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2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019）
考题猜想05语法填空培优专练20篇解析版
满分策略
一、括号内给动词的三种填法：
1. 谓语动词方向，然后进一步考虑该谓语动词的时态、语态和主谓一致；
2. 非谓语动词方向，再结合语境逻辑和搭配考虑用动词不定式、-ing形式或过去分词；
3. 动词词类转换方向，结合语境考虑动词转化为名词或转化为-ing/-ed形容词。
二、填写动词时态语态和主谓一致“四看”：
1. 看句子明确的时间状语，如in the past three months;
2. 看句子特定的句型，如This is the first time that…;
3. 看主从句时态呼应，如状语从句考虑“主将从现”；
4. 看特定语境，如科普类文章多用一般现在时，故事经历类文章多用一般过去时。
三、语法填空两个重要理念：
1. 同一个考点不重复考查。如谓语考查两个不同时态或同一时态不同语态；非谓语考查to do, -ing或-ed形式中1-3个；名词考查动词变名词或单数变复数；形容词考查变副词或比较等级等；介词、冠词、代词同一语篇一般只考查一次。
2. 括号内所给单词一次变形。想考查副词给形容词；想考查名词给动词或形容词；想考查形容词给名词或动词；想考查名词复数给名词单数形式。
四、自由填空黄金做题思路:
1. 填写介词，需要考虑空前空后与动词、名词或形容词的固定搭配或习惯用法；
2. 填写冠词，考虑a和an的区别，以及定冠词和不定冠词的区别以及含冠词固定搭配；
3. 填写连词，既要考虑并列句中and, or ,but的选择又要考虑名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句连接词的选择；
4. 是填写代词，高频词是it，还有one，another, either, neither, that等不定代词。上述自由填空一般占3-4空，其余为给词填空。
五、规范训练目标：
做标记，留痕迹；零失误；限时6分钟/每篇。
考点例析
考点一：提示词为动词，考查谓语动词。
若句中没有其他的谓语动词，或者虽已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所给动词就是谓语动词，就要考虑时态、语态和主谓一致，偶尔也有考查虚拟语气的情况。
例1 (2025•八省联考卷) The UN Chinese Language Day not only provides a unique platform for the world to better understand China, but also (promote) language and cultural exchanges in the world.
答案: promotes。
解析：考查时态和主谓一致。句意：联合国中文日不仅为世界提供了一个更好地了解中国的独特平台，而且促进了世界范围内的语言和文化交流。此处与provides并列作谓语，时态应用一般现在时，且主语为The UN Chinese Language Day，本空用promote“促进”的第三人称单数promotes。故填promotes。
例2 (2024•浙江1月卷) However, though it’s nice to get a few cents off a pack of sausages, it would help even more if they could sometimes 61 (offer) in smaller packs.
答案: be offered。
解析：考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：然而，虽然一包香肠能便宜几美分是件好事，但如果有时能以小包装出售，那就更好了。动词offer意为“提供”，和主语构成被动关系，主语they代指前文中的sausages。在情态动词could后动词应用原形。故填be offered。
例3（2023全国乙卷）Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.
答案：was amazed。
解析：考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。
考点二：提示词为动词，考查非谓语动词。
若句中已有谓语动词且不是并列谓语时，则所给动词应用非谓语动词形式。一般而言，v.－ing形式表示主动、进行；动词－ed形式表示被动、完成；动词不定式表示目的、将来、具体或一次性的动作。
例4（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether (bite) a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), or to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
答案: to bite。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。decide to do sth.“决定做某事”，用不定式作宾语，空处与后面to put并列作宾语，故填to bite。
例5（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, where all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, (borrow) some familiar words from many age-old fables.
答案：borrowing。
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中已有谓语动词，所以用非谓语动词形式。逻辑主语her fable与borrow之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词作状语。故填borrowing。
考点三：提示词为动词，考查词性转换为名词或形容词。
当所给提示词虽为动词，但既不是谓语动词又不是非谓语动词时，就要考虑进行词性转换。高考中常考查动词变为名词，偶有变形容词或副词的情况。做题时只需根据其所作句子成分来确定其词性便可做出正确的转换。
例6（2023新高考II卷）Since June 2017, right before the 36 (arrive) of the two new pandas, Meng Meng and Jiao Qing, I have been helping the panda keepers at the zoo to feel more comfortable and confident speaking English.
答案：arrival。
解析：考查名词。句意：从2017年6月开始，就在两只新大熊猫“萌萌”和“娇青”到来之前，我一直在帮助动物园的熊猫饲养员更舒服、更自信地说英语。分析句子结构可知，空前是冠词，空后是介词，所以空处应填名词作介词before的宾语，arrive的名词形式是arrival，不可数名词。故填arrival。
例7（2021全国II卷）I was so________ (excite) when he wrote back to me.
答案：excited
解析：考查形容词。句意：当他给我回信时，我很兴奋。该空作was之后的表语，用形容词，修饰人，用v+ed形式的形容词，所以填excited。
考点四：提示词为名词，考查名词的数与格及词形转换。
所给词为名词时，常考查单复数的变化，此时应首先判断所给名词为可数还是不可数再根据其修饰词来确定，例如，当其前有one of, many, different, all等词或短语且所给名词为可数名词时，应用其复数形式；有时也考查名词的所有格，此时它应做定语，译作“……的”。 所给词为名词时，有时也考查词类转换，主要是名词变为形容词或动词。
例8（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give 41 (interview) in English with international journalists.
答案：interviews。
解析：考查名词的数。句意：他们还需要准备好用英语接受国际记者的采访。分析句子结构可知，空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，interview意为“采访”为可数名词，不止一段采访，应用复数形式。故填interviews。
例9（2022新高考II卷）He saved my _________ (son) life," said Mrs. Brown.
答案：son’s
解析：考查名词所有格。句意：他拯救了我儿子的生命。根据句意，life与提示词son之间是所属关系，故应该使用名词所有格。故填son’s。
例10（2023浙江1月卷） The hutongs they formed were orderly, lined by (space) homes and walled gardens.
答案：spacious。
解析：考查形容词。句意：他们建立的胡同井然有序。宽大的房屋和有墙的花园成行排列。空格处需要填形容词作定语修饰空格后的名词homes。故填spacious。
考点五：提示词代词，考查代词的数、格或反身代词。
所给词为代词时，常考查人称代词变为物主代词，此时其后一般会有一个名词，所给代词就是用来修饰这个名词的，译作“……的”。 所给词为代词时，有时考查人称代词变为反身代词。这两种情况一般可依据所作成分或句意进行判断。
例11（2023新高考I卷）Nanxiang aside, the best Xiao long bao have a fine skin, allowing them to be lifted out of the steamer basket without allowing them tearing or spilling any of 42 (they) contents.
答案：their。
解析：考查代词。句意：除了南翔，最好的小笼包有一个精致的外皮，可以让它们从蒸笼篮中拿出来，而不会撕裂或溢出里面的东西。修饰后面的名词contents(东西)需用形容词性物主代词their。故填their。
例12（2021全国I卷）As the song goes, this long and winding road "will never disappear", and it will always stick in the visitor’s memory. It sure does in （I）.
答案：mine
解析：句意为：对我来说的确如此。指my memory,所以用名词性物主代词作介词的宾语,故填mine.
例13（2020年新高考卷）As well as looking at exhibits, visitors can play with computer simulations (模拟) and imagine _________ (they) living at a different time in history or walking through a rainforest.
答案：themselves
解析：考查反身代词。句意:除了观赏展品，游客还可以玩电脑模拟游戏，想象自己生活在一个不同的历史时期，或者漫步在热带雨林中。此处指代visitors，意为“他们自己”，应使用反身代词。故填themselves。
考点六：提示词为形容词，考查形容词或副词的比较等级。
当提示词为形容词或副词时，常考查比较等级(即比较级和最高级)。此时一般可根据所给提示词前后的than, by, the, even等比较等级中常出现的特殊词汇并结合语意去进行判断。
例14（2023浙江1月卷）Their siheyuan were far smaller in scale and (simple)in design and decoration, and the hutongs were narrower.
答案：simpler。
解析：考查形容词比较级。句意：他们的四合院规模要小很多，并且在设计和装饰上更加简单，并且胡同也更窄。根据句子结构和and可知，空格处需要填形容词比较级和前面的smaller构成并列结构作表语。故填simpler。
例15（2022全国甲卷）In the last five years, Cao has walked through 34 countries in six continents, and in 2016, he reached the top of Kilimanjaro, Africa’s ____________ (high) mountain.
答案:highest。
考查形容词最高级。句意：在过去的五年中，曹穿越了六大洲的34个国家，2016年，他到达了乞力马扎罗山顶，这是非洲最高的山峰。根据空前Africa’s可知，此处表示乞力马扎罗山是非洲最高的山脉，应用形容词最高级。故填highest。
考点七：提示词为形容词，考查形容词词性转换为副词甚至动词。
当所给提示词虽为形容词或副词且不是考查比较等级时，则应考虑形容词或副词的词性转换，一般常考查形容词变为副词或名词。做题时，除了根据句意进行判断外，主要应从其所作成分去思考。
例16（2023新高考I卷）No matter where I buy them, one steamer is 44 (rare) enough, yet two seems greedy, so I am always left wanting more next time.
答案：rarely。
解析：考查副词。句意：无论我在哪里买，一蒸笼都不够，而两蒸笼又显得太贪心了，所以我总是想下次再买。修饰形容词用副词作状语，rarely“少有”，故填rarely。
例17（2023新高考II卷）So, what are they learning? 43 (basic), how to describe a panda’s life.
答案：Basically。
解析：考查副词。句意：基本上，如何描述熊猫的生活。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰空后整个句子，应该用副词修饰，basic的副词形式是basically位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Basically。
考点八：无提示词，根据句子含义填冠词。
若空后有名词且两者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，则一般填冠词。此外，还需注意冠词的固定搭配。
例18（2023新高考I卷）The meat should be fresh with 43 touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
答案：a。
解析：考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
例19（2023新高考II卷）Not the pandas, even though 39 language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
答案：the。
解析：考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
考点九：无提示词，根据句子含义填介词。
当名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前一般填介词。高考语法填空中对介词的考查侧重固定搭配或习惯用法，应注意平时多积累。
例20（2023新高考I卷）There you will find them prepared differently- more dumpling and less soup, and the wrappers are pressed 40 hand rather than rolled.
答案：by。
解析：考查介词。句意：在那里，你会发现它们的制作方式不同——更多汤包，更少的汤，包子皮是用手压的，而不是擀出来的。by hand“用手”是固定搭配，根据句意，故填by。
例21（2023全国甲卷）She warns of the environmental dangers facing society, and she teaches that people must take responsibility 68 saving their environment.
答案：for。
解析：考查介词。句意：她警告社会面临的环境危险，并教导人们必须承担起保护环境的责任。take responsibility for对……负责。故填for。
考点十：无提示词，根据句子含义填代词。
当句子缺少主语或宾语时，一般要填入代词或名词。高考侧重对it作形式主语、宾语的考查，近几年对人称代词、不定代词的考查往往会给提示词的。
例22（2018年浙江卷）Many westerners who come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap _________ can be to eat out.
答案：it
解析：考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主语，it是形式主语。故填it。
考点十一：无提示词，根据句子含义填并列连词。
当空格处前后是同一层次并具有相同句法功能的词、短语或句子时，空格处一般填并列连词。此时要根据前后部分的逻辑关系或固定句式去填and, but，or等。
例23（2023新高考I卷）To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill (溢出), 38 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
答案：or。
解析：考查连词。句意：吃小笼包的时候，你必须要决定是先咬一个小口流出汤汁，还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里，让热汤在舌头上爆炸。whether...or... “是……还是……”，固定搭配，根据句意，故填or。
例24（2023新高考II卷）It’s been an honor to watch the panda programme develop 44 to see the pandas settle into their new home.
答案：and。
解析：考查连词。句意：我很荣幸能看到熊猫项目的发展，看到熊猫们在新家安顿下来。分析句子结构可知，“to watch the panda programme develop”和“to see the pandas settle into their new home”两者是并列关系，应该用and连接。故填and。
例25（2023全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 65 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
答案：but。
解析：考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。
考点十二：无提示词，根据句子含义填定语从句关系代词或关系副词。
设空处跟在名词后面，且空后的句子对这个名词进行修饰限定，即表示这个名词的性质、特点等，则为定语从句，然后再根据这个名词在空后句子中所作的成分去判断用何关系词。
例26（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58will make them the most money.
