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必修第二册练习
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1. The first stage of the ____________ (operate)was to join up the bones.
2. Similar ____________(measure) have been taken by other cities, such as Cleveland and Denver.
3. The sampling masks will be adapted using 3D printed strips and exhaled microbes(微生物) can ____________(trap)in a 30-minute period.
4. The pandemic is having “a devastating impact on the company with untold ____________(suffer)and loss”.
5. Pandemics are caused by new pathogens(致病菌) that the vast majority of humans have no immune ____________(protect)against them.
6. Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with ____________(honest), humor and enthusiasm.
7. His ____________ (ambitious) is to become a great scientist in the future.
8. While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that ____________(explore).
9. ____________(anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn’t fit.
10. In the past, studying abroad was a ____________ (distance) dream for most people.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. The heavy snow ___________________.
大雪给果树造成了巨大的损害。(damage)
2. He ___________________ the young lady of handbag, but in vain.
他企图抢那位年轻女士的手提包, 但没成功。(attempt)
3. It turned out that ___________________.
结果试验成功了。(that宾语从句)
4. ___________________ from under the bomber.
轰炸机底下蹿出一枚导弹。(完全倒装)
5. They tried to ___________________. But in vain.
他们想让她说话, 但没用。( have+宾语+宾语补足语)
6. They never leave areas ___________________.
他们从不离开居住地。(定语从句)
7. I ___________________ with foreigners.
我和外国人交流有些困难。(difficulty)
8. This machine seems to have ___________________ again.
这台机器好像又坏了。(break)
9. Place your hands on the small of your back and ___________________.
双手置于腰部然后吸气。(breathe)
10. You’d better go home before your money ___________________.
在钱花光之前, 你最好回家。(run)
III. 阅读理解
A
The extreme hot weather often makes people restless with sweats in summer. Even though people are annoyed by it, experts suggest that summer is the best season to give out your body’s poisonous matters and refresh your energy.
One popular choice is hot-stone massage(按摩). Therapists(理疗师)use smooth and heated stones, usually river rocks, to massage certain parts of the body, or set them on key points of the body. The warmth of the hot stones will promote blood circulation and also help muscles relax, while sweating is also believed to be good for letting out the body’s poisonous factors.
Another popular choice is hot-stone baths. The hot-stone bath will help the body give out poisons and humidity(湿气) that build up during the last winter. Summer is the best season to form a good body. Rather than use water or steam to heat and wash the body, people simply wear a coat or something comfortable, and then lie on heated stone tablets made of hot stones, which are warmed to around 45oC. The body will gradually warm up and blood circulation will also be improved. More sweat will come out quickly. The sweat is smooth and fresh, not smelly like that released after sports activities. Such baths bring a number of health benefits, such as anti-aging, improved blood circulation and stress relief. The slimming effect of dieting can even be promoted.
It dates back to ancient times to use hot stones for treatment, but the modern hot-stone massage generally owes to Mary Nelson, a native of Tucson, Arizona, America, whose trademark is “La Stone Therapy”.
The therapy is earning a good fame and popularity with many people, especially those who are often seated in cool rooms with air-conditioners. The hot-stone therapy can help cure many illnesses, back pain included.
1. What’s the best method people use to let out poisons in our body according to the text?
A. Swimming.
B. Doing sports activities.
C. Sweating.
D. Improving blood circulation and stress relief.
2. What can be inferred from the text?
A. People should take advantage of summer to improve their health.
B. There are no toxins and humidity in the body in summer.
C. Using water of about 45oC to wash the body is good for the health.
D. Sports have greater effects on the health than hot-stone massage.
3. What can be learned about the hot-stone therapy?
A. It was invented by Mary Nelson, an American.
B. It successfully cured many people of cancer.
C. It is popular with people because of its excellent effects.
D. It can help people avoid sweating too much in hot summer.
4. Where may this article be seen?
A. On an entertainment magazine.
B. On a health care magazine.
C. On an education magazine.
D. On a technology magazine.
B
Iceland on Sunday honors the passing of Okjokull, as scientists warn that some 400 others on the subarctic island risk the same fate.
