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必修第二册练习
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
Lesson 1
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1. She was ____________(frighten)that the plane would crash.
2. A prisoner has escaped ____________ a jail in northern Texas.
3. The less careful you are, the ____________(many) mistakes you will make.
4. That is the reason ____________ he must apologize.
5. Life became a struggle for ____________(survive).
6. Those who are undergoing concentrated or at-home ____________(observe)need not continue.
7. ____________(curious), this is not what other people seem to like about insurance.
8. Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ____________(equal)respected.
9. He sat behind a table on which were half a dozen ____________ (file).
10. You would get into a situation ____________ you have to decide immediately.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
on the edge of. . . , instead of , come back from, less than, all at once, pick . . . up, be covered with, in the direction of. . . , go round and round, fall into
1. You must constantly move ___________________ that goal.
2. At this stage, you begin settling for ___________________ what you deserve.
3. ___________________ the jacket, there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark.
4. I was very drunk and I did not want to shut my eyes because the room would ___________________.
5. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, _______ us __________ from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.
6. It looks as if she had just ___________________ outer space.
7. ___________________, she burst into tears.
8. It ___________________ tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river.
9. The child ___________________ the river and drowned!
10. ___________________ blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.
Ⅲ. 阅读理解
A
More than two thirds of the world’s polar bears will be wiped out by 2050, according to a shocking new study. By then, scientists say, global warming will have melted 42 percent of the Arctic sea ice. By 2100, only a very few of these important creatures will be left.
The report has been produced by the US Geological Survey. The scientists have publicized their findings in the hope of influencing US Interior Secretary Dirk Kempthorne, who has been asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.
Polar bears depend on floating sea ice as a platform for hunting seals, which are their main food. Without enough ice, polar bears would be forced to go onto the land, where they are poorly skilled hunters, and would be unlikely to adapt to the life on the land in time. Experts say few little bears would survive and the stress could make many females unable to get pregnant.
The team of American and Canadian scientists spent six months studying bears, on the ground, from spotter planes and in the lab, using computer models. Some team members fear the result is even worse for the bears than what their report says. They say the Arctic is warming faster than anywhere in the world and much faster than their computer had been forecasting. Satellite observations have showed that the ice has decreased to an all-time low.
However, not everyone in the scientific community believes that global warming is happening on such an alarming scale. Another investigation has found that polar bears are still being hunted by wealthy “sportsmen” who want their skins and heads. At least ten international companies offer bear-hunting trips.
1. What do we know about Dirk Kempthorne according to the passage?
A. He is an animal scientist.
B. He is a protector of animals working for the US government.
C. He was asked to put polar bears on the US endangered species list.
D. He offered to put polar bears on the endangered species list.
2. Why will polar bears die out if there is not enough sea ice?
A. Because polar bears can’t catch enough food without ice.
B. Because polar bears eat ice when they feel thirsty.
C. Because polar bears will be easily found by hunters without ice.
D. Because most female bears are used to giving birth under ice.
3. After a six-month study, some scientists fear that .
A. there is something wrong with their computers
B. polar bears will disappear even faster than they ever expected
C. their computer models are not as accurate as they expected
D. global warming will destroy everything in the Arctic
B
A young Dutch inventor is widening his effort to clean up floating(浮动的) plastic from the Pacific Ocean. He has developed a floating device(设备) to trap plastic waste moving into rivers before it reaches the oceans.
Boyan Slat was just 18 years old when he invented a system for catching waste in the ocean. He also founded an environmental group called “The Ocean Cleanup”. Its purpose is to develop the system. Last year, Slat showed the next step: a floating device called Interceptor. It removes plastic out of rivers. The device is powered by energy from the sun. “The 1, 000 rivers are responsible for about 80% of plastic going into the world’s oceans, ” said Slat. Three of the machines have already been used. Each machine costs about $ 775, 660, but the cost might drop as production increases.
Since they were used, the machines have been doing very well, collecting the plastic bottles and all the rubbish in the rivers. According to Slat, it is necessary to close “the tap”, which means preventing more plastic from reaching the ocean in the first place. He wanted to clean them all in the next five years. “This is not going to be easy, but if we do get this done, we could truly make our oceans again, ” said Slat.
The device is designed to be safe in rivers. Its nose is shaped to change directions to keep it away from larger floating things. It works by guiding plastic waste into an opening in the front of the device. The waste is then carried inside the machine where it is dropped into containers. The device sends a text message to local operators that can come and empty it when it is full.