答案：that/which。
解析：考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
例27（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
答案：where。
解析：考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
考点十三：无提示词，根据句子含义填名词性从句连接词。
设空处后面有两个谓语动词，通常后面的那个是主句的谓语，前面为主语从句；设空处跟在及物动词或介词后面，且后面有谓语动词，通常为宾语从句；设空处跟在系动词后面(注意系动词不仅仅是指be动词，还包括感官动词和表示动作保持或变化的动词)，则为表语从句。
例28（2023新高考II卷）They also need to be ready to give interviews in English with international journalists. This is 42 they need an English trainer.
答案：why。
解析：考查表语从句。句意：这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因。分析句子结构可知，空处引导表语从句，从句中结构完整，应该用连接副词连接，前文提到需要培训师的原因，此处是表达“这就是他们需要英语培训师的原因”之意，应用why引导表语从句。故填why。
例29（2021全国I卷）_____________is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this-world scenes.
答案：what。
解析：考查主语从句。句意为：这段经历让人叹为观止的是那些超凡脱俗的场景。引导主语从句,在从句中作主语,表示"……的东西",故填What。
考点十四：无提示词，根据句子含义填状语从句连接词。
设空处所在的句子后面为逗号，逗号后为另一个句子，此时一般为状语从句。从属连词是连词的一种，用来引导从句，作为主句的一部分，修饰主句。确定从属连词的关键是，先判断其前后是不是两个完整的句子，它们是否都有各自的谓语，然后根据句意确定它们的从属关系判断具体用哪个词。
例30（2020全国III卷）__________ he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and pointed down the river.
答案：When/As。
解析：考查连接词。句意：当他问河岸上的村民，他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时，他们笑着指着河的下游。本句为时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”，且从句中动词asked为短暂性动作动词，不能用while引导，故应用when或as引导。句首单词首字母要大写。故填When/As。
Passage 01
（23-24高一上·四川广安·期末）阅读下面短文在空白处填入 1 个恰当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
With a pair of scissors and a piece of red paper, Fu Zhao’e from the Ningxia Hui autonomous region can cut out an image of Argentina football star Lionel Messi within a couple of 1 (minute).
Fu, a third-generation inheritor (继承者) of paper cutting, began learning the craft at the age of six from her mother and grandmother. 2 the Qatar World Cup started, Fu has been creating works of football superstars who 3 (admire) by a lot of fans.
“I can cut out anything 4 I can picture in my mind, 5 (include) people, animals and scenery,” said Fu. Until now, 63, she 6 (create) a rich series of lifelike paper-cutting works. Like her mother, Fu’s second daughter Li Jian has also focused herself 7 promoting the art form, by opening a cultural and creative product company that produces 8 wide range of products such as greeting cards, fridge magnets and key rings with paper-cutting designs.
Fu believes that paper-cutting works not only serve as festival decorations, but also express people’s hopes for a 9 (good) life. 10 (doubt), Fu is a national-level inheritor of paper-cutting. Her works show the customs of northwestern China and have strong ethnic characteristics. She was recognized as a Chinese folk craft artist by UNESCO.
【答案】
1．minutes 2．Since 3．are admired 4．that 5．including 6．has created 7．on 8．a 9．better 10．Undoubtedly
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了宁夏回族自治区的剪纸第三代传承人伏兆娥能用红纸剪出各种形象，自卡塔尔世界杯开始创作球星作品，其女儿也致力于推广这门艺术。
1．考查名词复数。句意：来自宁夏回族自治区的伏兆娥用一把剪刀和一张红纸，能在几分钟内剪出阿根廷足球明星莱昂内尔•梅西的形象。minute(分钟)是可数名词，作宾语，根据“a couple of”可知，用复数形式。故填minutes。
2．考查连词。句意：自卡塔尔世界杯开始以来，伏兆娥一直在创作深受众多球迷喜爱的足球巨星作品。根据主句“Fu has been creating works...”可知，此处表示从世界杯开始这个时间点到现在，用连词since(自从)引导时间状语从句，符合语境；句首单词首字母大写。故填Since。
3．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：自卡塔尔世界杯开始以来，伏兆娥一直在创作深受众多球迷喜爱的足球巨星作品。admire(钦佩，喜爱)是定语从句中谓语动词，与主语who(即指代的先行词football superstars)之间是被动关系，结合语境可知，描述现在的客观情况，用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语用复数形式。故填are admired。
4．考查定语从句。句意：“我能剪出我脑海中能想象到的任何东西，包括人、动物和风景，”伏兆娥说。“____ I can picture in my mind”是限制性定语从句，修饰先行词anything，关系词将其代入从句中作宾语，且先行词是不定代词，只能用关系代词that引导该从句。故填that。
5．考查介词。句意：“我能剪出我脑海中能想象到的任何东西，包括人、动物和风景，”伏兆娥说。include(包括)是动词，这里要用介词including(包括……在内)，用来列举事物。故填including。
6．考查时态。句意：到现在，63岁的她已经创作了一系列栩栩如生的剪纸作品。create(创作)是谓语动词，与主语she之间是主动关系，根据“Until now”可知，此处表示从过去持续到现在的动作，用现在完成时态，主语是第三人称单数代词，助动词用has。故填has created。
7．考查介词。句意：和她母亲一样，伏兆娥的二女儿李剑也专注于推广这种艺术形式，她开了一家文化创意产品公司，生产一系列带有剪纸设计的产品，如贺卡、冰箱贴和钥匙链。focus oneself on...是固定短语，意为“专注于……”。故填on。
8．考查冠词。句意：和她母亲一样，伏兆娥的二女儿李剑也专注于推广这种艺术形式，她开了一家文化创意产品公司，生产一系列带有剪纸设计的产品，如贺卡、冰箱贴和钥匙链。a wide range of是固定短语，意为“广泛的，各种各样的”。故填a。
9．考查形容词比较级。句意：伏兆娥认为，剪纸作品不仅可以作为节日装饰，还能表达人们对更美好生活的向往。根据语境可知，这里表示和现在相比“更美好”的生活，用形容词比较级better作定语。故填better。
10．考查副词。句意：毫无疑问，伏兆娥是国家级剪纸传承人。提示词在句中修饰整个句子，用副词undoubtedly(毫无疑问地)作状语；句首单词首字母大写。故填Undoubtedly。
Passage 02
（24-25高一上·云南红河·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese tea ceremony (茶道) is a profound cultural expression that has gone through ages, attracting hearts and minds with 1 (it) beauty and depth.
Tea has a long and storied history in China, 2 (date) back thousands of years. It is said that Shennong, one of the legendary 3 (character) in ancient China, discovered tea when leaves from a wild tree fell into his boiling water. Over time, tea became an important part of Chinese culture, not only as a drink but also as 4 symbol of treat and friendship. During the Tang Dynasty, tea drinking 5 (become) popular among the upper classes, and the art of tea making began to take shape.
Tea is known for its numerous health benefits. Different types of tea, such as green tea, black tea, oolong tea, and pu-erh tea, have different effects 6 the body. It’s believed that green tea is helpful 7 (prevent) cancer, lower cholesterol, and improve digestion.
The Chinese tea ceremony is a rich and diverse cultural heritage that offers a look into the ancient 8 (wise) and modern charm of China. 9 (obvious), through its history, philosophy, art, and health benefits, the tea ceremony continues to inspire and enrich our lives. Let’s cherish and promote this wonderful tradition, 10 can help more people experience the beauty and magic of Chinese tea.
【答案】1．its 2．dating 3．characters 4．a 5．became 6．on 7．to prevent 8．wisdom 9．Obviously 10．which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国茶道的历史、益处和文化价值。
1．考查代词。句意：中国茶道是一种源远流长的文化表达，以其美丽和深度吸引了人们的心灵和思想。本空修饰名词beauty and depth，应用形容词性物主代词its“它的”。故填its。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：茶在中国有着悠久而传奇的历史，可以追溯到几千年前。date back“追溯到”。本句已有谓语动词has，所以date应用非谓语动词形式，date back与逻辑主语Tea之间为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填dating。
3．考查名词的数。句意：据说，中国古代传说中的人物神农氏在野树叶落入沸水中时发现了茶。one of+名词复数，表示“……之一”，所以此处应用名词character“人物”的复数形式。故填characters。
4．考查冠词。句意：随着时间的推移，茶成为中国文化的重要组成部分，不仅是作为一种饮料，而且作为一种款待和友谊的象征。本空表示泛指“一种象征”，且symbol以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
5．考查时态。句意：在唐代，饮茶在上层阶级中变得流行，沏茶艺术开始形成。根据时间状语During the Tang Dynasty可知，本句描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填became。
6．考查介词。句意：不同类型的茶，如绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶和普洱茶，对身体有不同的影响。have effects on sth.表示“对……有影响”，为固定搭配。故填on。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：人们认为绿茶有助于预防癌症、降低胆固醇和改善消化。be helpful to do sth.表示“有助于做某事”，所以此处应用动词prevent“阻止”的不定式。故填to prevent。
8．考查名词。句意：中国茶道是一种丰富多样的文化遗产，它展示了中国古代的智慧和现代的魅力。本空与modern charm并列，作介词into的宾语，应用名词wisdom“智慧”。故填wisdom。
9．考查副词。句意：显然，通过其历史、哲学、艺术和健康益处，茶道继续激励和丰富我们的生活。本空位于句首，修饰整个句子，作状语，应用副词obviously“显然”，句首单词，首字母应大写。故填Obviously。
10．考查定语从句。句意：让我们珍惜和弘扬这一美好的传统，它可以帮助更多的人体验中国茶的美丽和神奇。本空引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tradition，指物，且关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which。故填which。
Passage 03
（24-25高一上·宁夏银川·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
These terraces 1 (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people, to whom Guangxi is home. Starting in the Yuan Dynasty, work on the terraces took years, until its 2 (complete) in the early Qing Dynasty. Reaching as far as the eye can see, these terraces cover tall mountains, often from the bottom to the very top.
So why did these people go to so much trouble 3 (turn) the entire mountains into terraces? 4 (first), there are few large, flat areas of land in 5 region.
6 (build) the terraces therefore meant that they could increase the areas in which they could grow rice. Secondly, although the region has plenty of rain, the 7 (mountain) are steep and the soil is shallow. The flat terraces catch the rainwater and prevent the soil 8 being washed away. But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony 9 nature to make these terraces and grow rice. The terraces are cleverly designed, with hundreds of waterways 10 connect with each other.
【答案】
1．were built 2．completion 3．to turn 4．Firstly 5．the 6．Building 7．mountains 8．from 9．with 10．that/which
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了广西壮族和瑶族人民修建梯田的原因、梯田的作用以及其精妙的设计。
1．考查动词时态语态。句意：这些梯田是由当地以广西为故乡的壮族和瑶族人民修建的。根据后文“by the local Zhuang and Yao people”可知，梯田是被建造的，应用被动语态；又因为描述的是过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语“These terraces”是复数，be动词应用were。故填were built。
2．考查名词。句意：从元朝开始，梯田的修筑历经多年，直至清朝初期才得以完工。its是形容词性物主代词，后面应接名词，complete的名词形式是completion，表示“完成”，是不可数名词。故填completion。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：那么，这些人为什么要费如此大的力气把整片山区改造成梯田呢？go to trouble to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“不辞辛劳地做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to turn。故填to turn。
4．考查副词。句意：首先，这一地区少有大片平坦的土地。此处表示“首先”，且在句中作状语，修饰整个句子，应用副词形式，first的副词形式是firstly，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Firstly。
5．考查冠词。句意同上。此处特指上文提到的广西这个地区，应用定冠词the表特指，in the region意为“在这个地区”。故填the。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，修建梯田意味着他们能够扩大水稻的种植面积。空处应用非谓语动词作主语，且此处表示一般性的、抽象的动作，应用动名词building作主语，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Building。
7．考查名词。句意：其次，尽管该地区雨水充沛，但山势陡峭，土壤浅薄。根据后文“are”可知，主语应用复数形式，mountain的复数是mountains。故填mountains。
8．考查介词。句意：平坦的梯田能够蓄积雨水，防止土壤被冲走。prevent...from doing sth.是固定搭配，意为“阻止……做某事”，所以此处填介词from。故填from。
9．考查介词。句意：但也许最重要的是，人们与自然和谐相处，建造这些梯田并种植水稻的方式。in harmony with是固定短语，意为“与……和谐相处”，所以此处填介词with。故填with。
10．考查定语从句。句意：这些梯田设计巧妙，拥有数百条相互连通的水渠。分析句子结构可知，“_____ connect with each other”是定语从句，先行词waterways，指物，在从句中作主语，所以可以用关系代词that或which引导定语从句。故填that/which。
Passage 04
（24-25高一上·吉林·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式.
