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2024-2025学年高一英语下学期期末考点大串讲（北师大版2019）
考点一：考查定语从句关系代词that, which的用法
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1.（2024新课标I卷）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64 brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
1. which/that
考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
典型场合
| 典型示例
| 引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是整个主句或主句一部分，标志为逗号。
| This is the English dictionary, which cost me $10 yesterday.
Jim passed the driving test, which surprised everybody in the office.
| 用于“介词+关系代词”结构，如in which, both of which等，标志为介词。
| Is this the room in which Mr. White lives?
We have entered into an age at which dreams have the best chance of coming true.
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2.（2024全国甲卷）Yellowstone was the largest United States national park - 2.2 million acres - until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
2. which
考查定语从句。句意同上。本空所在句子为定语从句，先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias，从句中作主语，指物，引导非限制性定语从句用which，故填which。
3.（2024浙江1月卷）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way _________ will make them the most money.
3. that/which。
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
4.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
4. which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
5.（2022新课标I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ___________live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
5. that
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。
只用关系代词that场合
| 典型示例
| 先行词既为人又为物时
| The horse and its rider that you told me are admired by us all.
| 先行词被序数词修饰时
| This is the first film that I have seen since I moved here.
| 先行词被形容词最高级修饰
| The TV tower is the highest building that has been built in this city.
| 先行词是nothing, anything, all, much, little等不定代词
| All that glitters is not gold.
Is there anything that I can do for you?
| 先行词被only, very, little, all等限定词修饰时
| This is the very pen that I am looking for.
This is the very book that I was looking for.
| 当主句是以who 或 which 开头的疑问句时
| Which book is the one that you recommended?
Who is the person that you saw yesterday?
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6.（2021新课标II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company ___________used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
6. which或that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构，_________ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。
7.（2021北京卷）When you sleep, your brain sorts through everything ___________ happened during the day, trying to link new experiences to old memories.
7. that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当你睡觉时，你的大脑会整理白天发生的一切，试图将新经历与旧记忆联系起来。分析句子结构可知，空处需用连接词引导定语从句，先行词是不定代词everything，关系词在定语从句中作主语，所以此处需用关系代词that引导定语从句。故填that。
8.（2021浙江1月卷）BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool ___________ gives an indication of whether someone is a healthy weight.
8. that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。根据句意和句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，并在定语从句中作主语，而先行词tool为物，故此处要填关系代词that或which。
9.（2020新课标卷）The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, formed the core collection of the British Museum __________ opened in 1759.
9. which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:例如，汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏品。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是the British Museum，关系词在从句中做主语，应使用关系代词which/that引导。故填which/that。
考点二：考查定语从句关系代词who, whom, whose, as的用法
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关系代词who和whom用法
1. who用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。注意Anyone who…以及Those who…句型。
2. whom用作关系代词，在定语从句中作宾语，先行词指人，可以与that替换。注意whom作宾语，可以省略。
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10.（2024新课标II卷）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___56___ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
10. who
考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
11. Tinniswood, ___17___ doesn’t smoke and rarely drinks, credited moderation for helping him stay healthy during his long life. “If you eat too much or do too much of anything, you’re going to suffer eventually,” he said.
11.考查定语从句。句意：Tinniswood不吸烟，也很少喝酒，他认为适量饮酒有助于他在长寿期间保持健康。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Tinniswood，先行词指人，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导从句。故填who。
12.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, _________Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
12. as。
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。
关系代词as在非限制定语从句的用法
1. as用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从。
2. 位于主句的前、中、后，强调前后逻辑一致，表示“正如……。
3. 从句多含有see, know, expect, tell, report等动词.
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13.（2023全国乙卷）The color she chose came in a box which had a picture of a woman ________hair color looked just perfect.
13. whose。
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：她选的颜色装在一个盒子里，盒子里有一张女人的照片，她的头发颜色看起来非常完美。此处是限定性定语从句，先行词是woman，关系词在从句中作hair的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
定语从句关系代词whose用法
1. whose用作关系代词，在定语从句中作定语，先行词指人或物；
2. 有时用于“介词+whose+名词”结构；
3. whose+名词=the +名词+of whom/which=of whom/which+ the +名词。
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14.（2022浙江1月卷）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics ___________ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
14. that/who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。
15.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
15. who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
16.（2020全国III卷）In ancient China lived an artist, __________ paintings were almost lifelike. The artist’s reputation had made him proud.
16. whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
17.（2020天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
17. whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意:罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s ”，表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故填whose。
考点三：考查定语从句关系副词when, where, why的用法
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18.（2023天津3月卷）Kenny still remembers the class discussion ________the teacher asked students to share what they wanted to be when they grew up.
A．why B．which C．that D．where
18.D
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Kenny仍然记得课堂上的讨论，老师要求学生们分享他们长大后想成为什么样的人。分析句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词the class discussion。先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，意为“在课堂讨论中”，是“模糊地点”，所以用关系副词where引导定语从句。故选D。
19.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, _________ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
19. where。
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
定语从句关系副词where的用法
1.where用作关系副词，在定语从句作地点状语。注意定语从句可能是主谓结构或主谓宾结构。
2.先行词既可以是具体地点名词，如school, museum, centre。
3.还可以是抽象名词，如point, case, situation, stage, race, position, job等（热点，须牢记）。
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20.（2021天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands _________ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.
20. where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在中国艺术节上有不同的展台，在那里艺术家可以展示他们的技巧并教给参观者。分析句子成分可知，stands 作先行词，空格后的句子为定语从句来修饰stands ，从句中不缺主宾表，故选关系副词，先行词stands 在从句中作地点状语，所以应用where。
21.（2020全国I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
21. where
【解析】句意：中国首先必须把一颗人造卫星送入月球轨道上的一个点，人造卫星可以在这个点向航天器和地球发射信号。分析句子可知，空处引导一个定语从句，先行词是a spot，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导。故填where。
22.（2020江苏卷）If you look at all sides of the situation, you’ll find probably a solution that ___________ everyone.
22. suits
【解析】考查定语从句动词时态。句意：如果你从各个方面看问题，你可能会找到一个适合每个人解决方案。句子描述的客观事实，应使用一般现在时；此处是定语从句谓语动词，先行词是a solution，从句谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式。
23.（2021天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from __________we can learn without repeating them.
23. which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：威廉•哈斯蒂曾经说过，历史会告诉我们过去的错误，我们可以从中学习避免重复犯错。分析句子可知，past mistakes为现行词，_________ we can learn without repeating them.为定语从句，从句中谓语动词can learn可知，要从过去的错误中学习，learn from“从……中学习”，可知应用from which引导定语从句。
24.（2020江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from ___________students can choose for free.
24. which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。
定语从句“介词+关系代词”用法
1.先行词指人关系代词用whom，指物关系代词用which；
2.介词选择的原则：一看先行词特殊搭配，如to a degree；二看从句谓语动词搭配，如learn from；三看整个语境逻辑。特殊结构如in which case, with whose help等。
3.在特定情况下出现“介词+whose+名词”结构，whose作定语。
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考点一：考查不定冠词a(n)的用法
1.（2023新课标I卷）The meat should be fresh with ________ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
1. a。
解析：考查冠词。句意：肉应该是新鲜的，有一点甜味，汤应该是热的，清澈的，美味的。a touch of “一点点；稍许”，常用搭配，touch“轻微；稍许”常用作单数。故填a。
2.（2022全国甲卷）____________ friend of his, Wu Fan, volunteered to be his companion during the trip.
2. A
解析：考查冠词。句意：他的一位朋友吴凡在旅行中自愿成为他的同伴。根据句意可知，此处泛指“他的一个朋友”，应用不定冠词，friend以辅音音素开头，应用a，空处位于句首，首字母大写。故填A。
3.（2021新课标I卷）While you’re in China, Mount Huangshan is must to visit!
3. a
解析：句意为：你在中国的时候,一定要去黄山！泛指一件必须的事情,所以用不定冠词,故填a.