4. What do we know about Interceptor?
A. It is being under test.
B. It can help sort waste.
C. It needs solar power to work.
D. It is mainly used in the oceans.
5. What does “the tap” refer to in Paragraph 3?
A. The rivers. B. The machines.
C. The oceans. D. The waste.
6. What’s the function of the device’s nose?
A. To empty the waste.
B. To serve as containers.
C. To ensure the device’s safety.
D. To send operators text messages.
7. Where is the text most likely from?
A. A diary. B. A guidebook.
C. A novel. D. A magazine.
IV.七选五
There are more than 7 billion people on Earth. Imagine what will happen if every one of us decides to do one thing—no matter how small—to protect wildlife every day. 1 Here are ways you can make a difference.
Raise an animal.
From wild animals to wild places, there’s a choice for everyone. Get together with classmates to raise an animal from a wildlife organization such as the World Wild Fund for Nature. 2
Do some volunteer work.
3 Many organizations and zoos have volunteer programs. You can help clean beaches, rescue wild animals or teach visitors. Zoos, national parks and wildlife protection areas are all home to wild animals. Learn more about our planet’s species from experts. See Earth’s most amazing creatures(生物)up close.
Speak up and join.
Share your concern for wildlife protection with your family. 4 Ask everyone you know to do what they can to stop wildlife trafficking(非法交易). Whether you’re into protecting natural living places or preventing wildlife trafficking, find the organization and take part. Become a member. Actively support the organization of your choice.
5
Find new ways to use things you already own. If you can’t reuse them, recycle. The Minnesota Zoo encourages customers to recycle mobile phones to cut down a need for the mineral coltan(钶钽铁矿), which is mined from lowland gorillas’ living places.
A. Develop a habit of recycling.
B. Try to recycle anything in your life.
C. Tell your friends how they can help.
D. If you don’t have money to give, offer your time.
E. It is a small and easy action of great importance.
F. Even little actions can have a major influence when we all work together.
G. If you are busy with your work or studying, encourage others to do it for you.
V. 完形填空
After having a child, I found my regular exercise interrupted. I was not only busy, I also lacked the motivation. Solo gym sessions or some quick 1 following the DVD while the baby sleeps didn’t 2 me at all. So I decided to sign up for a hiking trip in Peru, hoping that it would get me 3 again.
Looking over my travel arrangements before I left. I 4 phrases such as “3-hour hike 5 primitive forests” and “sliding with a rope down waterfalls”, and I started to feel a little worried.
However, as we made our way through the forests and were 6 with amazing views of awesome waterfalls, this team of strangers 7 me to go on. Being physically active with a group motivated me to reach the 8 or the valley below—rather than simply lying down on the forest floor and giving up, 9 I might have done if I were alone.
Experts confirm my experience: Group exercise can really start a new attitude toward fitness. “People get a better 10 in a group than they do on their own, ” said Allison Kimmel, a group 11 instructor. That’s because other people 12 both support and competition. “Humans are 13 animals and the shared experience of facing a challenge 14 is compelling(不可抗拒的), ” said David Ezell, the CEO of fitness provider Darien Wellness.
With the 15 of a group, I’m slowly getting back into a healthier lifestyle.
1. A. summary B. addition
C. exercise D. lecture
2. A. contribute to B. appeal to
C. cater to D. object to
3. A. acting B. flying
C. studying D. moving
4. A. examined B. scanned
C. copied D. deleted
5. A. across B. over
C. through D. beyond
6. A. rewarded B. crowded
C. covered D. equipped
7. A. begged B. forced
C. permitted D. inspired
8. A. summit B. foot
C. destination D. waterfall
9. A. that B. which
C. where D. when
10. A. position B. workout
C. income D. diet
11. A. business B. career
C. flight D. fitness
12. A. offer B. consume
C. receive D. ignore
13. A. natural B. traditional
C. practical D. social
14. A. alone B. alike
C. together D. close
15. A. popularity B. development
C. increase D. support
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. She was frightened(frighten)that the plane would crash.
2. A prisoner has escaped from a jail in northern Texas.
3. The less careful you are, the more(many) mistakes you will make.
4. That is the reason why he must apologize.
5. Life became a struggle for survival(survive).
6. Those who are undergoing concentrated or at-home observation(observe)need not continue.
7. Curiously(curious), this is not what other people seem to like about insurance.
8. Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be equally
(equal)respected.
9. He sat behind a table on which were half a dozen files (file).
10. You would get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.
Ⅱ. 1. You must constantly move in the direction of that goal.
2. At this stage, you begin settling for less than what you deserve.
3. On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth which gives off light in the dark.
4. I was very drunk and I did not want to shut my eyes because the room would go round and round .
5. Uncle Paul, my dad’s friend, picked us up from the airport and drove us up to his farm in Pecos.
6. It looks as if she had just come back from outer space.
7. All at once, she burst into tears.
8. It was covered with tall trees and the swamp was a crystal-clear river.
9. The child fell into the river and drowned!
10. Instead of blaming the child who had broken the vase, she gave him a tolerant smile and let him go.
Ⅲ.