In a world that is full of different kinds of colors, red quite stands out. In China, people call this color China Red, 1 has become a quite popular expression 2 (catch) the world’s attention.
This expression fully shows Chinese people’s special love for red. So why do the Chinese really like it? One reason 3(lie) in the color’s rich meaning in Chinese history and 4 (tradition) culture. In ancient China, red 5 (regard) as a symbol of health, energy, happiness, hope and so on. Now red things can 6 (common) be found across 7 nation, for example red lanterns (灯笼). People can find red lanterns across China, especially during 8 (festival). During the Chinese New Year, people will see red lanterns hanging on the front gates of houses and stones. Besides red lanterns, things like New Year couplets (对联), red envelopes (红包) and invitations (请柬) are also often red.
9 a word, red is popular in China and it’s more than just a color. It carries the rich culture of this nation. And people from all over the world are welcome 40 (feel) and discover it in China.
【答案】
1．which 2．catching 3．lies 4．traditional 5．was regarded 6．commonly 7．the 8．festivals 9．In 10．to feel
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了中国红这一颜色的文化意义和流行原因。
1．考查定语从句。句意：在中国，人们称这种颜色为中国红，它已经成为一种相当流行的正在引起全世界注意的表达方式。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为China Red，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语修饰名词expression，expression与catch之间为主动关系，应用现在分词的形式。故填catching。
3．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：其中一个原因是中国历史和传统文化中这种颜色的丰富含义。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语reason为单数，谓语动词应用三单形式。故填lies。
4．考查形容词。句意：同上。空处修饰名词culture，应用形容词traditional“传统的”，作定语。故填traditional。
5．考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在古代中国，红色被视为健康、活力、幸福、希望等的象征。根据时间状语In ancient China可知，句子应用一般过去时，主语red与regard之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为单数，be动词用was。故填was regarded。
6．考查副词。句意：现在在全国各地都能常见到红色的东西，比如红灯笼。空处修饰动词found，应用副词commonly“通常，常常”，作状语。故填commonly。
7．考查冠词。句意：同上。nation意为“国家”，为可数名词单数，此处特指“这个国家”，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
8．考查名词复数。句意：人们可以在中国各地看到红灯笼，尤其是在节日期间。festival意为“节日”，为可数名词，前面没有限定词修饰，应用复数形式。故填festivals。
9．考查介词。句意：总之，红色在中国很受欢迎，它不仅仅是一种颜色。in a word“总之”，固定短语，首字母应大写。故填In。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：欢迎世界各地的人们在中国感受和发现它。sb. be welcome to do sth.“欢迎某人做某事”为固定短语。故填to feel。
Passage 05
（24-25高一上·安徽蚌埠·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
If you walk through the park in the morning, you are probably used to 1 (see) a series of beautiful movements performed 2 a slow, focused manner with deep breathing.
Today, Tai Chi’s incredible powers are shown in its 3 (popular). Millions of lovers of Tai Chi around the world are using the form of martial arts(武术) as an important health-care practice to keep 4 (health), improve performance, manage stress and slow down the process of getting old. According to 5 legend, one day Taoist Zhang Sanfeng, who lived in the late Song Dynasty, saw a bird attacking a snake in the Wudang Mountains. Inspired by the snake’s defense (防御) and 6 (influence) by his coach, he created a set of 72movements, which used softness and power from inside to defeat brute (残暴的) force.
Tai Chi can be practiced anytime and anywhere, even though you are not a 7 (profession). And learning to do it correctly 8 (give) us a practical way to achieve such things as balance, motor control 9 rhythm (节奏) of movement. Tai Chi’s benefits certainly go beyond physical ones. For Marleni Calcina from Peru, 10 has practiced Tai Chi for more than 10 years, it’s not only a sport, but also a way of life.
【答案】
1．seeing 2．in 3．popularity 4．healthy 5．a 6．influenced 7．professional 8．gives 9．and 10．who
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了太极拳的发展和起源。
1．考查动名词。句意：如果你在早上走过公园，你可能已经习惯了看到一系列优美的动作以缓慢、专注的方式进行，同时伴有深呼吸。固定短语be used to doing“习惯于做某事”，所以此处为动名词形式。故填seeing。
2．考查介词。句意：如果你在早上走过公园，你可能已经习惯了看到一系列优美的动作以缓慢、专注的方式进行，同时伴有深呼吸。短语in a...manner“以一种……方式”。故填in。
3．考查名词。句意：今天，太极令人难以置信的力量体现在它的普及上。作宾语，结合its为形容词物主代词可知，此处为名词形式。故填popularity。
4．考查形容词。句意：世界各地数以百万计的太极爱好者正将这种武术形式作为一种重要的保健实践，以保持健康，提高表现，管理压力和减缓衰老的过程。根据句意以及空前keep为系动词可知，此处为形容词作表语，keep healthy“保持健康”。故填healthy。
5．考查冠词。句意：相传，有一天，宋末道士张三丰在武当山看到一只鸟在攻击一条蛇。legend表示泛指“一个传说”，legend是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：受到蛇的防守和师傅的影响，他创造了一套72个动作，利用内在的柔软和力量来击败蛮力。此处为非谓语动词作状语，influence和逻辑主语he为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填influenced。
7．考查名词。句意：太极拳可以随时随地练习，即使你不是专业人士。作表语，表示“专业人士”用名词professional，不定冠词提示用单数。故填professional。
8．考查时态。句意：学习正确的动作给我们提供了一种实用的方法来实现平衡、运动控制和运动节奏。陈诉事实用一般现在时，主语为And learning to do it correctly，谓语用三单形式。故填gives。
9．考查连词。句意：学习正确的动作给我们提供了一种实用的方法来实现平衡、运动控制和运动节奏。根据句意可知，此处为连词and连接前后三个名词和名词短语balance、motor control和rhythm of movement，保持并列结构。故填and。
10．考查定语从句。句意：Marleni Calcina练习太极拳已有10多年了，对她来说，太极拳不仅是一项运动，也是一种生活方式。引导非限制性定语从句，先行词Marleni Calcina指人，在从句中作主语。故填who。
Passage 06
（24-25高一上·安徽芜湖·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或所给单词的正确形式。
When you’re asked how old you are, it is not unusual for you 1 (reply) with a zodiac sign (生肖) instead of your actual birth year. A response like ‘I am an earth pig’ is 2 (wide) recognized, as it provides a 3 (refer) not merely to age, but also to preference.
The Chinese zodiac is related to the Lunar New Year that always 4 (fall) near the beginning of February. You may have seen the red paper 5 people hang on doors for luck. It’s 6 (likely) to notice the animal signs during the festival than usual, such as a paper lantern with a monkey on it. Traditionally, the decorative red papers 7 (make) by hand, and often have complex cutouts of a zodiac animal in them.
8 February 4 (or sometimes February 3 or 5 ) arrives, the zodiac animal that governs the year changes. The Lunar New Year is 9 ideal moment to honor the new animal and new beginnings. In China, the holiday occurs on the new moon closest to the beginning of lìchūn and the start of Farmer’s Calendar. Usually, the celebration lasts 10 fifteen days, until the Lantern Festival on the next full moon.
【答案】
1．to reply 2．widely 3．reference 4．falls 5．that/which 6．more likely 7．are made 8．When 9．an 10．for
【导语】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了中国生肖文化及其与农历新年相关的传统习俗。
1．考查动词不定式。句意：当你被问到年龄时，用生肖而不是实际出生年份回答并不罕见。这里考查固定句型it is adj. for sb. to do，意思是“对某人来说做……是……的”。故填to reply。
2．考查副词。句意：像“我是土猪”这样的回答被广泛认可，因为它不仅涉及年龄，还涉及偏好。此处需要一个副词修饰动词“recognized”，wide是形容词，其副词是widely。故填widely。
3．考查名词。句意：像“我是土猪”这样的回答被广泛认可，因为它不仅涉及年龄，还涉及偏好。refer是个动词，意思是“参考、提及”，横线前有冠词，所以需要填入名词，其名词是reference。故填reference。
4．考查谓语动词。句意：中国生肖与农历新年有关，农历新年通常在2月初。fall在句中充当谓语，此处描述一般事实，用一般现在时，且主语为第三人称单数。故填falls。
5．考查定语从句。句意：你可能见过人们挂在门上祈福的红纸。此处引导定语从句，关系词代替先行词“the red paper”在从句中作宾语。故填that/which。
6．考查形容词比较级。句意：在节日期间，人们比平时更容易注意到生肖，比如一个上面有猴子的纸灯笼。根据than usual判断，空格处应该填入比较级。故填more likely。
7．考查谓语动词。句意：传统上，这些装饰用的红纸是手工制作的，通常包含复杂的生肖动物剪纸。make在句中充当谓语，此处描述一般事实，且主语与动词之间是被动关系，还要注意主语papers是复数。故填are made。
8．考查状语从句。句意：当2月4日（有时是2月3日或5日）到来时，生肖动物会发生变化。根据题意，此处需要一个连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时”，还要注意首字母大写。故填When。
9．考查冠词。句意：农历新年是纪念新生肖和新开始的理想时刻。此处表示“一个理想的时刻”，为泛指，且“ideal”以元音音素开头。故填an。
10．考查介词。句意：通常，庆祝活动持续15天，直到下一个满月的元宵节。这里考查固定短语last for，表示“持续……时间”。故填for。
Passage 07
（24-25高一上·安徽合肥·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In East China’s Anhui province, a 2-meter-wide alley 1 (call) Liuchi Alley separates two gray walls. Though unremarkable 2 appearance, the alley holds a significant story. During holidays, thousands of visitors 3 (draw) to its history and the lessons it teaches.
Liuchi Alley, named for its six chi width (a traditional Chinese unit), once marked the boundary between the homes of two respected families, the Zhangs and the Wus. Both families had high-ranking members in the court of Emperor Kangxi (1654-1722), yet 4 (argue) arose over the boundary line between their two properties and which family had the right to build on it.
After 5 (fail) to make a compromise, the Zhangs turned to Zhang Ying, a family member of Zhangs and also a top official in the emperor’s court. To 6 (they) surprise, Zhang Ying did not provide the support they needed. He enlightened the family members as the wall was merely a temporary (暂时的) structure. It was the close relationship with their neighbors 7 mattered. He suggested that each family step back one meter from the boundary. Moved by his suggestion, both families agreed, and the Liuchi Alley was born.
The alley has since come to represent tolerance, morality and harmony, 8 (offer) a lesson in resolving conflicts. Although the 9 (origin) walls are gone, replicas (复制品) stand today, attracting visitors who come to reflect on its message. For everyday people, it represents the value of working together, while officials regard it 10 an enduring lesson in governance and public service.
【答案】
1．called 2．in 3．are drawn 4．arguments/argument 5．failing 6．their 7．that 8．offering 9．original 10．as
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国东部安徽省一条被称为“六尺巷”的小巷的历史由来，以及它所蕴含的宽容、道德和和谐的价值。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国东部的安徽省，一条两米宽、称作六尺巷的小巷分隔着两面灰墙。“(call) Liuchi Alley”作后置定语，call(称作) 是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语alley之间是被动关系，用过去分词形式表被动。故填called。
2．考查介词。句意：尽管在外观上并不起眼，但这条小巷却有着重要的故事。in appearance为固定搭配，意为“在外观上”，介词in意为“在……方面”。故填in。
3．考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在节假日，成千上万的游客被它的历史和它所传授的经验教训所吸引。draw(吸引)是谓语动词，与主语thousands of visitors之间是被动关系，结合语境，这里描述的是一般情况，应用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是复数名词，谓语动词用复数形式。故填are drawn。
4．考查名词。句意：在康熙皇帝(1654 - 1722)的朝廷中，两家都有地位很高的成员，然而，关于他们两处房产之间的边界线以及哪家有权在上面建房的争论出现了。提示词在句中作主语，用名词argument，意为“争论，争吵”，既可用作可数名词也可用作不可数名词，这里既可以表示一场争论，用单数，也可以表示多场争论，用复数。故填arguments/argument。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：在未能达成妥协之后，张家向张英求助，张英是张家的一位家庭成员，也是朝廷中的一位高官。after是介词，后接动名词failing作宾语。故填failing。
6．考查代词。句意：令他们惊讶的是，张英并没有提供他们所需的支持。“to one’s surprise”是固定短语，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，这里指令张家的人惊讶，用形容词性物主代词their作定语。故填their。
7．考查强调句。句意：与邻居的亲密关系才是重要的。分析句子可知，句中使用了强调句型，强调句结构为“It + is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子其它部分”，在强调句中，当被强调部分是人时，可以使用who代替that；本句中强调的是原句主语“the close relationship with their neighbors”，句子其它部分只能由that引出。故填that。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：从那以后，这条小巷就代表了宽容、道德与和谐，提供了一个解决冲突的经验教训。“(offer) a lesson in resolving conflicts”作伴随状语，offer(提供)是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语The alley之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填offering。
9．考查形容词。句意：尽管原来的墙壁已经消失，但复制品如今依然矗立着，吸引着前来反思其蕴含意义的游客。提示词修饰名词walls，用形容词original作定语，意为“原来的，最初的”。故填original。
10．考查介词。句意：对于普通人来说，它代表着合作的价值，而官员们则将其视为治理和公共服务方面的一个永恒的经验教训。“regard...as...”是固定短语，意为“把……视为……”。故填as。
Passage 08
（24-25高一上·河南信阳·期末）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容 (1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
The craftsmanship of leaf-vein embroidery (叶脉刺绣) in Tongren City, Guizhou Province, has made Guizhou embroidery one of the major 1 (style) of embroidery in China. Leaf-vein embroidery first appeared during the Song Dynasty (960—1279) and once 2 (use) by several ethnic groups in the southwestern region to send information. Yang Li, 3 inheritor (传承人) of this technique, has incorporated the traditional embroideries of the Miao, Tujia and Dong ethnic groups into the leaves, showing the combination of traditional aesthetics and modern craftsmanship.
