误率控制在0.05% 以下)”可知，报告称算法提高了正确性，其中八种错误率在0.05%以下，进一步推出，该公共排名证实了这个报告。故bear out意为“证实，证明”。A. Stress.强调；B. Prove.证实；C. Criticize.批评；D. Oppose.反对。故选B。
7. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The digital mask was a blue surgical mask covering the full width of the face, but testers noted that performance varied considerably depending on how high the mask was placed on the face.(数字口罩是一种覆盖整个脸部宽度的蓝色外科口罩，但测试人员注意到，性能差异很大，取决于口罩放在脸上的高度)”可知，戴口罩的方式会影响识别的正确性。故选A。
8. 主旨大意题。根据第一段中“Researchers have found that facial recognition algorithms are getting better at recognizing faces in masks, according to data published on Tuesday by the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST).(美国国家标准与技术研究院周二公布的数据显示，研究人员发现，人脸识别算法在识别戴口罩的人脸方面做得越来越好)”结合文章还介绍了研究开展的过程以及存在的一些局限性。故C项“人脸识别算法的改进”符合题意，适合做标题。故选C。
C
Life as a 340-pound man had become unmanageable for Erie O’Grey. When not traveling for work, he rarely left his apartment. He took about 15 medicines, including weight-loss drugs. He tried dieting, but nothing worked. Then two things during a flight inspired him to go to see a naturopathic (自然疗法的) doctor. O’Grey had an embarrassing incident when the flight crew had to wait for a seat belt extension for him before the plane took off. Then he saw news about “plant-based” diets.
The doctor recommended a plant-based diet and also ordered him to adopt a shelter dog and walk him twice a day for 30 minutes. Armed with new recipes and the order, he went to the local shelter with visions of the perfect dog dancing through his head, one that never barked or disobeyed orders. But the adoption coordinator (协调人) brought in a very fat dog with skin problems.
“The dog looked at me with a clear sense of disappointment. Then his head hung low,” O’Grey said.” I can relate to that." The coordinator told him they had much in common and that they both need work on the same things. O’Grey took the dog home and named him “Peety”. They began going for walks. At first, O’Grey could only take his new companion about 100 yards. But Peety seemed to like it. “He just looked up at me like he was so appreciative.”
Their twice-daily exercise gradually got longer as O’Grey began to enjoy walking through his neighborhood with Peety. As they lost weight and grew healthier together, the pair developed a tight bond. In six months, Grey quit all medicines. Over time O’Grey discovered he loved long-distance running. Now he runs an average of five to six marathons a year.
On the journey toward a healthier, happier life, O’Grey becomes a lover of long-distance running and dog adoption. He’s also co-written a book, Walking with Peety: The Dog Who Saved My Life, encouraging others struggling with obesity to turn it around.