序号
| 典型场合
| 典型示例
| 1
| a用在辅音开头的单词前，an用在以元音开头单词前【不见元音不加an，不看字母看发音】
| an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an umbrella 一把伞
a university 一所大学 a European country 一个欧洲国家
an unusual story一个不同寻常故事 an unhappy boy一个不高兴的男孩
| 2
| 第一次提到的某人或某物之前
| The panda is an endangered animal.熊猫是一种濒危动物。
| 3
| 泛指人或事物的某一类别
| A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种能飞的机器。
| 4
| 用在表示数量、长度、时间等的名词前，表示“每一”
| The car moves 100 miles an hour.这辆小汽车以每小时100英里速度行驶
Rome was not built in a day.罗马非一日建成。/冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。
| 5
| 不定冠词a/an用于抽象名词前，表示具体的人或事物
| The party was a great success.晚会开得很成功。
It’s a pleasure to work with you.与你一起工作是件乐事。
| 6
| 用于专有名词前，表示“某一个”
| I want to be a Bill Gates.我想成为比尔·盖茨式的人物。
| 7
| 用于序数词之前,表示重复
| Soon I saw a second plane.不久我又看到了另一架飞机。
| 8
| 用于最高级前意为“非常”
| This is a most interesting story.这是一个极为动人的故事。
| 9
| 用于物质名词的数量化
| I’d like a tea and two coffees.请给我一杯茶和两杯咖啡。
| 10
| 与 have，take，make等连用
| Take a look at these figures! 看一下这些数字吧！
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考点二：考查定冠词the的用法
4.（2024新课标I卷）Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse walks visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for 61 first time.
4.the。
考查冠词。句意：亚洲和欧洲之间的贸易路线第一次为英国带来了丝绸、香料和许多植物。固定搭配：for the first time，意为“第一次”，符合句意。故填the。
序号
| 典型场合
| 典型示例
| 1
| 表示双方都知道的人或物
| Would you mind turning down the radio a little?请把收音机音量调小点好吗？
| 2
| 表示特指的或上文已提到过的人或事物。
| Do you know the girl in red? 你认识那个穿红衣服的女孩么？
The book on the table is mine. 桌子上的那本书是我的。
| 3
| 表示世界上独一无二的事物，如日月星辰地球等
| As is known to us, the earth moves around the sun.众所周知，地球围绕太阳转。
The sun can damage your skin. 阳光能损伤皮肤。
| 4
| 用在序数词前
| He is the first person who knows the secret. 他是第一个知道这个秘密的人。
| 5
| 用在形容词最高级前
| Shanghai is one of the biggest cities in China. 上海市中国最大的城市之一。
| 6
| 用于乐器的名称之前
| She can play the piano quite beautifully. 她可以弹一手好钢琴。
| 7
| 用在姓氏的复数名词前表示一家人或夫妻俩
| The Smiths lived in the apartment above ours.史密斯夫妇住我们楼上公寓里。
The Greens will move to the country. 格林一家要搬到乡下去。
| 8
| 与形容词连用表示一类人
| The injured were taken to the nearest hospital.受伤的人被送到了最近的医院。
| 9
| 用在世纪、年代、时期或朝代的名词前
| The war broke out in the 1980s.战争爆发于20世纪80年代。
He moved to the south in his fifties.他五十几岁时搬到了南方。
| 10
| 用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前
| the United States of America美国
the United Nations 联合国
| 11
| 江、河、湖、海、山脉、运河、岛屿等名词前
| the Yellow River 黄河 the Pacific Ocean太平洋
the Alps阿尔卑斯山 the Grand Canal大运河
| 12
| 用于接触身体部位结构
| She patted him on the shoulder. 她碰了他的肩。
| 13
| 用于发明物的单数名词前
| Who invented the telephone？ 电话是谁发明的？
| 14
| 用在表示方位名词之前
| Jilin is in the north of China. 吉林位于中国的北部。
|
5.（2024年浙江 1月卷）Over the last two years, some supermarkets have started selling chicken or salad in packs designed with two halves containing separate portions (份). Then, when you use one section, ____________ other stays fresh.
5. the。
解析：考查冠词。句意：然后，当你使用其中一部分时，另一部分保持新鲜。the other意为“另一个”，为固定搭配，所以此处应用定冠词the。故填the。
6.（2023新课标II卷）Not the pandas, even though____________ language used for the medical training instructions is actually English.