Leaf-vein embroidery artwork is 4 highly artistic value due to its complex production process. The key steps include 5 (select) leaves and drying them, and then designing and embroidering patterns. After the leaves naturally soften over the next 20 days, people warm the leaves to preserve 6 (they). The softened leaves are also 7 (extreme) fragile. Patterns 8 (inspire) by ancient stories and nature will be drawn on the processed veins.
Yang Li says that in the last decade there have been barely 20 people in Tongren 9 can independently complete the whole leaf-embroidery process. In 2022, Yang Li established the Guizhou Embroidery Intangible Cultural Heritage Industry Base. Since then, she has used social media 80 (show) the traditional techniques of leaf-vein embroidery.
【答案】1．styles 2．was used 3．an 4．of 5．selecting 6．them 7．extremely 8．inspired 9．who/that 10．to show
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了贵州省铜仁市的叶脉刺绣工艺及其传承人杨丽的故事。
1．考查名词复数形式。句意：贵州省铜仁市的叶脉刺绣工艺使贵州刺绣成为中国刺绣的主要风格之一。“one of + 复数名词”表示 “……之一”，所以“style”要用复数形式“styles”。故填styles。
2．考查动词时态语态。句意：叶脉刺绣最早出现在宋朝（960-1279），曾被西南地区的几个民族用来传递信息。此处为谓语动词的填入，根据句意可知，“Leaf-vein embroidery”与“use” 之间是被动关系，且根据时间状语“during the Song Dynasty”可知，时态为一般过去时，一般过去时的被动语态结构为“was/were + 过去分词”，主语“Leaf-vein embroidery”是单数，be 动词用“was”，“use”的过去分词是“used”。故填was used。
3．考查冠词。句意：杨丽是这一技术的传承人，她将苗族、土家族和侗族的传统刺绣融入到叶子中，展示了传统美学与现代工艺的结合。根据句意以及空后inheritor为单数名词可知，这里表示泛指“一位传承人”，“inheritor” 发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词 “an”，故填an。
4．考查固定短语。句意：叶脉刺绣工艺复杂，具有很高的艺术价值。分析句子可知，“of +抽象名词” 相当于该名词对应的形容词，“of highly artistic value”表示“具有很高的艺术价值”。故填of。
5．考查动名词。句意：关键步骤包括挑选叶子，晾干，然后设计和刺绣图案。include doing sth“包括做某事”为固定短语，所以此处为动名词形式。故填selecting。
6．考查代词。句意：在接下来的20天里，树叶自然变软后，人们把树叶加热保存起来。分析句子可知，“preserve” 是动词，后接宾格代词，“they” 的宾格是 “them”，指代 “the leaves”。故填them。
7．考查副词。句意：柔软的叶子也非常脆弱。由副词修饰形容词可知，这里修饰形容词 “fragile”，要用副词，“extreme”的副词形式是“extremely”，表示“极其，非常”。故填extremely。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：灵感来自古代故事和自然的图案将绘制在加工过的叶脉上。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作后置定语修饰Patterns，Patterns和inspire为被动关系，所以为过去分词形式。故填inspired。
9．考查定语从句。句意：杨丽说，在过去的十年里，铜仁只有不到20个人能独立完成整个叶绣过程。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词20 people，指人，在从句中作主语成分。故填who/that。
10．考查动词不定式。句意：从那时起，她就利用社交媒体展示叶脉刺绣的传统技术。“use sth. to do sth.”是固定用法，表示“用某物做某事”，所以这里用“to show”。故填to show。
Passage 09
（24-25高一上·河南开封·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A thousand years ago in Kaifeng, China, there were a group of people presenting art and beauty perfectly. Such art is known 1 Bian embroidery (刺绣). So far it 2 (recognize) as a state-level intangible (非物质的) cultural heritage. Bian embroidery is considered as 3 unique form of artistic expression of the Song Dynasty. The natural colors 4 delicate stitches (针法) make the embroidery look like vivid 5 (paint). In each piece of work, embroiderers would combine many elements 6 (include) fine art, literature and philosophy. The re-creation of the masterpiece Along the River during the Qingming Festival is the work of 7 (experience) Bian embroiderers 8 have long observed the original work and objects. It 9 (take) over 20 embroiderers a whole year to complete it. The millennium-old work has been 10 (extreme) popular till today and goes beyond the time, bringing out the fine texture of painting.
【答案】1．as 2．has been recognized 3．a 4．and 5．paintings 6．including 7．experienced 8．who/that 9．took 10．extremely
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了边绣这一中国传统刺绣艺术，包括其历史地位、艺术特点、制作工艺以及《清明上河图》边绣再现的创作过程。
1．考查介词。句意：这种艺术被称为边绣。固定搭配be known as…，意为“被认为是……”。故选as。
2．考查动词时态语态。句意：迄今为止，它已被认定为国家级非物质文化遗产。根据时间状语“So far”可知，句子应使用现在完成时；且主语“it（它，指边绣）”与动词“recognize（认可）”之间是被动关系，所以应使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为it，助动词用has。故填has been recognized。
3．考查冠词。句意：边绣被视为宋代一种独特的艺术表现形式。form为可数名词，此处表示泛指，且unique发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
4．考查连词。句意：其自然的色彩和细腻的针法使刺绣作品宛如生动的画作。“natural colors（自然的色彩）”和“delicate stitches（精致的针法）”是并列关系，所以应使用连词and连接。故填and。
5．考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词painting，作宾语，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词限定，需用名词复数形式。故填paintings。
6．考查介词。句意：在每件作品中，刺绣师都会融合许多元素，包括美术、文学和哲学。根据句意“在每件作品中，绣师们会结合许多元素，包括美术、文学和哲学”可知，应使用介词including表示“包括”。故填including。
7．考查形容词。句意：《清明上河图》的再现是经验丰富的边绣绣师们长期观察原作及实物后的心血之作。空处作定语，需用形容词“experienced（经验丰富的）”修饰名词短语“Bian embroiderers（边绣绣师）”。故填experienced。
．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词“Bian embroiderers（边绣绣师）”，指人，且先行词在从句中作主语，所以应使用关系代词who或that引导。故填who/that。
9．考查动词时态。句意：这件作品花费了20多名刺绣师整整一年的时间才完成。陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填took。
10．考查副词。句意：这件流传千年的佳作至今仍极受欢迎，它超越了时代的界限，展现出了绘画般的细腻质感。修饰形容词popular，需用副词extremely，作状语。故填extremely。
Passage 10
（24-25高一上·河南许昌·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In Xinjiang, nang is a beloved flatbread with a history of over 2,000 years. It’s easy to make, store and transport, 1 (make) it a traditional everyday food in the region.
Nang 2 (come) in various sizes and flavors (味道). The largest nang is as big as a car wheel and weights 2 kilograms while the smallest is no 3 (large) than a quail’s egg (鹌鹑蛋). When it comes to flavors, you can choose from rose nang, dried fruit nang, meat nang, sesame nang, and more 4 (suit) your taste preferences.
5 (traditional), Uygur nang is made in tall, cylindrical ovens (圆柱形烤炉). Nowadays, people also use environmentally friendly ovens to make nang, 6 has contributed to the nang industry’s growth.
Nang has brought great positive changes to the region in recent years, and it’s no surprise that this food carries 7 (significance) cultural meanings. The round shape of nang symbolizes solidarity (团结) and friendship. The local tradition of breaking nang and sharing it with others is 8 sign of goodwill.
So, when you enjoy nang, remember that it represents not only the 9 (warm) of the people in Xinjiang, but also their belief 10 the power of solidarity during challenging times.
【答案】1．making 2．comes 3．larger 4．to suit 5．Traditionally 6．which 7．significant 8．a 9．warmth 10．in
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是新疆馕的历史、种类、制作工艺、文化意义以及对当地社会的积极影响。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：它很容易制作，储存和运输，使其成为该地区的传统日常食物。句中谓语是is，空格处用非谓语动词，此处用现在分词表结果，故填making。
2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：馕有各种大小和口味。句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语Nang是单数，因此空格处用第三人称单数，故填comes。
3．考查比较级。句意：最大的馕有汽车轮子那么大，重2公斤，而最小的馕还没有鹌鹑蛋大。由than可知，空格处用比较级larger，故填larger。
4．考查不定式。句意：在口味方面，你可以选择玫瑰馕、干果馕、肉馕、芝麻馕等等，以满足你的口味偏好。根据语境可知，句子表示“在口味方面，你可以选择玫瑰馕、干果馕、肉馕、芝麻馕等等，以满足你的口味偏好”，空格处用不定式表目的，故填to suit。
5．考查副词。句意：传统上，维吾尔馕是在高大的圆柱形烤炉里制作的。空格处用副词作状语，修饰整个句子，traditional的副词是traditionally，意为“传统上”，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填Traditionally。
6．考查定语从句。句意：如今，人们也使用环保的烤箱来制作馕，这也促进了馕产业的发展。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，主语是前面整个主句的内容，因此用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
7．考查形容词。句意：近年来，馕给该地区带来了巨大的积极变化，这种食物承载着重要的文化意义也就不足为奇了。空格处用形容词作定语，修饰cultural meanings，significance的形容词是significant，意为“重要的”，故填significant。
8．考查冠词。句意：当地打破馕并与他人分享的传统是一种善意的象征。sign是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，sign是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
9．考查名词。句意：所以，当你享用馕时，请记住，它不仅代表了新疆人民的热情，还代表了他们对挑战时期团结力量的信念。空格处用名词作宾语，warm的名词是warmth，是不可数名词，意为“热情”，故填warmth。
10．考查介词。句意：所以，当你享用馕时，请记住，它不仅代表了新疆人民的热情，还代表了他们对挑战时期团结力量的信念。belief in是固定搭配，意为“对……的信念”，因此空格处用介词in，故填in。
Passage 11
（24-25高一上·河南驻马店·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese lacquer (漆器) art, 1 has a history of eight thousand years, has been blowing the minds of young people. With the ancient town 2 (become) a national financial center in the Qing Dynasty, Pingyao’s hand — polished lacquer art has reached 3 (it) peak. The craft was listed as National Intangible Cultural Heritage in 2006.
Xue Shengjin was introduced to lacquer art by his father. In 2010, 4 the age of 16, Xue started painting. Two years later, he had mastered the skill and was making a living out of it, so he decided to 5 (serious) pursue (追求) the handicraft trade.
Opportunities came knocking in 2015, when a small polished lacquer factory was founded in Pingyao. Xue was among the first artists 6 (work) at the factory. It was not until 2022 when a Beijing company in foreign trade 7 (buy) all the lacquerware and placed new orders that things turned around.
Making lacquer can be very challenging. 8 (artist) need to train for at least three years to grasp basic painting techniques. According to Xue, more than eight years of practice 9 (be) necessary to become skilled in the craft. “Young people need to be 10 (passion) and hardworking to understand the nature of lacquer art, ” Xue says. It is believed that he is one of the greatest lacquer artists in this field nowadays.
