Unit 3 Section B【教案】-2021-2022学年高一英语同步精品教案（人教版2019必修第二册

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• (教材P28) Jan’s life has been greatly improved by the Internet. “When you go through tough times, you meet others who are facing similar challenges.” 因特网大大改善了简的生活。“当你经历困难的时候，你会遇到其他面临类似挑战的人...”
  

go through

• _____________ 经历；经受（困境、痛苦等）
  

Although he has gone through many difficulties, he's still happy.
尽管经受过许多困难，他仍然快乐。

• _____________ 完成
  

How long will it take you to go through the book? 看完这本书你得用多长时间？

• _____________  仔细检查；审查
  

I always start the day by going through my emails.我总是以检查电子邮件开始新的一天。

• _____________  穿过；（法案等）通过
  

The plan went through,which made us all happy. 计划通过了，这使我们非常高兴。

• _____________  用完；用光
  

We went through all our money last week and had nothing to buy the milk.
上周我们花光了所有的钱，并且没钱买牛奶了。
tough

• 词性________词义________ adj.艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的（＝difficult)
  

It was a tough decision to make. 那是个很难做的决定。
She’s been having a tough time lately. 她最近的日子一直很难熬。

• 词性________词义________ adj.严厉的；强硬的；粗野的；粗暴的
  

be tough on 对······严厉
Don't be too tough on him. He was only trying to help. 别对他要求过严，他只是想帮忙。

• 词性________词义________ adj.坚固的；牢固的；结实的
  

You’d better wear a tough pair of shoes when hiking.远足时你最好穿一双结实的鞋。

易混词	区别
tough	既可表示“严厉的；强硬的，坚固的”，也可表示“艰难的，棘手的”，可与rough互换
rough	除了表示“艰难的”外，还表示“粗糙的；不平滑的；粗略的”

• (教材P29) Plus they can download movies and music at high speeds.此外，他们还可以高速下载电影和音乐。
  

• 词性________词义________  conj.而且；此外；况且（＝furthermore)
  

I've got too much on at work. Plus my father is not well.
我工作负担太重了，而且我父亲身体也不好。

• 词性________词义________ prep.加；加上
  

Two plus five is seven. 2加5等于7.

• 词性________词义________  n.优势；好处；长处
  

Knowledge of French is a plus in her job. 通晓法文使她在工作中占优势。

• 词性________词义________ adj.多，余；零度以上；优点的
  

The work will cost $10,000 plus. 这项工作将耗资一万余美元。

• (教材P28) At age 50, she found herself out of work and stuck at home with only her computer to keep her company. 50岁时，她发觉自己失业了，困在家里，只有电脑为伴。
  

在本句中，“out of work and stuck at home”做____________。 宾语补足语；
“with only her computer to keep her company”是with 复合结构做stuck的_____________。伴随状语
【考点提炼】★find+宾语＋宾语补足语★
此结构中通常不使用动原形来充当宾语补足语，其结构形式如下：

• find+宾语＋形容词／副词／名词／介词短语(表示状态或方式)
  

• find+宾语＋现在分词(表示正在进行的主动动作)
  

• find+宾语＋过去分词(表示被动完成的动作)
  

He found the text difficult to understand. (_________做宾补) 形容词
他发现这篇课文很难理解。
When he woke up, he found himself in hospital. (_________做宾补) 介词短语
当他醒来时，发现自己在医院里。
I found a number of people already working there. (_________做宾补) 现在分词
我发现很多人已经在那里工作了。
The old man found his hometown much changed. (_________做宾补) 过去分词
这位老人发现自己的家乡有了很大的变化。

【归纳拓展】

• 常用于“动词＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构的动词有feel, find, think, make, consider等。
  

He spoke loud enough to make himself heard.
他说话的声音大得足以让人听见。

• “动词＋it+宾语补足语＋真正宾语［不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或that从句］”结构中，it是形式宾语，而将真正的宾语移到句子的后部。
  

I found it pleasant to be with my family.
我发现和我的家人在一起很开心。

【单句语法填空】

• Even the best writers sometimes find themselves _________ (lose) for words.
  

• A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _________ (smoke) in the kitchen.
  

• After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice __________ (call) him.
  

• My parents have always made me _________ (feel) good about myself,even when I was twelve.
  

【翻译句子】

• 老师发觉露西很诚实。__________________________________
  

• 他认为有必要谈谈我们的问题。__________________________________
  

答1. (1)lost  (2)smoking  (3)calling  (4)feel  2. (1)The teacher finds/found Lucy honest. (2) He thinks it necessary to talk about our problems.
【考点提炼】“with+宾语＋宾语补足语”构成with的复合结构
with的复合结构可构成独立主格结构，通常做伴随状语；宾语补足语的形式是多种多样的，此结构使句子更加简洁、生动。