6. the。
解析：考查冠词。句意：不是熊猫，尽管医学训练指导使用的语言实际上是英语。分析句子结构可知，此处特指用于医学训练指导使用的语言，表特指，应用定冠词修饰。故填the。
7.（2023浙江1月卷）In contrast to the court life and upper-class culture represented by the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace, and the Temple of Heaven, the hutongs reflect culture of grassroots Beijingers.
7. the。
解析：考查冠词。句意：与紫禁城颐和园和天坛所代表的宫廷生活和上流社会文化相比，胡同所反映出的是草根北京人的文化。根据名词culture后面的介词短语of grassroots Beijingers可知，此处culture表示特指概念，应用定冠词the修饰。故填the。
8.（2022新课标I卷）Covering an area about three times __________ size of Yellowstone National Park, the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.
8. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：该公园占地面积约为黄石国家公园的三倍，将成为中国首批国家公园之一。本句的结构为：倍数+ the size of +比较成份。故填the。
9.（2022新课标II卷）___________ Brown family live in an apartment building outside Toronto.
9.The
解析：考查冠词。句意：布朗一家住在多伦多郊外的一栋公寓楼里。根据句子结构，设空处要填写冠词与Brown family 构成名词短语作主语。the+姓氏，意为“某某一家人”，the符合句意。同时该单词置于句首，首字母应该大写。故填The。
10.（2022全国乙卷）To celebrate ___________ festival, a number of events took place at the Chinese Businessman Museum in Beijing on Thursday.
10. the
解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：为了庆祝这一节日，周四在北京的中国商人博物馆举行了一系列活动。特指International Tea Day这一节日，所以用定冠词the。故填the。
11.（2022年浙江 1月题）Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak if she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of ___________ time, they agreed.
11. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：对于她的出席，Cobb开始询问邀请她的组织者是否可以远程进行。大约有四分之三的时间，他们同意了。此处特指Cobb询问的时间范围内，故填the。
12.（2021全国甲卷）It took us about 3 hours to go all ___________ way around the Xi'an City Wall.
12. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：我们绕着西安城墙走了大约3个小时。结合句意表示“一直；完全地”可知短语为all the way，故用定冠词the限定名词way。故填the。
13.（2021全国乙卷）Due to ___________ growing popularity of environmentally-related and adventure travel, various types of trips are now being classified as ecotourism.
13. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：由于与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，各种各样的旅行现在被归类为生态旅游。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填冠词。再结合空格后“growing popularity of environmental-related and adventure travel”可知，此处特指与环境相关的探险旅行越来越受欢迎，所以应填定冠词the。故填the。
14.（2021浙江卷）____________ Lincolns enlarged the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
14. The
解析：考查冠词。句意：林肯夫妇在1856年把房子扩大到了整整两层，以满足他们日益增长的家庭的需要。根据句意可知，此处意为“林肯一家”；根据设空后的Lincolns可知，此处考查“the+姓氏复数”，表示夫妇俩，或者一家人。设空处位于句首，所以首字母要大写。故填The。
15.（2020新课标II卷）The plum trees are __________ first to flower even as the snow is melting (融化).
15. the
解析：考查冠词。句意：雪还在融化时，梅花是第一个开花的。这里表示特指，所以序数词first前要加定冠词the。故填the。
16.（2020浙江卷）Then, with ___________ rise of science，changes began.
16. the
解析：考查定冠词。句意：随着科学的崛起，事情发生了变化。with the rise of 译为“随着......的崛起”是固定短语。故填the。
考点三：考查冠词与短文改错
17.（2024全国甲卷）A attendant gave us some travel brochures about Chongqing.
17. 考查冠词。句意：一位服务员给了我们一些关于重庆的旅游手册。名词attendant 发音以元音音素开头，所以用不定冠词an。A改成An 。
18.（2023全国甲卷）In the evening, when I take the walk in the school garden, the singing of insects becomes more meaningful to me.
