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必修第二册练习
Unit 5 Humans and Nature
Topic Talk
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. They helped many people who had experienced ____________ (disaster).
2. He is the greatest ____________ (live) novelist in England.
3. It is not necessary to wear masks at outdoor parks and streets that are not ____________(crowd).
4. These ____________(comment) came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
5. Neighbours were ____________(shock)that such an attack could happen in their area.
6. Ash from a volcanic ____________(erupt) in Iceland has begun disrupting air traffic in Britain.
7. She attended a series of ____________ (lecture) about science fiction writing.
8. You can have an idea worth ____________ (million)of dollars.
Ⅱ. 选词填空
turn one’s back on, be covered with, as a result, be famous for, in the face of
1. Scotland has many lakes and mountains, and _________________ its beautiful countryside.
2. In a few years’ time, those mountains _________________ trees too.
3. Perhaps you have great intentions, but they break _________________ reality.
4. When he became rich he didn’t _________________ his old friends.
5. _________________, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
Ⅲ. 完成句子
1. After hearing Steve’s playing, Tom refused to __________________________.
听了史蒂夫的演奏后, 汤姆拒绝对此发表评论。
2. We should never give up __________________________.
面对困难, 我们绝不会放弃。
3. Whenever you __________________________, you distance yourself from wisdom, joy and strength.
每当你背弃真理, 你就远离了智慧、欢乐和力量。
4. __________________________, the bad thing has been turned into a good one.
结果坏事变成了好事。
5. All the furniture __________________________.
所有的家具都盖着布单子。
IV. 阅读理解
A
When Debbie Parkhurst choked (呛, 噎) on a piece of apple at her Maryland home, her dog jumped in, landing hard on her chest and forcing the piece of apple to pop out of her throat. Debbie Parkhurst’s husband, Kevin, was at his job at a chemical firm when she took a midday break from the jewelry shop and bit into an apple. When the Keesling family of Indiana were about to be overcome by carbon monoxide(CO), their cat clawed (抓) at wife Cathy’s hair until she woke up and called for help.
For their timely acts, Toby, a golden 2-year-old dog, and Winnie, a gray-eyed American shorthair, were named Dog and Cat of the Year by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.
Neither Parkhurst nor Keesling could explain their pets’ timely action, though Parkhurst suggested it might have been guided by God intervention (干预). “That’s what our veterinarian (兽医) said, ” she said. “He wasn’t making a joke; he’s very serious, and now I have to agree with him. ”
But both pets were themselves rescued in baby, Toby as a 4-week-old baby thrown into a garbage bin to die, and Winnie as a week-old baby hiding under a barn, so helpless that Keesling’s husband, Eric, had to feed her milk.
As the Keeslings recalled it, a gas-driven pump spread carbon monoxide through the house. By the time Winnie moved into rescue spot, the couple’s 14-year-old son, Michael, was already unconscious(无意识的). “Winnie jumped on the bed and was clawing at me, with a kind of angry noise, ” Cathy Keesling said. “When I woke up I felt like a T-bar had hit me across the head. ” State police and officers said the family was only minutes from death, judging by the amount of poisonous gas in the house.
1. How did Debbie’s dog help her?
A. It barked loudly and took the piece of apple out.
B. It jumped onto her chest and pressed it, making the piece of apple out.
C. It put a hard thing on her chest to take the piece of apple out.
D. It broke the piece of apple and took it out.
2. We can know Debbie Parkhurst .
A. works in a chemical factory
B. was making jewelry when she had the accident
C. might have died without her pet’s help
D. was unconscious when her pet found her
3. Why did Winnie try to wake Cathy Keesling up?
A. Because there was danger in the house.
B. Because she was hungry and wanted milk.
C. Because another cat was clawing at Cathy angrily.
D. Because a T-bar was going to hit her.
4. From the passage we can infer that .
A. Toby and Winnie are dangerous
B. all pets are useful to people
C. we can’t never be too careful in our daily life
D. to help others sometimes can get reward
B
The octopus(章鱼) has been a little frightening to people for years. It seems like it could be from another planet, because the animal has eight slippery arms, each of which has its own kind of brain. It is very different from a person’s brain.