9. Why did O’Grey feel embarrassed during the air travel?
A. He was too fat to take a seat.
B. He rarely traveled by plane.
C. He was laughed at by the flight crew.
D. He couldn’t fit in the safety belt.
10. What kind of dog did O’Grey want to adopt initially?
A. A healthy dog. B. An adaptive dog. C. A gentle dog. D. An energetic dog.
11. What can be learnt about Peety?
A. He disliked running at first.
B. He finished marathons with O’Grey.
C. He was trained to help people.
D. He was upset when meeting O’Grey.
12. Which can be the best title for the text?
A. The tough journey of losing weight
B. A man completed his book inspired by his dog
C. The bond between a man and a dog
D. A dog changed its owner from medicines to marathon
9-12 DCDD
【分析】这是一篇记叙文。体重超重的奥格雷在听从了医生的建议，收养了一只叫做Peety的狗狗。随后在和这只狗的相处中，奥格雷的体重开始减少，变得越来越健康，以致于最终完全不用服药了，一年平均可以完成5到六次的马拉松。
9. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“O’Grey had an embarrassing incident when the flight crew had to wait for a seat belt extension for him before the plane took off. ”（飞机起飞前，机组人员不得不等待为了他而延长安全带，这让奥格雷感到尴尬。）可知，奥格雷太胖了，坐飞机要延长安全带，所以让奥格雷感到尴尬的是飞机上的安全带不适合他。选项D与文意相符，故选D。
10. 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Armed with new recipes and the order, he went to the local shelter with visions of the perfect dog dancing through his head, one that never barked or disobeyed orders.”（带着新的食谱和命令，他去了当地的动物收容所，脑海中浮现出一只完美的狗在跳舞的画面，一只从不吠叫或违抗命令的狗。）可知，一开始奥格雷打算收养的是一只会跳舞并且不会违抗命令的温顺的狗。选项C“A gentle dog”（一只温顺的狗）与文意相符，故选C。
11. 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段中““The dog looked at me with a clear sense of disappointment. Then his head hung low,” O’Grey said.”（“这只狗失望地看着我，然后低下了头。”奥格雷说。）可知，在见到奥格雷的那一刻，Peety是失望的。D选项 “它见到奥格雷时很不高兴”与文意相符，故选D。
12. 主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章首先讲述了拥有340磅身体的奥格雷，平日里不上班时，需要服用包括减肥药在内的15种药。在尝试了自然疗法的过程中，他尴尬的是安全带不适应自己的身材，随后在遵从“植物性饮食”的医生的建议下，他收养了一只叫做“Peety”的狗。随后在和这只狗的相处中，奥格雷开始喜欢上了走路，而随着他的体重的减少，变得越来越健康，奥格雷完全不用服药了，一年平均可以完成5到6次的马拉松。D选项 “一只狗把主人从依赖药物变成了马拉松跑步者”与文意相符，故选D。
二、完形填空
Charlotte Whitehead was born in England in 1843, and moved to Montreal, Canada at the age five with her family. While 21 her ill elder sister throughout the years, Charlotte discovered she had a(an) 22 in medicine. At 18 she married and 23 a family. Several years later, Charlotte said she wanted to be a 24 . Her husband supported her decision.
25 , Canadian medical schools did not 26 women students at the time. Therefore, Charlotte went to the United States to study 27 at the Women’s Medical College in Philadelphia. It took her five years to 28 her medical degree. Upon graduation, Charlotte 29 to Montreal and set up a private 30 . Three years later, she moved to Winnipeg, Manitoba, and there she was once again a 31 doctor. Many of her patients were from the nearby timber and railway camps. Charlotte 32 herself operating on damaged limbs and setting 33 bones, in addition to delivering all the babies in the area.
But Charlotte had been practicing without a license. She had 34 a doctor’s license in both Montreal and Winnipeg, but was 35 . The Manitoba College of Physicians and Surgeons, an all-male board, wanted her to 36 her studies at a Canadian medical college! Charlotte refused to 37 her patients to spend time studying what she already knew. So in 1887, she appeared to the Manitoba Legislature to 38 a license to her but they, too, refused. Charlotte 39 to practice without a license until 1912. She died four years later at the age of 73.
In 1993, 77 years after her 40 , a medical license was issued to Charlotte. This decision was made by the Manitoba Legislature to honor “this courageous and pioneering woman.”
21. A. raising B. teaching C. nursing D. missing
22. A. habit B. interest C. opinion D. voice
23. A. invented B. selected C. offered D. started
24. A. doctor B. musician C. lawyer D. physicist
25. A. Besides B. Unfortunately C. Otherwise D. Eventually
26. A. hire B. entertain C. trust D. accept
27. A. history B. physics C. medicine D. law
28. A. improve B. save C. design D. earn
29. A. returned B. escaped C. spread D. wandered
30. A. school B. museum C. clinic D. lab
31. A. busy B. wealthy C. greedy D. lucky
32. A. helped B. found C. troubled D. imagined
33. A. harmful B. tired C. broken D. weak
34. A. put away B. taken over C. turned in D. applied for
35. A. punished B. refused C. blamed D. fired
36. A. display B. change C. preview D. complete
37. A. leave B. charge C. test D. cure
38. A. sell B. donate C. issue D. show
39. A. continued B. promised C. pretended D. dreamed
40. A. birth B. death C. wedding D. graduation
21-25 CBDAB 26-30 DCDAC 31-35 ABCDB 36-40 DACAB
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