With a theme of fighting climate change, about 100 Icelanders have said farewell to what once was a glacier(冰川). Scientists said it was the first of Iceland’s glaciers to disappear because of climate change.
About 100 years ago, the glacier covered almost 6 square miles of a mountainside in western Iceland and measured more than 160 feet thick.
A plaque(匾)has been installed at the site of the former glacier, which reads “In the next 200 years, all our glaciers are expected to follow the same path. This monument is to acknowledge that we know what is happening and what needs to be done. Only you know if we did it. ”
The plaque bears the words “A letter to the future, ” and is intended to raise awareness about the decline of glaciers and the effects of climate change.
In 1890, the glacier ice covered 16 square kilometres but by 2012, it measured just 0. 7 square kilometers, according to a report from the University of Iceland in 2017.
“We made the decision that this was no longer a living glacier, it was only dead ice, it was not moving, ” Oddur Sigurdsson, a glaciologist with the Icelandic Meteorological Office, told AFP.
According to a study published by the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)in April, nearly half of the world’s heritage sites could lose their glaciers by 2100 if greenhouse gas emissions continue at the current rate.
Sigurdsson said he feared “that nothing can be done to stop it”.
“The symbolic death of a glacier is a warning to us, and we need action, ” former Irish president Mary Robinson said.
“We see the consequences(后果)of the climate crisis, ” Icelandic Prime Minister Katrin Jakobsdottir said. “We have no time to lose. ”
5. Why did the Icelanders say farewell to Okjokull?
A. They felt sorry for its disappearance.
B. They wanted to fight climate change.
C. It was the first Iceland’s glacier to disappear.
D. It was the most important glacier of Iceland.
6. What’s the purpose of the words on the plaque?
A. Icelanders should remember the missing glacier.
B. There will be no glaciers in Iceland in the future.
C. Icelanders want to make the site a tourist attraction.
D. People should realize the serious effects of climate change.
7. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?
A. Nothing can be done to stop the situation.
B. We should take steps to stop the climate crisis.
C. The death of a glacier is a symbol of global warming.
D. By 2100 nearly half of the world’s glaciers will disappear.
8. What’s the text mainly about?
A. A missing glacier.
B. A farewell party for a glacier.
C. The effects of climate change.
D. Steps to take to prevent greenhouse gas emissions.
IV. 完形填空
Bobby, a poor guy was famous for his attempts to climb the big snowy mountain. He had tried at least 30 times, but had always 1 . Every time, he began the climbing at a good pace. But as he went on, he would look down at his painful 2 more often. Finally when the clouds had gathered round him, he understood that he wouldn’t be able to enjoy the view from the top.
Last month, he went up the 3 with Peeper, who gave him a pair of special sunglasses. “If it starts clouding over, put these 4 on, or if your feet start hurting, put them on too. These are special glasses; they will help you. ” Bobby 5 the gift without thinking much, but when his feet started 6 again, he remembered what Peeper had said and he put on the glasses. The pain was pretty bad, but with those new sunglasses he could still manage to continue. This time the 7 were so light that he could still see the top through them. And so Bobby kept climbing, leaving the clouds behind, forgetting his 8 , and finally arriving at the top. It was certainly worth it.
Peeper had drawn a light 9 on the lenses (镜片), in the form of the snow-covered mountain top. It was made in such a way that you could only 10 it if you looked upwards. Peeper had understood that whenever Bobby lost sight of his 11 , he would similarly lose sight of his dream, and his 12 to continue would weaken.
Bobby realized that the only difficulty of reaching the top had been his own 13 . When he could no longer see the top of the mountain, the problems 14 . He thanked Peeper for using that little 15 to help him see that his aims were not impossible, and that they were still there, where they had always been.