However, it turns out the sea creatures might be more like us than we thought. Scientists say that octopuses have been building cities underwater. Scientists have discovered that the so-called “gloomy (忧郁的, 幽暗的) octopus”, whose scientific name is octopus tetricus, is not that gloomy and alone after all.
In Jervis Bay, in eastern Australia, this type of octopus has been seen to gather at a site that looks like a small city. Scientists have named it Octlantis. Octopuses have a way of talking to each other there and even kick each other out of the site. Professor David Scheel, leading a study on them, compares, Octlantis to our towns in his new report. The octopuses might be acting the way people do to each other, he said.
The discovery of Octlantis is important. It backs up scientists’ ideas about what octopuses do. Another nearby octopus city in Australia was found below the water in 2009. It was thought to be the only one then. The city, named Octopolis, was formed around a large piece of metal made by people. A writer, Peter Godfrey-Smith, who wrote a book about octopuses, went diving at the underwater city. He saw it as an underwater island where octopuses would be protected. They could hide from sharks and dolphins.
Octlantis does not have any human object at its center. Its ocean builders have built walls from the shells of other animals. These shells come from animals the octopuses ate. One reason for these underwater towns may be that there is a food supply nearby.
The cities may help the octopus evolve(进化), or change over a long period of time. They could make octopus brains better, Godfrey-Smith said. Octopus cities let us see how the animals act. They are said to be as smart as a person who is 3 years old.
5. Why is the discovery of Octlantis important for scientists?
A. It shows that octopuses can use human objects to build cities and houses
B. It shows that octopuses could have built more cities.
C. It shows that octopuses know how to work in groups to find food for everyone.
D. It shows that octopuses can live together in peace instead of just fighting each other.
6. Which sentence from the 4th paragraph explains why octopuses might choose to live in an underwater city?
A. They could hide from sharks and dolphins.
B. It was thought to be the only one then.
C. It backs up scientists’ ideas about what octopuses do.
D. The city, named Octopolis, was formed around a large piece of metal made by people.
7. What is the main writing purpose of the last paragraph?
A. It shows how smart the octopus is.
B. It shows how the octopus has evolved.
C. It explains why it is important to study octopus cities.
D. It calls on the readers to protect the octopus.
8. What can the readers get to know because of the discovery of octopus cities?
A. Octopuses have brains even in their arms.
B. Octopuses might even be smarter than humans.
C. Octopuses are very dangerous because they can work together.
D. Octopuses have something in common with humans.
V. 完形填空
Owura Kwadwo Hottish teaches computer science in a school. It is a normal school except for the fact that it didn’t have 1 .
Owura became famous after he posted photos of him on the Internet. In the picture, people could see he was teaching his students by 2 an entire computer on the blackboard. The photos showed the 3 level of education for children in Ghana. People were 4 that Owura made sure each button was drawn correctly.
He would come to school half an hour ahead of 5 every day. He drew the computer on the blackboard, but at the end of his class, it was 6 off to start the next class, so he had to 7 it the next day!
Owura’s efforts 8 when Microsoft (微软公司) took 9 of his act. They first took him to an international educators’ meeting in Singapore. He made a 10 about his teaching methods at the meeting and 11 a standing ovation (鼓掌) after the speech.
12 , Owura got the thing he always wanted for his students—some companies 13 computers to the school. Not a single child in the school had seen a real computer in their lives. Thanks to their teacher’s 14 , the world took notice and responded with 15 to them.
1. A. classrooms B. computers
C. playgrounds D. tools
2. A. operating B. repairing C. describing D. drawing
3. A. poor B. clear C. ancient D. lucky
4. A. worried B. disappointed
C. afraid D. surprised
5. A. line B. culture
C. schedule D. school
6. A. rubbed B. called
C. cut D. shown
7. A. stress B. improve
C. ruin D. repeat
8. A. broke out B. paid off
C. came back D. held back
9. A. care B. charge
C. place D. notice
10. A. plan B. speech C. decision D. medal
11. A. made B. waited
C. received D. carried
12. A. Suddenly B. Importantly
C. Hopelessly D. Strangely
13. A. lent B. sold C. donated D. applied
14. A. efforts B. pains C. humor D. doubt
15. A. wisdom B. honesty C. kindness D. pride
VI. 语法填空
Many have heard of shark’s fin soup. This famous and expensive dish is
1. ________(especial) popular in southern China. 2. ________do you realize that you’re killing a whole shark each time you enjoy a bowl of shark’s fin soup? When people catch sharks, they cut off their fins and throw the shark back into
3. ________ocean. Without a fin, a shark can no longer swim and slowly dies.