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。本文说的是由于全球变暖, 北极熊有可能在不久的将来就要灭绝了。
1.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知, 他被要求把北极熊列入美国濒危物种名单, 故选C。
2.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段第一句可知, 如果没有足够的海冰, 北极熊会因为捕捉不到足够的猎物而濒临灭绝, 故选A。
3.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第四段第二句可知, 科学家们担心北极熊消失的速度将比他们预想的还要快, 故选B。
B
【文章大意】本文主要介绍了荷兰年轻发明家发明的一种移除河流中塑料垃圾的机器。
4.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第二段The device is powered by energy from the sun. 可知, 这台设备是以太阳能为动力的。故选C。
5.【解析】选A。词义猜测题。根据第三段第二句可知, Slat认为如果减少河里的垃圾, 就能阻止垃圾进入海洋, 此处close “the tap”是比喻说法, 因此the tap指的是河流。故选A。
6.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句可知, 这个装置在河里是安全的, 因为它的头部在碰到较大的漂浮物时会转变方向。故选C。
7.【解析】选D。文章出处题。根据第一段可知, 一位年轻的荷兰发明家正在加大力度清理太平洋上漂浮的塑料。他发明了一种漂浮装置, 在塑料垃圾到达海洋之前将其收集到河流中。因此本文是一篇科技类说明文, 可能出自杂志。故选D。
IV.【文章大意】本文主要介绍了一些可以保护野生动物的方法。
1. 【解析】选F。根据上文可知, 即使是很小的行动也会对我们所有人的行动产生重大影响。故选F。
2. 【解析】选E。根据上文可知, 领养动物这一行为是一个小而容易, 但很重要的行动。故选E。
3. 【解析】选D。根据后文可知, 此处提到的是志愿者可以做的一些事情, 如果没有钱, 可以投入一些时间。故选D。
4. 【解析】选C。根据空前一句以及空后一句可知, 此处介绍的是如何向周围的人宣传保护野生动物。故选C。
5. 【解析】选A。本空是段落小标题, 根据后文“Find new ways to use things you already own. If you can’t reuse them, recycle. 可知, 本段主要提倡循环利用。故选A。
V. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了作者产后中断了健身, 通过参加团队远足旅行重归健康生活的故事。
1.【解析】选C。句意: 趁孩子睡觉时, 一个人健身或者跟着DVD做一些快速的锻炼一点也不吸引我。上文I found my regular exercise interrupted是提示。
2.【解析】选B。由下文So I decided to sign up for a hiking trip in Peru 可知, 一个人健身或者跟着DVD做一些快速的锻炼一点也不吸引作者, 所以才参加了远足旅行。
3.【解析】选D。句意: 所以我决定报名参加在秘鲁的远足旅行, 希望这次旅行能让我再动起来。由前文的 interrupted可知, 作者的运动被打断, 希望通过这次旅行能让自己再次运动(move)起来。
4.【解析】选B。句意: 我浏览(scan)了一些标语, 如“徒步3小时通过原始森林”和“用绳子滑下瀑布”, 我开始感到有点担心。这里指作者在出发之前查看了一些标语。
5.【解析】选C。这里指的是从森林内部穿过。故用through。
6.【解析】选A。句意: 然而, 当我们穿过森林时, 我们欣赏到了令人赞叹的瀑布景观。be rewarded with得到……的奖赏。
7.【解析】选D。句意: 陌生的队友激励了我继续前行。由Being physically active with a group motivated. . . 可知, 应选inspired。
8.【解析】选A。句意: 和一群人一起运动, 促使我到达山顶(summit)或下面的山谷。后面的or the valley below有提示, 故可判断此空指的是“山顶”。
9.【解析】选B。句意: 和一群人在一起运动, 促使我到达山顶或下面的山谷, 而不是躺在森林的草地上放弃, 如果我一个人的话, 可能做不到。分析句子可知, 这是which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前面的整个句子, 在句中作宾语。故用which。
10.【解析】选B。句意: 人们参加团队健身比一个人健身能得到更好的锻炼(workout)。上文 Group exercise. . . 是提示。
11.【解析】选D。由说话的内容可知, 是一名健身(fitness)教练。
12.【解析】选A。因为团队里其他人提供(offer)了鼓励同时也形成了竞争的态势。
13.【解析】选D。句意: 人类是社会性(social)动物, 共同面对挑战时一起分享经验是不可抗拒的。
14.【解析】选C。人类是社会性的动物, 所以具有共同(together)面对挑战的特点。
15.【解析】选D。句意: 在团队的支持(support)下, 我慢慢回到了更健康的生活方式。前文both support and competition是提示。
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