1. A. stopped B. dropped C. fallen D. failed
2. A. feet B. shorts C. hats D. gloves
3. A. road B. mountain C. tower D. top
4. A. trousers B. clothes C. shoes D. glasses
5. A. got B. disliked C. accepted D. refused
6. A. complaining B. working
C. hurting D. shaking
7. A. trees B. grass C. glasses D. clouds
8. A. failure B. pain C. joy D. aim
9. A. picture B. symbol C. signal D. message
10. A. move B. feel C. change D. see
11. A. goal B. power C. success D. journey
12. A. preference B. will
C. ability D. decoration
13. A. mistake B. pride
C. ignorance D. discouragement
14. A. rose B. raised
C. arose D. disappeared
15. A. technology B. tool
C. trick D. treat
V. 语法填空
A small town in England is teaching the world that it is important 1. ________ (grow) your own food. Any open space 2. _______ (use) to grow fruit and vegetables. There are apples, pears, peaches, strawberries, cabbages and carrots, here and there. Everyone can pick them 3. _______free. Eight years ago, a woman named Pam in Todmorden dug up her rose garden. She planted vegetables, knocked down the garden walls and put up a sign 4. _______ (say), “Help yourself”. Today, Pam has 5. _______ (complete) changed the town. A new town has been born,
6. _______ is called “Incredible Edible Todmorden”. Pam explained why she thought the idea was popular. “It’s possible and positive. Many people know we have to change but how we do that is 7. _______ question. ” So one day, she gathered all the 8. _______ (villager) together. They decided to do something different at once. They didn’t write reports. They didn’t ask for permission. They just did it. Only a short time later, Todmorden 9. _______ (become) a big garden of fruit and vegetables. In Todmorden, there is a motto: If you eat, you are in. But that’s not all. There are 10. _______ (many) than 700 edible towns popping up around the world, from Canada to Mali. People there think about food and protect the environment at the same time.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. The first stage of the operation (operate)was to join up the bones.
2. Similar measures(measure) have been taken by other cities, such as Cleveland and Denver.
3. The sampling masks will be adapted using 3D printed strips and exhaled microbes(微生物) can be trapped(trap)in a 30-minute period.
4. The pandemic is having “a devastating impact on the company with untold suffering(suffer)and loss”.
5. Pandemics are caused by new pathogens(致病菌) that the vast majority of humans have no immune protection(protect)against them.
6. Perri and Sheila tell their mother-daughter story with honesty(honest), humor and enthusiasm.
7. His ambition (ambitious) is to become a great scientist in the future.
8. While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration(explore).
9. Anxiously(anxious), she took the dress out of the package and tried it on, only to find it didn’t fit.
10. In the past, studying abroad was a distant (distance) dream for most people.
Ⅱ. 1. The heavy snow did great damage to the fruit trees.
2. He made an attempt to rob the young lady of handbag, but in vain.
3. It turned out that the experiment was a success.
4. Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.
5. They tried to have her talk. But in vain.
6. They never leave areas where they live.
7. I have some difficulty communicating with foreigners.
8. This machine seems to have broken down again.
9. Place your hands on the small of your back and breathe in.
10. You’d better go home before your money runs out.
III.
