(学案)Unit 3 Celebrations Lesson 1 Spring Festival

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Unit 3 Celebrations
Lesson 1 Spring Festival
【学习目标】
1．了解使用被动语态的场合。
2．熟练掌握各种时态的被动语态结构。
3．在语篇中理解和熟练运用被动语态。
4．掌握并熟练运用本课重点词汇和句型。
5．分析文章中的长难句，判断复合句的类型.
【学习重点】
1．各种时态的被动语态结构。（时态变化体现在be动词）
2．一些特殊结构的被动语态（双宾语、不带to的动词不定式的被动语态）
3．不使用被动语态的场合
【学习难点】
能够在具体语境中熟练运用被动语态。
【学习过程】
I.知识梳理
一、重点词组。
1从上到下，彻底的____________________
2脸上戴着期待的表情____________________
3吓走怪物____________________
4扫除过去一年的污秽____________________
5被—包围着____________________
6表示我们对健康和幸福的祝愿____________________
7春节情景的生动画面____________________
8挂上装饰品____________________
9倒置地____________________
10动身前往____________________
11结婚____________________
12退休____________________
13谈论过去____________________
14提供某人某物____________________
二、分析长难句，判断复合句类型。
1. I usually start planning my trip home to Shanxi weeks before Spring Festival, as train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.
2. As I get older, coming home and being with my entire family is the most important part of it.
3. Great fun is also enjoyed in the kitchen as the dumplings are being made.
4. We always have dumplings during this time, as they mean something special during this occasion.
5. What we eat isn’t the most important thing.
6. What’s important is who we eat it with.
7. We think about what the children would like to eat, what we need to buy and what dishes need to be prepared.
8. It’s great to hear what everyone’s been up to.
三、重点词汇。
value attach  book  let off light up  take great care in doing sth  fill sb in on sth  up to sth  
value  n 价值；重要性；道德观念，行为标准
1. valueless adj 无价值的      valuable adj 贵重的值钱的
drop/fall/decline/go down in value 贬值     gain/rise/go up in value 增值
the value of regular exercise 经常运动的好处
Be of great/much/some/little/no value to sb 对—有很大/一些/没什么/毫无帮助
artistic/legal/scientific values艺术/法律/科学标准
value  vt    value sth at sth 估计/估价为       value sb/sth as sth重视
value sb/sth     sth be highly valued 重视
He valued the house for me at $60,000. 那房子他为我估价6万美元。
value one’s advice/information
value truth above all else 把真理看的比什么都重要
Do you value her as the best friend?
【完成句子】
1）Everyone realizes _________  (每个人都认识到诚实的重要性。)
2）Their house _____________ 20 per cent. (他们的房子已经升值了20%。)
3）The house _________ $250,000. (这所房屋估价为25万美元。)
4）_________around $10,000 was stolen last night. (估价1万美元左右的珠宝昨晚被偷了。)
【翻译】
1）她高度地重视他的意见。
2）我们负担不起那估价为一百万元的房子。
3）我们要重视老师给我们的建议。
4）每个中国家庭都非常重视春节。
5）他提供给我们的信息对我们很重要。
2. attach  vt.    attachment  n.
attach sth. to sth.=sth. be attached to sth.将…绑（或系、贴）在…上；将…固定（或连接）在…上，附加
attach importance/significance/value to sth.认为有重要性（或意义、价值）重视
attach oneself to sb./sth.  (不受欢迎或未受邀请而)依附于
sb. be attached to sb. 隶属于
attach a label to each piece of luggage 每件行李上都加上标签
a document attached to a letter 信中附加的文件
I attached myself to a group of tourists entering the museum.我随着一队游客混进了博物馆。
be/grow attached to sth. 依恋爱慕
We have grown attached to the house and would hate to move.我们非常留恋这座房子，真舍不得搬走。
【完成句子】
1）The character Fu ___________ the front door. (中国福倒贴在前门上。)
2）A young man ___________ at the party and I couldn’t get rid of him. (聚会中有个小青年缠着我，我甩不开他。)
3）You ___________ until the end of the year. (你在年前将隶属于这一部门。)
4）She didn’t notice _____________________. (她没注意到信中附加的文件。)
3. reserve =book (up) a seat/room/table/flight/ticket 预定预购
I’d like to book three seats for tonight’s concert.
The hotel/performance is fully booked.这件旅馆的房间/这次演出的票全预定出去了。
book sb on sth 给（某人）预订飞机等座位 booked you on the 10 o’clock flight.
book in=check in    book into a hotel旅馆办理了住宿手续
All seats are bookable in advance.
【辨析】book  reserve  order
book/reserve: 指预订房间、餐馆、机票、火车票等。 book/reserve sb a seat
order指预订货物或服务     order sth for sb=order sb sth 订购货物
Order a new carpet for my parents=order my parents a new carpet
【完成句子】
1）I’d like to ___________. (我想订一张今晚8点钟的二人餐桌。)
2）I got in at ten and__________.（我十点钟到达后直接到一家旅馆办理了住宿手续。）
【翻译】
1）英国官员已为妇女和儿童预订了宾馆房间。
2）我已经为我们定了两张票。
3）这趟航班总是被订满。
4）你最好提前预订火车票。
5）这家工厂订购了一套新设备。
4. fill sb in on sth: give sb full details about sth 对某人提供有关…的情况
Can you fill me in on what has been happening? 你能把发生的事情原原本本地告诉我吗?
5. up to sth 多达；直到；能胜任；取决于；正在做着/忙着
I can take up to 4 people in my car.         
read up to page 100
Up to now he has been quiet.
He is not up to the part of Othello.
It is up to sb to do sth/whether
What tricks has he been up to?        
He is up to no good. 他现在没干好事。
II．学习进阶
Language Focus: Passive Voice
1.读下列句子，划出被动语态结构。
1）The house was cleaned from top to bottom.
2）It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
3）Train tickets or flights have to be booked as early as possible.
4）The spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept.
2.在课文中找出更多含有被动语态的句子，并将其按照时态进行分类。
1）Spring Festival is highly valued by every Chinese family.
2）The Chinese character Fu was attached upside down to our front door.
3）Fireworks were being let off across the city.
4）The night sky was lighted up by them.
5）The moment I get on the train, I am surrounded by Shanxi accents …
6）My parents will fill me in on what’s been happening—who has got married …
7）My husband and I are both retired.
8）We think about what we need to buy and what dishes need to be prepared.
9）Great fun is also enjoyed in the kitchen as the dumplings are being made.
10）Most of the important Spring Festival traditions are still being practised by people across the country.
3.归纳：各种时态的被动语态结构