18. the改为a。
解析：考查冠词。句意：晚上，当我在学校的花园里散步时，昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。表示“散步”短语为take a walk。故the改为a。
19.（2023全国乙卷）Mom was sure same color would look great on her.
19. same前加the。
解析：考查冠词。句意：妈妈确信同样的颜色在她身上会很好看。same前常加定冠词。故same前加the。
20.（2020新课标I卷）I waited patiently until the oil was hot. Then I put the tomatoes and the beaten eggs into pan together.
20. pan前加the。
解析：句意：然后我把西红柿和打好的鸡蛋一起放进平底锅。此处特指上文提到的pan，所以其前应加定冠词the，故在pan前加the。
21.（2020新课标I卷）For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I have to eat an apple.
21. the改成a。
解析：泛指“一碗鸡蛋汤”，bowl以辅音音素开头，用不定冠词a，所以the改成a。
解析：考查名词。句意：当答案是否定的时候，她拒绝了那个邀请。此处需填入名词作动词decline的宾语，故填invitation。
（24-25高一下·广东深圳·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
More than 80 archaeological sites and artifact distribution points containing artifacts that date back from the Neolithic Period (新石器时代) 1 modern times have recently been discovered in South China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.
This cluster (集群) of considerable size was discovered along the coast of Beibu Gulf in Guangxi. The area has long been known as a cradle for underwater discoveries as well as findings 2 shed light on cross-cultural and cross-ethnic exchanges.
Pottery pieces with comb-patterned designs 3 (find) among some of the cluster’s ruins such as the Shanmiaoling site and the Dishuiping site. Other excavated sites such as Wayaodong, Masiling and Duimianling are characterized by Warring States Period and Qin Dynasty archaeological features. The artifacts 4 (collect) on the spot are mainly pottery wares decorated with patterns similar to the Chinese character “米”, or featuring grid motifs and waffle pattern designs. These findings provide significant 5 (refer) for studying the Qin and Han’s handicrafts developments.
The cluster’s sites not only belong to a 6 (various) of different time periods, but they are also quite diverse, including city ruins, settlement sites, tombs, and 7 (remain) that are identified as iron-smelting locations.
The 8 (new) discovered archaeological cluster resulted from a survey 9 (focus) on Beibu Gulf archaeology, conducted by the Guangxi Institute of Cultural Relics Protection and Archaeology in 2024. The survey lasted nearly 70 days and covered 10 area of 20,000 square kilometers.
【答案】
1．to 2．that/which 3．were found 4．collected 5．reference 6．variety 7．remains 8．newly 9．focusing 10．an
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述广西北部湾沿岸古代遗址调查取得重要成果——新发现80处遗址和遗物分布点。
1．考查介词。句意：最近在中国南部广西壮族自治区发现了80多个考古遗址和文物分布点，这些遗址和文物的历史可以追溯到新石器时代到现代。from…to…是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”。故填to。
2．考查定语从句。句意：长期以来，该地区一直被认为是水下发现的摇篮，以及揭示跨文化和跨民族交流的发现。空处引导定语从句，先行词是findings，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。
3．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：在山庙岭遗址和低水坪遗址等遗址中发现了梳状图案的陶器。主语Pottery pieces和find之间是被动关系，且句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语表示复数意义，be动词使用were。故填were found。
4．考查非谓语动词。句意：现场收集的文物主要是陶器，装饰有类似汉字“字形”的图案，或者以网格图案和华夫饼图案为特色。collect和artifacts之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作定语。故填collected。
5．考查名词。句意：这些发现对研究秦汉手工业的发展具有重要的参考意义。空处作宾语，前面有形容词修饰，应用名词形式，refer的名词为reference意为“参考”。故填reference。
6．考查名词。句意：该遗址群的遗址不仅属于不同的时期，而且种类繁多，包括城市遗址、定居点、坟墓和被确定为炼铁地点的遗迹。空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用various的名词variety，固定短语a variety of意为“各种各样的”。故填variety。
7．考查名词复数。句意：同上。remain是动词，加s后可以作名词用，表示“遗迹，残留物”。故填remains。
8．考查副词。句意：新发现的考古集群是由广西文物保护与考古研究所于2024年进行的一项以北部湾考古为重点的调查结果。空处修饰动词discovered，应填副词形式，new的副词为newly意为“新地”。故填newly。
9．考查非谓语动词。句意：同上。focus和survey之间是主动关系，使用现在分词作定语。故填focusing。
10．考查冠词。句意：此次调查历时近70天，覆盖面积达2万平方公里。an area of意为“面积为……”，符合句意。故填an。
（24-25高一下·四川内江·期中）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
On January 28, 2025, a special performance called YangBOT amazed audiences at the CCTV Spring Festival Gala, China’s most-watched TV show.