This method is not only cruel, but also 4. ________(harm) to the environment. Sharks are at the top of the food chain in the ocean’s ecosystem. If their numbers drop too low, it will bring danger to all ocean life. Many believe that sharks can never be endangered because they are the 5. ________(strong) in their food chain. But in fact, around 70 million sharks 6. ________(catch) and traded in this industry every year. The numbers of some kinds of sharks 7. ________ (fall) by over 90 percent in the last 20 to 30 years.
Environmental protection 8. ________ (group)around the world, such as Wild-Aid and the WWF, have asked governments to develop laws 9. ________(stop) the sale of shark’s fins. So far, no scientific studies have shown that shark’s fins are good 10. ________health, so why eat them? Help save the sharks!
参考答案
Ⅰ.1. They helped many people who had experienced disasters (disaster).
2. He is the greatest living (live) novelist in England.
3. It is not necessary to wear masks at outdoor parks and streets that are not crowded(crowd).
4. These comments(comment) came in response to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.
5. Neighbours were shocked(shock)that such an attack could happen in their area.
6. Ash from a volcanic eruption(erupt) in Iceland has begun disrupting air traffic in Britain.
7. She attended a series of lectures (lecture) about science fiction writing.
8. You can have an idea worth millions (million)of dollars.
Ⅱ.1. Scotland has many lakes and mountains, and is famous for its beautiful countryside.
2. In a few years’ time, those mountains will be covered with trees too.
3. Perhaps you have great intentions, but they break in the face of reality.
4. When he became rich he didn’t turn his back on his old friends.
5. As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.
Ⅲ. 1. After hearing Steve’s playing, Tom refused to make a comment on it.
2. We should never give up in the face of difficulties.
3. Whenever you turn your back on truth, you distance yourself from wisdom, joy and strength.
4. As a result, the bad thing has been turned into a good one.
5. All the furniture was covered with sheets.
IV.
A
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。叙述了两只被人类救助的宠物Toby和Winnie, 在危难时刻救了自己的主人Debbie Parkhurst和Keesling一家的故事。
1.【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段第一句可知, Debbie的狗跳到Debbie的胸口上, 重重地压了一下, 把那块苹果弄了出来。
2.【解析】选C。细节理解题。根据第一段前半段的内容可知, 如果没有她的宠物的帮助, Debbie Parkhurst可能已经死了。
3.【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第五段前半段的内容可知, Winnie想让Cathy Keesling醒来的原因是房子里有危险。
4.【解析】选D。推理判断题。结合文章主要内容为叙述两只被人类救助的宠物Toby和Winnie, 在危难时刻救了自己主人的故事, 由此可推知, 从这篇文章我们可以推断, 帮助动物有时可以得到回报。