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了夏季的两种健康保健的方法。
1.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第一段可知, 人们用出汗这种最好的方法来排出我们体内的毒素。
2.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中“Summer is the best season to form a good body. ”可知, 人们应该利用夏天来改善他们的健康。
3.【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第三段前两句可知, 热石疗法因其良好的效果而受到人们的欢迎。
4.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“One popular choice is hot-stone massage. ”和第三段第一句“Another popular choice is hot-stone baths. ”可知, 文章介绍了两种健康保健的方法。由此推知这篇文章应该出自一本保健杂志。
B
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了冰岛的一些冰川的消失, 来提高人们对冰川减少和气候变化影响的认识。
5.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知, 冰岛人说再见的目的是希望人们同气候变化作斗争。故选B。
6.【解析】选D。 目的意图题。根据第五段可知, 匾上刻上文字的目的是提高人们对气候变化严重后果的认识。故选D。
7.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后两段可知, 最后两段告诉我们应该采取措施阻止气候危机。故选B。
8.【解析】选A。主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知, 本文主要讲述了由于气候变暖冰岛的一些冰川的消失, 以此来提高人们对冰川减少和气候变化影响的认识。故选A。
IV. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文, 讲述了一位登山者Bobby登山的故事, 尽管多次尝试, 但都失败了。后来在朋友的帮助下, 终于成功。故事告诉我们, 只要有梦想, 没有什么是不可能的。
1.【解析】选D。but表示转折, 他不断尝试但没能成功(fail)。
2.【解析】选A。根据下文if your feet start hurting, put them on too可知, 随着登山的继续, 脚(feet)会痛, 所以Bobby频繁地低头看着自己疼痛的脚。
3.【解析】选B。根据上文Bobby, a poor guy was famous for his attempts to climb the big snowy mountain. 可知, Bobby上个月与Peeper去登山(mountain)。
4.【解析】选D。根据下文These are special glasses可知, Peeper给Bobby的是眼镜(glasses)。
5.【解析】选C。既然是特殊的眼镜, 能够给Bobby带来帮助, 他肯定会愿意接受(accept)。
6.【解析】选C。根据前文if your feet start hurting, put them on too可知, 他想起了Peeper所说的话: 在脚疼(hurt)时戴上眼镜。
7.【解析】选D。由前文the clouds had gathered round him可知, 他透过“云层(clouds)”看到了山顶。
8.【解析】选B。Bobby不断前进, 不再低头看脚, 忘记了脚的“疼痛(pain)”。
9.【解析】选A。根据后面in the form of the snow-covered mountain top可知, Peeper所画的是一个图片(picture)。
10.【解析】选D。根据下文的lost sight of可知, Bobby抬头时能“看见(see)”图片。
11.【解析】选A。根据前文Bobby登山时遇到云雾从而失败, 其原因在于看不到山顶, 也就是看不到“目标(goal)”。
12.【解析】选B。看不到目标的Bobby会失去信心, 没有足够的意志力(will)继续前进。
13.【解析】选D。根据下文see that his aims were not impossible可知, Bobby的目标不是不可能, 而是自己在看不见目标时会产生“灰心(discouragement)”的情绪。
14.【解析】选C。 Bobby看不见山顶时便不再攀登, 问题就出现了, 用arise来表达问题“出现”。
15.【解析】选C。此处需联系前文Peeper had drawn a light on the lenses, in the form of the snow-covered mountain top. 可知, Peeper采用一个小“技巧(trick)”帮助Bobby实现了目标。
V. 【文章大意】本文主要讲述英国的托德摩登小镇所有开放式空间都有可食用的蔬菜水果, 那里的人们在考虑食物的同时也保护了环境。
1. 【解析】to grow。考查非谓语动词。that引导的宾语从句中用了“it is+形容词+不定式”结构。it作形式主语, 真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。
2. 【解析】is used。考查时态语态。本句陈述客观事实, 应用一般现在时; 此处在句子中作谓语, 主语Any open space与动词use之间是被动关系, 所以用一般现在时的被动语态。
3. 【解析】for。考查介词。for free为固定搭配, 表示“免费的”。
4. 【解析】saying。 考查非谓语动词。say意思是“上面写着”, 与逻辑主语sign之间是主动关系, 应用现在分词。
5. 【解析】completely。考查词性转换。修饰谓语动词has changed, 应用副词。
6. 【解析】which。考查定语从句。该句为非限制性定语从句, 其先行词town是指物的名词, 且在从句中充当主语, 应用关系代词which。
7. 【解析】a。考查冠词。此处泛指一个问题, 应用不定冠词a。
8. 【解析】villagers。考查名词单复数。villager“村民”, 为可数名词, 前面有all修饰, 表示“所有的村民”, 应为复数概念。
9. 【解析】became。考查时态。从前面one day到a short time later这一部分叙述托德摩登是如何变成了一个水果蔬菜园的, 本句应与前文时态一致用一般过去时。
10. 【解析】more。考查固定用法。more than用于数词之前, 表示“超过; 多于”, 固定短语。
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