【答案】 1．which 2．becoming 3．its 4．at 5．seriously 6．to work 7．bought 8．Artists 9．is 10．passionate
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的漆器艺术及这个领域的艺术家。
1．考查定语从句。句意：中国漆器艺术有着八千年的历史，一直令年轻人着迷。此处需要使用关系词引导非限制性定语从句。先行词在从句中作主语，指物，因此需要使用关系代词which。故填which。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着平遥古镇成为全国金融中心，平遥的手工抛光漆艺术达到了顶峰。此处需要使用非谓语动词与with the ancient town +非谓语动词构成复合结构。the ancient town与become是主动关系，因此需要使用非谓语动词的现在分词形式作宾语补足语。故填becoming。
3．考查代词。句意：随着平遥古镇成为全国金融中心，平遥的手工抛光漆艺术达到了顶峰。此处需要使用形容词性物主代词置于名词peak之前。故填its。
4．考查介词。句意：薛生金是由父亲介绍接触漆器艺术的。2010年，16岁的他开始画画。此处需要使用介词短语at the age of…，意为“在……岁”。故填at。
5．考查副词。句意：两年后，他已经掌握了手艺，并以此为生，于是他决定认真从事手工艺品贸易。此处需要使用副词修饰动词pursue。故填seriously。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：薛是第一批在这家工厂工作的艺术家之一。此处需要使用非谓语动词作定语，修饰名词artist，名词artists前有序数词the first，因此需要使用不定式形式。故填to work。
7．考查一般过去时。句意：直到2022年，北京一家外贸公司买下了所有的漆器，并下了新的订单，情况才有所好转。此处需要使用动词作主语Beijing company的谓语，描述过去的事情，需要使用一般过去时，用其过去式与placed构成并列关系。故填bought。
8．考查名词。句意：艺术家需要接受至少三年的培训才能掌握基本的绘画技巧。此处需要使用名词作need的主语，结合主谓一致原则，可知此处需要使用复数。位于句首，故填Artists。
9．考查主谓一致。句意：据薛说，要熟练掌握这门手艺，需要八年以上的练习。此处需要使用动词作谓语，主语“more than eight years of practice (八年以上的训练)”为单数，因此谓语为单数，此处描述的一般事实，使用一般现在时。故填is。
10．考查形容词。句意：“年轻人需要充满激情和勤奋，才能理解漆器艺术的本质，”薛说。此处需要使用形容词作表语置于be之后，与hardworking构成并列关系。故填passionate。
Passage 11
（24-25高一上·河南三门峡·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Chinese New Year, also called Spring Festival, is the most important and widely celebrated festival of all in China. It is celebrated from the 1st day of the 1st lunar month 1 the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. This is 2 time for family reunions, 3 (visit) relatives and friends and exchanging greetings for the coming New Year. It is also a time to ring out the old and ring in the new.
There are several 4 (version) of the origin of the Chinese New Year. The most widely heard one is that there was a mythical beast called “Nian” which means “year” in Chinese. Nian always came on the first day of New Year to prey on livestock, crops, and even people. To protect 5 (they), people started putting food in front of their doors, as they believed that 6 Nian ate the food prepared for him, he wouldn’t eat any of their crops and people. Coincidentally, some people found that Nian was afraid of the color red. Therefore, they hung red lanterns and red spring couplets on doors and windows. They also lit firecrackers 7 (scare) Nian away. From then on, Nian never came back again.
Before the New Year, every corner of the house must 8 (sweep) and cleaned. Then, on the eve of the New Year, decorations like red paper cuttings, lanterns, or spring couplets are put up. 9 (additional), people will have a Chinese New Year’s Eve dinner with their families on Chinese New Year’s Eve. The New Year’s Eve dinner originated from the ancient year-end sacrificial ceremony, 10 the family had a reunion dinner after worshiping the gods and ancestors. There are usually fish, lotus root, lettuce, sausage and so on for good luck.
【答案】1．to 2．a 3．visiting 4．versions 5．themselves 6．after/if 7．to scare 8．be swept 9．Additionally 10．where
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国春节的一些传统习俗。
1．考查介词。句意：从农历正月初一到正月十五，人们都会庆祝这个节日。根据句意和空格前的介词from可知，此处考查固定搭配from…to…“从……到……”。故填to。
2．考查冠词。句意：这是家人团聚、走亲访友、互致新年祝福的时刻。根据空格后的单数名词time(一段时间)可知，空格处应该用不定冠词泛指“一”，time的发音是辅音音素开头，所以用a。故填a。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：这是家人团聚、走亲访友、互致新年祝福的时刻。空格处与上文的family reunions及下文的exchanging greetings并列作介词for的宾语，应该用动名词形式。故填visiting。
4．考查名词复数。句意：关于中国新年的起源有几种不同的说法。version是可数名词，根据空格前的several可知，应该用复数形式。故填versions。
5．考查反身代词。句意：为了保护他们自己，人们开始把食物放在他们的门前，因为他们相信如果年吃了为他准备的食物，他就不会吃他们的庄稼和人/年吃了为他准备的食物之后，他就不会吃他们的庄稼和人。空格处作宾语，且与句子的主语所指相同，应该用反身代词themselves。故填themselves。
6．考查连词。句意：为了保护他们自己，人们开始把食物放在他们的门前，因为他们相信如果年吃了为他准备的食物，他就不会吃他们的庄稼和人/年吃了为他准备的食物之后，他就不会吃他们的庄稼和人。空格后的部分可以理解为一个条件状语从句，所以用if引导从句，也可以理解为一个时间状语从句，表示“在……之后”，所以用after引导。故填if/after。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：他们还点燃鞭炮来吓跑年。空格处作目的状语，应该用不定式形式。故填to scare。
8．考查被动语态。句意：在新年之前，房子的每个角落都必须打扫干净。句子的主语every corner of the house与谓语动词sweep之间是被动关系，所以应该用被动语态，由空格前的情态动词must可知，be动词用原形。故填be swept。
9．考查副词。句意：此外，人们会在除夕夜和家人一起吃年夜饭。空格处作状语，修饰下文的句子应该用副词additionally，首字母大写。故填Additionally。
10．考查定语从句。句意：年夜饭起源于古代的年终祭祀仪式，在那里家人在拜神和祭祖后吃团圆饭。空格处引导定语从句，对先行词ceremony进行限定说明，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应该用关系副词where引导从句。故填where。
Passage 12
（24-25高一上·河南漯河·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Under the “AI” concept, “AI self-study rooms” are gaining great 1 (popular) in China and have resulted in mixed reactions. 2 (compare) to traditional self-study rooms, AI self-study rooms offer a tablet computer for each desk, 3 helps with the teaching and exercises for each student. AI self-study rooms combine AI learning devices, study supervisors, and 4 favorable environment.
In AI self-study rooms, students use devices for online courses and homework, 5 organizers use AI to identify knowledge gaps and create personalized study plans. So far, this new model 6 (cause) various opinions. Some see them as tricks, as they feel the learning devices are not 7 (true) effective. Others highlight their benefits in strengthening learning efficiency, quality, and resource equity. According to China News Weekly, experts confirm AI’s positive role in education but note that AI self-study rooms, as a newly 8 (rise) industry, face challenges, which has led to debate.
The new way of learning with AI helps fix the problem of not having enough good learning resources and gives each student a plan that fits them best, enabling remote students to have access 9 quality education. Despite debates, AI self-study rooms will make AI-assisted learning increasingly significant to the education in the years 10 (come).
【答案】
1．popularity 2．Compared 3．which 4．a 5．while/and 6．has caused 7．truly 8．rising 9．to 10．to come
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“AI自习室”在中国的发展情况、特点、优势以及面临的挑战和争议。
1．考查名词。句意：在“人工智能（AI）”理念的推动下，“AI自习室”在中国正日益受到欢迎，并引发了褒贬不一的反应。空处作宾语，需填名词popularity，表抽象概念，不可数。故填popularity。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：与传统自习室相比，AI自习室为每张桌子配备了一台平板电脑，以辅助每位学生的学习和教学练习。空处需填非谓语动词作状语，compare和AI self-study rooms为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式，位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Compared。
3．考查定语从句。句意同上。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是a tablet computer，指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，因此应使用关系代词which引导。故填which。
4．考查冠词。句意：AI自习室结合了AI学习设备、学习监督员和优良的学习环境。名词“environment”是可数名词单数形式，且在此处表示泛指“一个有利的环境”，且favorable发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
5．考查连词。句意：在AI自习室中，学生们使用设备进行在线课程和作业的学习，而组织者则利用人工智能来识别知识盲点并制定个性化的学习计划。根据语境，前后两个分句之间可以是并列关系或对比关系。如果是并列关系，表示学生和组织者各自在AI自习室中的行为，应使用连词“and”；如果是对比关系，表示学生和组织者在AI自习室中扮演的不同角色，应使用连词“while”。故填and或while。
6．考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，这款新模型已经引发了各种观点。根据时间状语“So far”可知，句子应使用现在完成时，主语为单数名词，助动词用has。故填has caused。
7．考查副词。句意：一些人认为这只是噱头，因为他们觉得这些学习设备并不真正有效。此处修饰形容词effective，需用副词truly，作状语。故填truly。
8．考查形容词。句意：据《中国新闻周刊》报道，专家们肯定了人工智能在教育中的积极作用，但同时也指出，作为新兴产业的AI自习室面临着挑战，这引发了争议。空处需填形容词作定语，修饰名词industry，rising意为“新兴的”，符合题意。故填rising。
9．考查介词。句意：利用人工智能的新学习方式有助于解决优质学习资源不足的问题，并为每位学生提供最适合他们的学习计划，使远程学生也能获得高质量的教育。动词短语have access to意为“有机会使用；有接触……的机会”，to是介词。故填to。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：尽管存在争议，但人工智能自习室将使人工智能辅助学习在未来几年对教育的影响日益重要。名词years需要由后置定语来修饰，以描述其时间范围。给定词come是动词，其不定式形式“to come”可以作后置定语，表示“即将到来的几年”。故填to come。
Passage 13
（23-24高一下·河南开封·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recycling plays 1 major role in fighting against pollution. By recycling paper, we not only save our trees, but we also recycle glass bottles, milk cartons and plastics. It is known to all 2 recycling preserves many non-renewable resources and reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Now cleaners send 3 (little)household waste to landfill sites than before and less energy is required when we are making new materials from old ones.
Health regulations once prevented recycled plastics from being made use 4 to make food containers but new technology has seen this ban lifted in some countries.
Rain water 5 (collect)from roads and roofs of buildings is also recycled. Water treatment plants treat millions of liters a day, 6 (remove)bacteria and something unwanted. The recycled water cannot be drunk 7 can be used to wash cars, water trees and fight fires, etc. This 8 (mean)there is a reduced demand on drinking water supplies.
New technology is 9 (constant)improving recycling techniques in Europe, America and Japan, but countries with small populations may find that these new techniques are so expensive that they cannot 10 (use)in the immediate future.
【答案】1．a 2．that 3．less 4．of 5．collected 6．removing 7．but 8．means 9．constantly 10．be used
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了回收利用在对抗污染方面的重要作用，以及新技术在提高回收利用率方面的应用。
1．考查冠词。句意：回收利用在对抗污染方面起着重要作用。play a major role in是固定短语，意为“在……中起重要作用”，故填a。
2．考查连词。句意：众所周知，回收利用保护了许多不可再生资源，减少了温室气体排放。it is known to all that 是固定句型，意为“众所周知”，其中that引导主语从句，故填that。
3．考查比较级。句意：现在清洁工送到垃圾填埋场的家居垃圾比以前少了。根据than before可知，此处是把现在和以前进行比较，此处应使用比较级，故填less。
4．考查介词。句意：健康法规曾经禁止回收塑料被用来制造食品容器，但新技术已经使一些国家取消了这一禁令。make use of 是固定搭配，意为“利用”，故填of。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：从道路和建筑物屋顶收集的雨水也被回收利用。rain water与collect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，应使用过去分词作定语，故填collected。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：水处理厂每天处理数百万升水，去除细菌和不需要的东西。water treatment plants与remove之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，应使用现在分词作状语，故填removing。
7．考查连词。句意：回收的水不能饮用，但可以用于洗车、浇灌树木和灭火等。根据句意可知，此处表示转折关系，故填but。
8．考查主谓一致。句意：这意味着对饮用水供应的需求减少了。主语this是单数，谓语动词也应使用单数形式，故填means。
9．考查副词。句意：新技术正在不断改善欧洲、美国和日本的回收技术。修饰动词improving应使用副词，故填constantly。
10．考查被动语态。句意：人口较少的国家可能会发现这些新技术如此昂贵，以至于他们在不久的将来无法使用。these new techniques与use之间是被动关系，应使用被动语态，故填be used。
Passage 14
（23-24高一下·河南洛阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Collins Dictionary selected “Al”, short for artificial intelligence, as its word of the year of2023. With the public release (发布) of ChatGPT and the widespread use of AI-generated artwork online, it was a big year for AI. This year 1 (offer) the public more opportunity to access and interact 2 AI technologies.