In the performance, humanoid robots 11 (dress) in colorful costumes danced yangko, a joyful folk dance from northern China often seen during festivals. These robotics, 12 were designed specially for this show by Unitree, a Chinese company, spun (旋转) handkerchiefs instantly and formed creative group patterns. This was not the first success for Unitree — in 2021, their robot cows named “Ben Ben”danced as backup for 13 famous singer.
The robots learned dance moves through AI to move 14 (safe) on the uneven stage. Their strong joints helped to balance 15 (they) perfectly during fast steps. This dance was not only just fun, 16 it showed what technology could bring to traditions.
Thanks to the innovation, the robots 17 (win) the hearts of millions. Young 18 (viewer) called it “cool”, while older audiences loved its humor and festive spirit.
The YangBOT program is a perfect mix 19 China’s tech progress and cultural pride. As one fan said, “It’s like 20 (watch) the future and past dance together!”
【答案】
11．dressed 12．which 13．a 14．safely 15．themselves 16．but 17．won 18．viewers 19．of 20．watching
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍了在2025年央视春晚中名为YangBOT的特别表演，包括表演的内容、机器人的设计以及该表演所体现的科技与文化的融合。
11．考查非谓语动词。句意：在表演中，身着五颜六色服装的人形机器人跳起了秧歌，这是一种在中国北方节日期间常见的欢快的民间舞蹈。句中已有谓语动词 danced，所以此处为非谓语动词，dress与humanoid robots之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词dressed作后置定语，修饰humanoid robots。故填dressed。
12．考查定语从句。句意：这些由中国公司Unitree专门为这场演出设计的机器人，迅速地旋转着手帕，并形成了富有创意的团体图案。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词These robotics，指物，关系代词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。故填which。
13．考查冠词。句意：这并不是Unitree的首次成功——2021年，他们名为“犇犇”的机器人为一位著名歌手伴舞。singer是可数名词单数，空前无限定词，此处表示泛指“一位著名歌手”，且famous是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
14．考查副词。句意：这些机器人通过人工智能学习舞蹈动作，以便在不平整的舞台上安全地移动。此处修饰动词move，要用副词形式作状语，safe的副词形式是safely，表示“安全地”。故填safely。
15．考查反身代词。句意：它们强壮的关节有助于在快速的舞步中完美地保持自身平衡。此处为代词作宾语，结合句意可知，主语和宾语为同一人物，所以此处使用反身代词，they的反身代词是themselves。故填themselves。
16．考查连词。句意：这支舞蹈不仅仅有趣，而且它展示了科技能为传统带来什么。此处是固定搭配“not only...but (also)...”，意为 “不但……而且……”，所以此处使用but。故填but。
17．考查动词时态。句意：多亏了这项创新，这些机器人赢得了数百万人的心。根据语境以及下文的谓语动词called可知，此处用一般过去时，谓语动词为win的过去式won。故填won。
18．考查名词复数。句意：年轻的观众称它“很酷”，而年长的观众喜欢它的幽默和节日气氛。viewer是可数名词，根据while older audiences可知，此处指多个年轻观众，要用复数形式viewers。故填viewers。
19．考查介词。句意：YangBOT 这个节目是中国科技进步和文化自豪感的完美结合。此处是固定短语a mix of...，意为“……的混合”，所以此处为介词of。故填of。
20．考查非谓语动词。句意：正如一位粉丝所说：“这就像是看着未来和过去一起跳舞！”此处为非谓语动词作宾语，like为介词，所以此处使用watch的动名词形式watching。故填watching。
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