• with+宾语＋不定式（表示即将发生的动作）
  

• with+宾语＋现在分词（表示正在进行的主动动作）
  

• with+宾语＋过去分词（表示被动完成的动作）
  

• with+宾语＋形容词／副词／名词／介词短语（表示状态或方式）
  

With two children attending middle school now, the parents have to work hard.
现在，由于两个孩子在中学上学，父母们不得不努力工作。
With his pocket picked on the bus, the old man got a little angry.
由于在公共汽车上被人掏了他的口袋，老人有点生气。
With a lot of difficult problems to solve, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
由于有很多困难的问题要解决，新当选的总统现在处境艰难。
Einstein walked in the street, with his slippers on.
爱因斯坦穿着拖鞋走在街上。

【归纳拓展】
“名词＋宾语补足语”结构也构成独立主格结构，其用法与with的复合结构大体相同；但如果介词短语做宾语补足语，介词前后的两个名词均不加任何修饰语（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数形式。
A robber burst into the room, knife in hand/with a knife in his hand.
一个强盗手里拿着刀冲进房间。

【单句语法填空】

• The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _________ (follow) them.
  

• The living room is clean and tidy, with a         dining table already _________ (lay) for a meal to be cooked.
  

【改为同义句】

• If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk.
  

→________________, we'll go out for a walk.

• Because I had nothing to do, I dropped in on a friend of mine.
  

→________________, I dropped in on a friend of mine.

• We sat in the courtyard,and the moon was rising above the treetops.
  

→We sat in the courtyard, _______________ above the treetops.
答1. (1)following (2)laid (3)turn (4)on2. (1)Weather permitting（2)With nothing to do（3)with the moon rising

• (教材P30) They’ve built a kind of new PC with more functions.他们开发了一种功能更多的新型个人电脑。
  

• 词性________词义________  n.作用；功能；职能
  

fulfil/perform a function 发挥功能
The only task is to make it perform a function. 唯一的任务就是使它发挥功能。
The function of smile is to show happiness and put people at ease.
微笑的作用是表示快乐和使人感到自在。

• 词性________词义________ vi.起作用；运转
  

function as 起到·······作用
function well/properly 运转正常
This machine is not functioning properly. 这部机器运转不正常。
The sofa can also function as a bed. 这沙发也可以当床用。

【归纳拓展】
work as 当；担任；担任·····工作
act as 担任·······角色
serve as 用作；充当（事物做主语 没有被动）

• (教材P30) Have you confirmed the Wi-Fi password? 你确认无线网络的密码了吗？
  

• 词性________词义________ vt.证实；证明；确认
  

confirm+sth./that从句／wh-从句（尤指通过提供更多证据）证实。。。。。。
It has been confirmed that... 已确定·.....
Rumors of job losses were later confirmed. 裁员的传言后来被证实了。
It has been confirmed that they will leave their hometown for Canada.
已经确定他们将离开家乡去加拿大。

• 词性________词义________   vt.使确信
  

confirm sb. in sth. (使)某人确信某事
The walk in the mountains confirmed his fear of heights.
在山里步行使他更加确信自己有恐高症。

【归纳拓展】
_____________(n.)证实；确定；批准；确认confirmation

【单句语法填空】

• Please send email ____________ (confirm) your reservation for the hotel.
  

• It ___________ (confirm) that the meeting will take place next week.
  

• There was frost on the ground, ___________ (confirm) that fall had arrived in Canada.
  

frost[frɔːst] n.严寒天气;霜冻

• I'm still waiting for the __________ (confirm) of the test results.
  

答（1)to confirm (2)has been confirmed（4)confirming（5)confirmation

• (教材P30) Has anyone made a comment about the online database?有人对在线数据库发表评论吗？
  

• 词性________词义_________，常与介词on/about/upon连用。n.评论；意见，见解。
  

make a comment about/on/upon 评论....
No comment! (通常用于回答记者的问题）无可奉告！
He made no comments on our proposal. 他对我们的建议没有做评论。
She made helpful comments on my work. 她对我的工作提出了有益的意见。

• 词性________词义_________ vt.评论，评注，批评；提意见，发表意见
  

comment on/upon 评论..
comment+that从句 发表意见说。。。。。。。
Would you care to comment on any troublesome students in your class?
你愿意谈谈你对你们班上调皮学生的看法吗？
He commented that he thought it was time for us to go home.他发表意见说他认为该是我们回家的时间了。

【单句语法填空】

• Joan _____________ (comment) that it was a better play than usual, and I agreed.
  

• The play _____________ (comment) by the audience so far.
  

• The minister refused to comment publicly ___________ these affairs.
  

答1.(1)commented（2)has been commented（3)on/upon

• (教材P31) Both of Xiao Bo's apps keep track of the steps he takes.小波的两个应用程序都记录了他采用的步骤。
  

• ______________ 掌握......的最新消息；了解......的动态
  

With eleven thousand employees, it's very difficult to keep track of them all.
对于一支1.1万人的员工队伍，很难及时了解到所有人的动态。

• ______________ 记录
  

I use a small notebook to keep track of all the new sentences I learn.
我用一个小笔记本记录我所学到的所有新句子。

• ______________  与...保持联系
  

She managed to keep track of her friends. 她设法与朋友们保持联系。

【归纳拓展】

• lose track of 不了解...的动态；与...失去联系
  

• track词性________词义_________& 词性________词义_________
  

n.小道，小径；足迹，踪迹；轨道；跑道vt.跟踪；追踪