In entertainment, AI was part of the reason why many writers and actors decided to go on strike in Hollywood. With everything from AI-generated videos to news 3 (article) and even popular music, 2023 marked 4 year that AI really began to come into our daily lives. For many people, AI 5 (become) a regular topic of conversation and an important tool for work, which will continue to be a big part of many people's lives in the years to come.
As 6 (many) and more people use AI tools like ChatGPT, questions have been raised about environmental 7 (influential) of this technology. One study has proved the amount of water regarding the resource demands of AI. ChatGPT requires 500 million liters of water for every 20 to 50 questions. Data centers are needed to house many computational servers 8 (use) to host programs like ChatGPT. These centers 9 large amounts of energy are consumed can produce large amounts of heat. Thus water is used for 10 (cool)them.
【答案】1．offered 2．with 3．articles 4．the 5．has become 6．more 7．influence 8．used 9．where 10．cooling
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了《柯林斯词典》选出的2023年度词汇“Al”（人工智能的缩写），并围绕这一主题，探讨了AI在2023年的广泛应用、对娱乐行业的影响，以及AI技术带来的环境影响。
1．考查时态。句意：今年为公众提供了更多接触人工智能技术并与之互动的机会。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上文可知，本句时态为一般过去时。故填offered。
2．考查固定短语。句意：今年为公众提供了更多接触人工智能技术并与之互动的机会。固定短语：interact with，意为“与……互动”，符合句意。故填with。
3．考查名词的数。句意：从AI生成的视频到新闻文章，甚至是流行音乐，2023年标志着AI真正开始融入我们的日常生活。根据上文的“videos”可推测，空处为可数名词的复数形式。故填articles。
4．考查冠词。句意：从AI生成的视频到新闻文章，甚至是流行音乐，2023年标志着AI真正开始融入我们的日常生活。修饰名词“year”，表示特指，用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
5．考查谓语动词。句意：对于许多人来说，AI已成为日常交谈的话题和工作的重要工具，并将在未来几年继续成为许多人生活的重要组成部分。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文以及句意可推测，本句时态为现在完成时；主语为“AI”，单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填has become。
6．考查固定搭配。句意：随着越来越多的人使用ChatGPT等AI工具，人们开始关注这项技术对环境的影响。固定搭配：比较级+and+比较级，意为“越来越……”，符合句意。故填more。
7．考查名词。句意：随着越来越多的人使用ChatGPT等AI工具，人们开始关注这项技术对环境的影响。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式。故填influence。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：数据中心需要容纳许多用于托管ChatGPT等程序的计算服务器。非谓语动词担当后置定语，被修饰词“computational servers”和动词“use”之间为被动关系，用过去分词形式。故填used。
9．考查定语从句。句意：这些中心消耗大量能源，会产生大量热量。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“centers”，在定语从句中担当地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，水被用来冷却它们。非谓语动词担当介词“for”之后的宾语，用动词的v-ing形式。故填cooling。
Passage 15
（22-23高一下·河南南阳·期末）阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a report by South China Morning Post, China is planning to launch a hyperloop (超级高铁), also known as a super-high speed pipeline maglev system by 2035. If the project goes as 1 (plan), the new train will be the world’s 2 (fast) ground-based transport technology.
Chinese authorities have announced the 3 (approve) of the country’s first hyperloop line. Its length will be 175 kilometers, and it will pass between the cities of Shanghai 4 Hangzhou. These are two key metropolitan areas for the country’s economy.
The distance between these two cities can now be covered in about three hours by car or an hour by high-speed train. However, the hyperloop can reach speeds of up to 1000 km/h, 5 means that the route can 6 (complete) in just minutes. That’s twice faster than commercial passenger planes and 10 times than traditional high-speed trains.
The proposed project will make China one of 7 pioneers in hyperloop technology, 8 (allow) faster travel between several major cities. 9 (reduce) noise and pollution levels, the hyperloop provides a high-security level with low energy consumption. The technology will 10 (far) advance China's position as a leader in transport.
【答案】1．planned 2．fastest 3．approval 4．and 5．which 6．be completed 7．the 8．allowing 9．To reduce 10．further
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要报道了中国将建成超级高铁这一事件，以及其重要意义。
1．考查固定搭配。句意：如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上最快的地面运输技术。as planned固定搭配，意为“按计划”，故填planned。
2．考查形容词最高级。句意：如果该项目按计划进行，新列车将成为世界上最快的地面运输技术。此处表示世界上最快的，应用形容词最高级fastest作定语，修饰ground-based transport technology，故填fastest。
3．考查名词。句意：中国当局已经宣布批准该国第一条超高速线路。此处应用名词approval作宾语，表示“批准”，the approval of意为“批准……”，故填approval。
4．考查固定搭配。句意：它的长度将是175公里，并将穿过上海和杭州之间的城市。between...and固定搭配，意为“在……和……之间”，故填and。
5．考查定语从句。句意：然而，这个超级高铁线可以达到1000公里/小时的速度，这意味着这条路线可以在分钟内完成。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导定语从句，故填which。
6．考查语态。句意：然而，这个超级高铁线可以达到1000公里/小时的速度，这意味着这条路线可以在分钟内完成。从句主语the route和从句谓语动词complete是被动关系，且由情态动词can可知，此处应用be completed，与can构成含有情态动词的被动语态，故填be completed。
7．考查定冠词。句意：这个拟议中的项目将使中国成为超级高铁技术的先驱之一，使得中国几个主要城市之间的交通更加便捷。此处特指超级高铁技术的先驱，应用定冠词the，故填the。
8．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个拟议中的项目将使中国成为超级高铁技术的先驱之一，使得中国几个主要城市之间的交通更加便捷。句中有谓语，前后无连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语The proposed project和allow是主动关系，应用现在分词作状语，故填allowing。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：为了降低噪音和污染水平，超级高铁提供了一个低能耗的高安全级别。此处在句中作状语，应用非谓语动词，表示目的，应用不定式作目的状语，句首单词首字母大写，故填To reduce。
10．考查副词比较级。句意：这项技术将进一步提升中国在交通运输领域的领先地位。此处应用far的比较级further作状语，修饰动词advance，表示“进一步地”，强调抽象程度，far的另一个比较级为farther，表示“更远地”，强调具体距离，不合句意，故填further。
Passage 15
（23-24高一下·河南驻马店·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chang’e 6 probe touched down on the far side of the moon on Sunday morning. After completing the most important part of its lunar adventure, its ascender, carrying samples (样品) 1 (collect) over two days in a sealed container, 2 (lift) off from the moon’s far side on Tuesday morning.
This exciting news shows China is the only country in the world that 3 (land) on the far side of the moon twice 4 successfully collected lunar soil from it up to now.
The mission of Chang’e 6 involves many engineering 5 (innovate), high risks and great difficulties. The far side of the moon is covered with rocks. The pre-selected landing area in the South Pole-Aitken Basin is lower and there are more impact craters, making it difficult 6 (conduct) measurement. Therefore, when the series 7 images taken by the Chang’e 6 lander were sent back to the ground, all the Chinese people were very excited about this 8 (remark) achievement.
Chang’e 6 also carries international payloads from the European Space Agency, France, Italy and Pakistan, which 9 (definite) highlights the “international style” of China’s lunar exploration project. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning said China is willing to deepen international cooperation in aerospace exchange on 10 basis of equality, peaceful use and share the achievements with countries around the world.
【答案】1．collected 2．lifted 3．has landed 4．and 5．innovations 6．to conduct 7．of 8．remarkable 9．definitely 10．the
【导语】本文属于新闻报道。文章报道了嫦娥六号探测器在月球背面着陆、采集样本并成功升空返回的最新科研进展，以及这一任务的重要意义、面临的挑战、国际合作情况和中国政府的国际合作态度。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：在完成了月球探险中最重要的部分后，它的上升器于周二上午从月球背面升空，它携带着一个密封容器中两天收集的样本。第二空为本句谓语，此处为非谓语动词，且samples与collect“收集”之间为逻辑上的被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语。故填collected。
2．考查动词时态。句意：同上。设空处作谓语根据“on Tuesday morning”可知本句描述的是过去的事件，应用一般过去时，谓语用lift的过去式。故填lifted。
3．考查动词时态。句意：这一激动人心的消息表明，中国是世界上唯一一个两次登陆月球背面并至今成功采集月球土壤的国家。根据up to now可知，that引导的定语从句的时态应用现在完成时，主语that代替先行词China，视为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has landed。
4．考查连词。句意：同上。has landed on the far side of the moon twice与successfully collected lunar soil from it是并列关系，用连词and连接。故填and。
5．考查名词的数。句意：嫦娥六号的任务涉及多项工程创新、高风险和巨大困难。由many可知，此处需用名词innovation“创新”的复数形式。故填innovations。
6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在South Pole-Aitken Basin预选的着陆点较低，陨石坑较多，测量难度较大。it作形式宾语，本空为真正的宾语，用conduct“实施”的不定式。故填to conduct。
7．考查介词。句意：因此，当嫦娥六号着陆器拍摄的一系列图像传回地面时，所有中国人都对这一非凡成就感到非常兴奋。series of为固定搭配，意为“一系列”。故填of。
8．考查形容词。句意：同上。此处应用形容词remarkable“非凡的”，修饰achievement，作前置定语。故填remarkable。
9．考查副词。句意：嫦娥六号还搭载了来自欧洲航天局、法国、意大利和巴基斯坦的国际载荷，这无疑凸显了中国探月项目的“国际风格”。此处应用副词definitely“肯定，当然，确实”，修饰动词highlights，作状语。故填definitely。
10．考查冠词。句意：中国外交部发言人毛宁表示，中国愿在平等、和平利用的基础上深化航空航天领域的国际合作，与世界各国共享成果。on the basis of为固定搭配，意为“基于”。故填the。
Passage 16
（24-25高二上·河南南阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
China has remained the world’s largest market for industrial robots for the 11th consecutive year, according to a vice minister at the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology (MIIT). The statement 1 (make) on Thursday during the 2024 World Robot Conference in Beijing.
The data indicates that in 2023, China’s industrial robot production reached 430,000 sets. Furthermore, the number of the country’s newly added robot installations 2 (account) for more than half of the global market over the past three years, as reported by the Vice Minister Xin Guobin. He further added that after a decade of rapid development, China has risen as a powerful promoter for the 3 (grow) of the global robot industry.
Xin pointed out that 4 (remark) progress has been made in the innovation 5 development of China’s robot industry. As of July 2024, China possessed more than 190,000 valid patents related to robots, holding 6 (approximate) two-thirds of the global total.
According to Xin, China is deepening the implementation of the “Robot plus Application” plan 7 (enhance) the integration of robots across various industries. The sum of robots per 10,000 workers in Chin's manufacturing sector has increased from 49 to 470 since 2014.
The five-day conference in Beijing, 8 started on Wednesday, has witnessed the attendance of 169 enterprises from across the globe including major global players like Tesla and Siasun. The 9 (participate) companies display over 600 robots, 10 more than 60 of them making their world debuts (首次亮相) at the conference.