B
【文章大意】本文主要讲述了科学家发现章鱼在水下建城市及其意义。
5.【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第二段第二句和第四段前两句可知, Octlantis的发现非常重要, 因为它表明章鱼可能在水下建更多的城市。故选B。
6.【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知, 章鱼选择住在水下城市的原因是躲避鲨鱼和海豚, 所以“They could hide from sharks and dolphins. ”一句解释了其原因。故选A。
7.【解析】选C。目的意图题。通读最后一段内容尤其Octopus cities let us see how the animals act. 可知, 章鱼城市让我们看到动物是如何表现的, 所以本段的写作目的是解释为什么研究章鱼城市很重要。故选C。
8.【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第二段第一句及第三段最后一句可知, 由于章鱼城市的发现, 读者可以了解到, 章鱼和人类有很多共同点。故选D。
V. 【文章大意】本文主要向我们描述了经过Owura和一些老师的努力, 全世界都注意到了这个学校, 成功帮到了这些孩子。
1.【解析】选B。根据第一段可知, Owura 在学校教计算机课程。结合第二段第二句可知, Owura 在黑板上教计算机, 因此可推测, 这个学校没有电脑。classrooms 教室; computers计算机; playgrounds游乐场; tools工具。故选B。
2.【解析】选D。根据on the blackboard可知, Owura 在黑板上画了一个电脑来教学生。operate操作; repair修理; describe 描述; draw绘图。故选D。
3.【解析】选A。根据上文可知, Owura 教计算机要通过在黑板上绘画, 因此当地的教育水平很低。poor 贫穷的, 差的; clear清楚的; ancient 古代的; lucky幸运的。故选A。
4.【解析】选D。根据后文可知, Owura 在黑板上画电脑, 而且每个按键都能画对, 这让人们感到很惊奇。worried担心; disappointed 失望; afraid害怕; surprised惊讶的。故选D。
5.【解析】选C。Owura 比学校规定的时间早到。line线路; culture文化; schedule 时间表; school学校。故选C。
6.【解析】选A。根据空后 to start the next class开始下一次课, 说明开始下节课前要擦黑板。rub摩擦; call呼叫; cut切割; show展示。 故选A。
7.【解析】选D。为了开始下一节课, 他画的电脑会被擦掉, 因此第二天得再次画。stress强调; improve改进; ruin毁坏; repeat重复。故选D。
8.【解析】选B。当微软注意到Owura的行为时, 他的努力得到了回报。break out爆发; pay off得到回报; come back回来; hold back阻止。故选B。
9.【解析】选D。根据下文可知, 微软公司注意到了Owura, 所以才会带他去新加坡参加教育工作者会议。care护理; charge 充电; place 地点; notice通知, 注意。故选D。
10.【解析】选B。根据空处所在句子可知, 他作了一场演讲。plan计划; speech演讲; decision决定; medal 奖章。故选B。
11.【解析】选C。Owura 在会议上发表了演讲, 收到了别人的热烈鼓掌。make制作; wait等待; receive接收; carry搬运。故选C。
12.【解析】选B。根据后文可知, Owura得到了他一直想要给学生们的东西: 电脑, 这是最重要的。suddenly突然; importantly 重要地; hopelessly绝望地; strangely 奇怪地。故选B。
13.【解析】选C。根据最后一句的内容可知, 一些公司捐赠学校电脑。lend借; sell卖出; donate捐赠; apply应用。故选C。
14.【解析】选A。根据上文可知, 他们的老师为他们付出了很多努力。effort努力; pain疼痛; humor 幽默; doubt怀疑。故选A。
15.【解析】选C。根据上文有些公司给学校捐赠了电脑可知, 老师们的努力得到了世人善意地回应。wisdom智慧; honesty诚实; kindness仁慈; pride骄傲。故选C。
VI. 【文章大意】本文主要呼吁人们帮助拯救鲨鱼, 不要为了吃鱼翅而捕杀鲨鱼。
1. 【解析】especially。考查词性转换。修饰形容词popular, 应用副词。
2. 【解析】But。考查连词。前后句之间为转折关系, 所以用转折连词but。
3. 【解析】the。考查冠词。在江、河、湖、海、山脉、运河、群岛以及沙漠的名词前需要加the。
4. 【解析】harmful。考查词性转换。be harmful to对……有害。
5. 【解析】strongest。考查形容词最高级。根据定冠词the和后面的in their food chain可知, 此处指食物链中最强壮的。应用形容词最高级形式。
6. 【解析】are caught。考查时态和语态。根据时间状语every year可知用一般现在时。主语sharks与catch之间为被动关系, 所以用被动语态。
7. 【解析】have fallen。考查时态。根据时间状语in the last 20 to 30 years可知用现在完成时。
8. 【解析】groups。考查名词的数。名词group为可数名词, 前无冠词, 所以用复数形式。
9. 【解析】to stop。考查非谓语动词。此处是不定式作目的状语。
10. 【解析】for。考查短语。be good for“有益于……”。
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