【答案】1．was made 2．has accounted 3．growth 4．remarkable 5．and 6．approximately 7．to enhance 8．which 9．participating 180．with
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。本文报道了据工业和信息化部（MIIT）副部长表示，中国已连续11年保持世界上最大的工业机器人市场。该声明是周四在北京举行的2024年世界机器人大会上发表的。
1．考查动词时态和语态。句意：这一声明是在周四于北京举行的2024年世界机器人大会上发表的。空格处为谓语动词，make“发表”，是动词，根据Thursday得知句子用一般过去时，且主语statement与动词make之间是被动关系，故此处应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示第三人称单数，故be动词用was。故填was made。
2．考查动词时态和语态。句意：此外，据副部长辛国斌介绍，在过去三年中，中国新增的机器人安装数量占全球市场的一半以上。空格处为谓语动词，account for“占据”，是动词短语，根据over the past three years得知句子用现在完成时，主语the number表示第三人称单数，故用助动词has。故填has accounted。
3．考查名词。句意：他进一步补充说，经过十年的快速发展，中国已经崛起为全球机器人产业增长的强大推动者。根据空前的定冠词the和空后的介词of可知，此处应用名词，grow是动词“生长”，其名词为growth，不可数。故填growth。
4．考查形容词。句意：辛国斌指出，中国机器人产业在创新和发展方面取得了显著进展。remark“谈论，言论”，是动词或名词，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词progress，其形容词为remarkable“显著的”。故填remarkable。
5．考查连词。句意：辛国斌指出，中国机器人产业在创新和发展方面取得了显著进展。根据句意可知，innovation和development之间是并列关系，故此处应用并列连词and连接。故填and。
6．考查副词。句意：截至2024年7月，中国拥有超过19万件与机器人相关的有效专利，占全球总数的约三分之二。approximate“大约的”，是形容词，此处应用副词作状语，副词为approximately“大约地”。故填approximately。
7．考查动词不定式。句意：据辛国斌介绍，中国正在深化“机器人＋应用”计划的实施，以加强机器人与各行业的融合。enhance“加强”，是动词，句子谓语是is deepening，且无连词，故用非谓语，根据句意可知，此处应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to enhance。
8．考查定语从句。句意：自周三在北京举行的为期五天的会议吸引了来自全球各地的169家企业，其中包括特斯拉和新松等全球主要企业。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是The five-day conference，先行词指物，且关系词在从句中作主语，故此处应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：与会公司展示了600多台机器人，其中60多台在大会上首次亮相。participate意为“参加”，是动词，句子谓语是display，且无连词，故用非谓语， companies与participate之间为逻辑上的主动关系，故应用participate的现在分词 participating作定语修饰名词companies。故填participating。
10．考查with复合结构。句意：与会公司展示了600多台机器人，其中60多台在大会上首次亮相。此处为with的复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋现在分词作宾补”，在句中作状语，符合句意。故填with。
Passage 17
（23-24高一下·河南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An architect and his team have created about 160 projects, mostly in China, over the past 20 years. One of their remarkable 1 (achievement) is the Yangzheng Library in Tianshui, Gansu Province. This library, 2 (found) in the rural Panjizhai Village, marks China’s first carbon neutral (碳中和) reading facility.
The Yangzheng Library, 3 is painted white with square windows, covers nearly 800 square meters. It was originally a century-old private residence but has been transformed into a modern community for family gatherings and 4 (education) activities. The library carries a mission 5 (promote) community bonds (纽带) among villagers.
The library features 6 (incredible) advanced eco-friendly designs. The roof has 80 sets of 600-watt solar panels and the walls are decorated with special boards, 7 (make) the building energy-efficient. The open-air space on the second floor and grass-covered stairs create a peaceful reading environment. Additionally, the library provides free meals 8 villagers over 80 years old.
Since a law improving rural development was adopted in 2021, rural cultural facilities like the Yangzheng Library 9 (start) to mushroom across China. “The rural development is a great idea, and I think an architectural project should be able to continue a rural area’s unique tradition 10 serve the locals with more public sense through the whole process,” the architect told the social media.
【答案】1．achievements 2．founded 3．which 4．educational 5．to promote 6．incredibly 7．making 8．for/to 9．have started 10．and
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了甘肃省天水市的养正图书馆成立的过程以及重要意义。
1．考查名词单复数。句意：甘肃省天水市的养正图书馆是他们杰出的成就之一。根据one of 可知，此处用名词的复数，并且achievement 意为“成就”时是可数名词。故填achievements。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：这个图书馆建立在乡村潘寨村，标志着中国第一个碳中和的阅读设施。该句已有谓语动词marks，故此处用作后置定语修饰名词library，二者之间是逻辑上的被动关系，应使用过去分词。故填founded。
3．考查定语从句。句意：养正图书馆占地近800平方米，为白色，方窗。此处缺少非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是the Yangzheng Library，关系代词在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词 which。故填which。
4．考查形容词。句意：它最初是一座有百年历史的私人住宅，但已被改造成一个现代社区，用于家庭聚会和教育活动。此处用形容词educational修饰名词activities。故填educational。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆承载着促进村民之间社区纽带的使命。mission后跟不定式作后置定语。故填to promote。
6．考查副词。句意：图书馆采用了极其先进的环保设计。此处用副词修饰形容词advanced。故填incredibly。
7．考查非谓语动词。句意：屋顶有80组600瓦的太阳能电池板，墙壁用特殊的木板装饰，使建筑节能。此句已有谓语动词are decorated，故此处用现在分词作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。故填making。
8．考查介词。句意：此外，图书馆还为80岁以上的村民提供免费餐食。provide sth for/to sb 是常用结构，意为“提供某人某物”。故填for/to。
9．考查时态。句意：自2021年通过一项促进农村发展的法律以来，像养正图书馆这样的农村文化设施开始在中国各地如雨后春笋般涌现。由since...可知，此处句子时态用现在完成时，主语rural cultural facilities是复数，助动词用have。故填have started。
10．考查连词。句意：乡村发展是一个伟大的想法，我认为一个建筑项目应该能够延续农村地区的独特传统，并在整个过程中以更多的公众意识为当地人服务。continue和serve是并列关系，需用连词and。故填and。
Passage 18
（22-23高一上·河南平顶山·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Does the Internet help or harm friendships? Different people have different opinions. Robert thinks talking online is no 1 (replace) for facetoface contact. Communicating through a screen makes 2 more difficult for children to concentrate or be kind to others. Social skills enable children to develop lifelong friendships. What's more, the Internet 3 (make) people selfcentred. They are only concerned with their online popularity. He also thinks friendships are built on the basis of trust. Going online can be particularly dangerous for people who are easily 4 (influence) by others.
But Cathy holds the opposite opinion. She thinks the Internet makes communication more 5 (convenience) and more fun. People can keep in touch 6 friends wherever they are or whatever they are doing. There are also so many online tools people can use to be creative. In 7 (add), online communication can 8 (actual) bring people closer to each other. Whoever needs help can immediately get some useful 9 (suggestion) or information from all over the world, 10 makes friends feel loved and cared for.
【答案】
1．replacement 2．it 3．makes 4．influenced 5．convenient 6．with 7．addition 8．actually 9．suggestions 10．which
【导语】这是一篇议论文。文章主要就网络对友谊是有益还是有害展开论述，列举了不同的人对此的不同看法。
1．考查名词。句意：罗伯特认为网上聊天不能代替面对面的接触。作表语，表示“代替”应用名词replacement，故填replacement。
2．考查it用法。句意：通过屏幕交流使孩子们更难集中注意力或善待他人。此处为make it adj. for sb. to do sth.，it作形式宾语。故填it。
3．考查时态。句意：更重要的是，互联网使人们以自我为中心。陈述客观事实用一般现在时，主语为the Internet，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填makes。
4．考查时态语态。句意：对于那些容易受他人影响的人来说，上网尤其危险。主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文are可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填influenced。
5．考查形容词。句意：她认为互联网使交流更方便，更有趣。此处表示“方便的”，作宾语补足语，应用形容词convenient。故填convenient。
6．考查介词。句意：人们可以与朋友保持联系，无论他们在哪里或他们在做什么。短语keep in touch with表示“保持联系”。故填with。
7．考查名词。句意：此外，在线交流实际上可以让人们彼此更亲近。短语in addition表示“此外”。故填addition。
8．考查副词。句意：此外，在线交流实际上可以让人们彼此更亲近。修饰动词bring应用副词actually，作状语。故填actually。
9．考查名词的数。句意：任何需要帮助的人都可以立即从世界各地得到一些有用的建议或信息，这使朋友感到被爱和关心。suggestion为可数名词，由some修饰应用复数形式。故填suggestions。
10．考查定语从句。句意：任何需要帮助的人都可以立即从世界各地得到一些有用的建议或信息，这使朋友感到被爱和关心。非限制性定语从句修饰上文整个句子，从句中缺少主语，故用which引导。故填which。
Passage 19
（24-25高二上·河南郑州·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
Rathee discovered YouTube in 2014, a time when cheap smartphones and cellular data (移动数据) led to a boom in Internet access in India. 1 (inspire) by videos he watched online, Rathee started a travel vlog. But he soon 2 (notice) a problem. “People in India weren’t trained on how to use the Internet and blindly trusted whatever they saw on YouTube or WhatsApp,” he says. So Rathee, who grew up in a small northern Indian town and later majored 3 mechanical engineering in Germany, became 4 he calls a “YouTube educator”, making videos that fact-check topics on Indian social media. Rathee’ s 5 (expose) to diverse cultures and education systems developed his critical thinking. “My aim is to present things as 6 (simple) as possible and breakdown complex issues in simple words,” he says.
Rathee’s work is incredibly popular. His videos 7 (view) and shared millions of times by the end of last year, making his YouTube channel one of the most popular ones in the country and also leading to conflicts. When a film called The Kerala Story began making waves in May, Rathee made a 23-minute video, in 8 he argued that the film promoted a false theory. Though Rathee used the government’s data and international sources to make his counterclaim (反诉), his fact-checking led to 9 (consequence), including threats sent to his family.
Despite the risks, Rathee remains calm. He makes videos to lay emphasis on tolerance(宽容), coexistence, and 10 (accept) diverse viewpoints. “I’m surprised doing such a simple thing can bring so much attention,” he says, “maybe because no one tries to dare to do that.”
【答案】
1．Inspired/ Having been inspired 2．noticed 3．in 4．what 5．exposure / being exposed 6．simply 7．had been viewed 8．which 9．consequences 10．accepting/ acceptable
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述Rathee在YouTube上制作视频的始末及取得的成就。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：受到他在网上观看的视频的启发，Rathee开始了一个旅行视频博客。此处需要使用非谓语动词作状语，主语Rathee与inspire是被动关系，且发生在谓语动词started之前，因此需要使用动词的过去分词inspired(已转化为形容词)或现在分词完成式的被动形式即having been inspired。故填inspired/having been inspired。
2．考查时态。句意：但他很快发现了一个问题。此处需要使用动词作谓语，经全文分析，此处描述过去发生的事实，因此需要使用一般过去时。故填noticed。
3．考查介词。句意：因此，在印度北部一个小镇长大，后来在德国主修机械工程的拉西成为了他所谓的“YouTube教育家”，制作视频，在印度社交媒体上核实事实。major in+专业，意为“主修……专业”。故填in。
4．考查名词性从句。句意：因此，在印度北部一个小镇长大，后来在德国主修机械工程的拉西成为了他所谓的“YouTube教育家”，制作视频，在印度社交媒体上核实事实。此处需要使用连接词引导从句作became的表语从句，连接词作从句中calls的宾语，指物，因此需要使用what。故填what。
5．考查名词或非谓语动词。句意：Rathee接触到不同的文化和教育体系，培养了他的批判性思维。此处可以使用名词作主语，因此可使用exposure，或此处使用非谓语作主语，逻辑主语Rathee与expose是被动关系，因此可以使用非谓语动词动名词的被动式，即being exposed。故填exposure/being exposed。
6．考查副词。句意：他说：“我的目标是尽可能简单地呈现事物，用简单的语言分解复杂的问题。”此处需要使用副词作状语，修饰动词present。故填simply。
7．考查过去完成时，被动语态。句意：截至去年年底，他的视频被观看和分享了数百万次，使他的YouTube频道成为该国最受欢迎的频道之一，也导致了冲突。此处需要使用动词作谓语，主语his videos与view是被动关系，其句中时间状语“by the end of last year(截止到去年)”表明，谓语动词发生在去年之前，因此需要使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been viewed。
8．考查定语从句。句意：今年5月，一部名为《喀拉拉邦的故事》（The Kerala Story）的电影开始引起轰动，拉西制作了一段23分钟的视频，他在视频中辩称，这部电影宣扬了一个错误的理论。此处需要使用关系词引导定语从句，先行词为film，在从句中作介词in后面的宾语。故填which。
9．考查名词。句意：尽管Rathee使用了政府的数据和国际来源来提出他的反诉，但他的事实核查导致了一些后果，包括向他的家人发出威胁。此处需要使用名词作led to后面的宾语，此处为可数名词，结合句意可知，此处需使用名词复数形式。故填consequences。
10．考查形容词或非谓语动词。句意：他制作的视频强调宽容、共存和接受不同的观点。此处可使用形容词作定语修饰名词diverse viewpoints，因此可使用acceptable；也可使用非谓语动词与diverse viewpoints.搭配作宾语，与tolerance, coexistence构成并列宾语。主语he与accept是主动关系，因此可使用非谓语动词的动名词形式，即accepting。故填accepting/acceptable。
Passage 20
（24-25高二上·河南·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
An ongoing exhibition at the Shanghai Museum commemorates (纪念) the life and journey of Marco Polo (1254—1324), 1 was one of the most celebrated travelers from the West to China.
This year marks the 700th anniversary (周年) of the 2 (die) of the Italian businessman and adventurer. The exhibition 3 (name) “Wonders of the World: China and Beyond in the Eyes of Marco Polo” features 304 pieces of artifacts (历史文物) from 28 museums and other cultural institutions in China and Italy.
Marco Polo 4 (start) his journey from his hometown of Venice and traveled from Europe to Asia, 5 (walk) along the ancient Silk Road in 1271—1295. He remained in China for 17 years (1274—1291) 6 later wrote about the experience in The Travels of Marco Polo.
“Marco Polo was by no means a lonely traveler,” Chu Xiaobo, director of Shanghai Museum, said at the opening on Nov 22. “In his time, there were 7 large number of businessmen, politicians and artists moving back and forth on the ancient Silk Road. Many travelers left records of political culture, social beliefs and 8 (economy) life. From these historical texts, it is not difficult 9 (see) that each civilization has its own strengths. They learn from each other and together contribute 10 the progress of world history.”
【答案】1．who 2．death 3．named 4．started 5．walking 6．and 7．a 8．economic 9．to see 10．to
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了上海博物馆为纪念意大利旅行家马可波罗举办的展览。
1． 考查定语从句。句意：上海博物馆正在进行的展览纪念马可·波罗（Marco Polo）的生活和旅程（1254-1324），他是从西方到中国最著名的旅行者之一。此处引导的是一个非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，先行词为Marco Polo，指人，应用关系代词who，故填who。
2．考查名词。句意：今年是意大利商人和冒险家去世700周年。此处用所给动词的名词death作介词of的宾语。故填death。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：该展览名为“世界奇观：中国及其在马可·波罗（Marco Polo）眼中”的展览中有304件来自中国和意大利其他文化机构的文物。此处用非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词exhibition，动词name和名词exhibition是被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填named。
4．考查动词的时态。句意：马可·波罗（Marco Polo）从他的家乡威尼斯（Wenice）开始了他的旅程，并从欧洲前往亚洲，沿着古老的丝绸之路沿着1271年至1295年的路走。根据空后的时间状语“in 1271—1295”可知，句子应用一般过去时，所以此处用所给动词的过去式。故填started。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：马可·波罗（Marco Polo）从他的家乡威尼斯（Wenice）开始了他的旅程，并从欧洲前往亚洲，沿着古老的丝绸之路沿着1271年至1295年的路走。此处填非谓语动词，动词walk与其逻辑主语Marco Polo之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系，故此处用所给动词的现在分词作伴随状语。故填walking。
6．考查连词。句意：他在中国呆了17年（1274年至1291年），后来写了关于马可·波罗（Marco Polo）旅行的经历。根据句意可知，空前的动词remained与空后的动词wrote为并列关系，故此处填并列连词and。故填and。
7．考查冠词。句意：在他那个时代，有大量商人，政客和艺术家在古老的丝绸之路上来回移动。a large number of意为“许多”，为固定短语。故填a。
8．考查形容词。句意：许多旅行者留下了政治文化，社会信仰和经济生活的记录。此处用所给名词的形容词作定语修饰空后的名词life。economic意思是“经济(上)的；经济学的”，主要用于描述与经济体系、经济活动等有关的事物，符合句意。economical意思是“节约的；节俭的；经济实惠的”，侧重于表示在资源使用、金钱花费等方面节省的意思，故可排除。故填economic。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：从这些历史文本中，不难看到每个文明都有自己的优势。“It is + adj.+ to do sth.”意为“做某事怎么样”，为固定句型。故填to see。
10．考查介词。句意：他们互相学习，并共同有助于世界历史的进步。contribute to意为“有助于”，为固定搭配。故填to。
Passage 21
（24-25高二上·河南漯河·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡上。
How ancient “skywells” are keeping Chinese homes cool
Although skywell buildings have existed in China for hundreds of years, in recent times they 1 (forget)by people who prefer modern facilities usually. Over the past two decades, however, due to a 2 (revive) of traditional Chinese architecture, skywell buildings have been making a comeback.
Ancient “green wisdom” such as skywells continue to inspire today’s climate adaptive design and innovations in passive cooling, according to Wang Zhengfeng, 3 honored researcher in environmental humanities at the Institute for Area Studies at Leiden University. Passive cooling is a method that combines design and technology to cool a building 4 the use of power.
When asked about why skywells have caught more attention of modern Chinese people, Wang says that the courtyard is also designed 5 (serve) as a gathering place for families or communities, 6 comes with ritual (仪式的) meanings.
Skywells were designed 7 (specific) to cool buildings in an era well before air-conditioning existed. When wind blows above a skywell house, it can enter the indoor space through the opening. Because outdoor air is often much 8 (cool), the incoming breeze travels down the walls to the lower stories and create airflows by replacing warmer indoor air, 9 rises and leaves through the opening.
In Huizhou, a skywell is small but tall, and the rooms around it can block out sunlight on hot days, 10 (enable) the bottom of the skywell to stay cool, he adds.
【答案】
1．have been forgotten 2．revival 3．an 4．without 5．to serve 6．and 7．specifically 8．cooler 9．which 10．enabling
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了天井建筑的再度流行及其降温原理。
1．考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：尽管天井建筑在中国已经存在了数百年，但最近它们已经被通常喜欢现代设施的人遗忘了。根时间状语in recent times可知，此处强调过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响，应用现在完成时；主语they指代skywell buildings，为复数主语，且与动词forget之间是被动关系，所以用现在完成时的被动语态，助动词需用have。故填have been forgotten。
2．考查名词。句意：然而，在过去的二十年里，由于中国传统建筑的复兴，天井建筑正在卷土重来。根据空前due to a可知，此处需要填名词，revive的名词形式为revival，意为“复兴”。故填revival。
3．考查冠词。句意：莱顿大学地区研究所环境人文学科的杰出研究员王正峰表示，像天井这样古老的“绿色智慧”，继续启发着当今适应气候的设计和被动制冷方面的创新。researcher为可数名词，此处表示泛指，honored发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。
4．考查介词。句意：被动制冷是一种结合设计和技术，在不使用电力的情况下为建筑物降温的方法。根据句意和空后名词短语the use of power可知，此处表示“不使用电力”，介词without意为“没有，不”符合题意。故填without。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：当被问及为什么天井吸引了现代中国人的更多关注时，王说，庭院也是作为家庭或社区的聚会场所而设计的，具有仪式意义。that引导的宾语从句中is designed为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作目的状语，需填动词不定式形式。故填to serve。
6．考查连词。句意：当被问及为什么天井吸引了现代中国人的更多关注时，王说，庭院也是作为家庭或社区的聚会场所而设计的，具有仪式意义。is designed和comes with这两个部分共同描述主语the courtyard的情况，用于阐述庭院的功能和特点，即庭院既被设计用作家庭或社区的聚会场所，同时又带有仪式意义，故需用连词and连接这两个谓语动词短语，表明这两个动作是并列的。故填and。
7．考查副词。句意：在空调出现之前的时代，天井是专门为给建筑物降温而设计的。空处修饰动词were designed，需用副词形式。故填specifically。
8．考查形容词。句意：因为室外空气通常要凉爽得多，进来的微风沿着墙壁向下流动到较低的楼层，并通过置换较热的室内空气来产生气流，热空气上升并通过开口流出。根据空前系动词is和much可知，空处应用形容词比较级cooler，意为“更凉爽的”，表示与室内空气的比较。故填cooler。
9．考查定语从句。句意：因为室外空气通常要凉爽得多，进来的微风沿着墙壁向下流动到较低的楼层，并通过置换较热的室内空气来产生气流，热空气上升并通过开口流出。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是warmer indoor air，指物，关系词在从句中作主语，应用which引导。故填which。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他补充说，在徽州，天井小而高，周围的房间在炎热的日子里可以挡住阳光，使天井底部保持凉爽。and之后的并列句中已有谓语动词can block out，空处为非谓语动词，作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果，所以用现在分词形式。故填enabling。
Passage 22
（24-25高二上·河南洛阳·期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
A series of books in Chinese and English covering eight classic works of Peking Opera tells details about the art form in a straightforward way.
Peking Opera, 1 its colourful costumes and makeup, as well as the unique performance combining singing, dialogue, acting and acrobatics (杂技), 2 (become) a symbol of traditional Chinese culture over the years.
3 (list) as an Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO in 2010, the art form has gained popularity around the world. World-famous 4 (performer) such as Mei Lanfang and Cheng Yanqiu have also taken Peking Opera abroad. It has gained 5 trend among a few non-Chinese, although few understand the stories told on stage. To help foreigners have a better 6 (comprehend) of the art form, Sun Ping, of Beijing Foreign Studies University, and her team edited the new books.
7 (difference) from previous English translations of books that mostly covered the scripts of Peking Opera plays, the new edition 8 (introduce) all aspects of the art form, including the scripts, actors and actresses, performance skills, musical instruments and costumes.
Scott Ian Rainen, from the United States, 9 works at China Foreign Languages Publishing Administration, said the new books were 10 (absorb). “Foreigners often do not understand the plot in a Peking Opera play, but the books show the cultural and historical background, costumes, artistic theories and so on,” he added.
【答案】1．with 2．has become 3．Listed 4．performers 5．a 6．comprehension 7．Different 8．introduces 9．who 10．absorbing
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一套以通俗易懂的方式介绍京剧艺术的中英双语书籍。
1．考查介词。句意：京剧以其色彩斑斓的服饰和妆容，以及集唱、念、做、打于一体的独特表演形式，多年来已成为中国传统文化的象征。根据空后的名词短语可推知，此处表示“有着”色彩斑斓的服饰和妆容，应用介词with表示“具有，带有”。故填with。
2．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：京剧以其色彩斑斓的服饰和妆容，以及集唱、念、做、打于一体的独特表演形式，多年来已成为中国传统文化的象征。空处作句子的谓语，根据“over the years”可知，时态应用现在完成时，且主语Peking Opera为单数，助动词用has。故填has become。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：2010年，京剧被联合国教科文组织列为人类非物质文化遗产，其影响力已遍及全球。句子主干成分完整，空处为非谓语，list“把……列入名单”和the art form逻辑上是被动关系，因此用list的过去分词形式，作状语，且句首单词的首字母应大写。故填Listed。
4．考查名词的数。句意：梅兰芳、程砚秋等世界著名表演艺术家也将京剧带到了国外。空处被World-famous修饰，作主语，结合“such as Mei Lanfang and Cheng Yanqiu”可知，应用可数名词performer“表演者”的复数形式。故填performers。
5．考查冠词。句意：尽管很少有人能理解舞台上讲述的故事，但京剧在一些非华裔人士中也逐渐流行起来。空处表示泛指，意为“一种潮流”，应用不定冠词，且trend的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
6．考查名词。句意：为了帮助外国人更好地理解这一艺术形式，北京外国语大学的孙萍及其团队编辑了这套新书。空处作have的宾语，被better修饰，comprehend的名词形式comprehension符合题意，意为“理解”。故填comprehension。
7．考查形容词。句意：与以往大多只涵盖京剧剧本的英译本不同，这套新版书籍介绍了京剧艺术的各个方面，包括剧本、演员、表演技巧、乐器和服装。根据“from”可知，此处用固定短语different from表示“不同于……”，空处用形容词different作状语，句首单词首字母需大写。故填Different。
8．考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：与以往大多只涵盖京剧剧本的英译本不同，这套新版书籍介绍了京剧艺术的各个方面，包括剧本、演员、表演技巧、乐器和服装。空处作句子的谓语，此处在描述一般性的事实，时态应用一般现在时，且主语the new edition是单数，introduce“介绍”应用第三人称单数形式。故填introduces。
9．考查定语从句。句意：来自美国的Scott Ian Rainen在中国外文局工作，他表示这些新书引人入胜。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Scott Ian Rainen作补充说明，先行词指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who作引导词。故填who。
10．考查形容词。句意：来自美国的Scott Ian Rainen在中国外文局工作，他表示这些新书引人入胜。空处作表语，描述主语the new books的性质，应用absorb的形容词形式absorbing，意为“引人入胜的”。故填absorbing。
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