时态	主动语态	被动语态
一般现在时	do/does	am/is/are done
一般过去时	did	was/were done
现在进行时	am/is/are doing	am/is/are being done
过去进行时	was/were doing	was/were being done
一般将来时	will/shall do	will/shall be done
过去将来时	would do	would be done
现在完成时	has/have done	has/have been done
过去完成时	had done	had been done
情态动词	can/may/must do	can/may/must be done
动词不定式	to do	to be done

4.思考：
1）是不是所有动词都有被动语态？
2）被动语态通常用在哪些场合？
5.总结
1）被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。不及物动词和感官动词及系动词无被动语态。如：happen, occur, take place, feel, sound, taste, smell, look, become等。要想正确地使用被动语态，就须注意哪些动词是及物的，哪些是不及物的。特别是一词多义的动词往往有两种用法。
2）在下列情况下使用被动语态：
a.不知道也不需要知道谁做的这件事：It is believed that when Fu is put upside down …
b.动作本身比“动作执行者”更重要，或不想指出谁做的这件事：The spirit of the festival—the spirit of family—has largely been kept.
c.在书面语中，特别是在科技报告、新闻报道中，被动语态比主动语态更正式：
The International Space Station has been built in the Earth’s orbit.
d.为了更好地安排句子。
The well-known person got on the bus and was immediately recognized by people. (一个主语就够了)
歌诀：谁做的动作不知道，说出谁做的没有必要；动作承受者需强调，被动语态运用到。
6. Use the passive voice to write 3–5 sentences about your favorite festival.
1) Lantern Festival:
The lantern show ______on the 15th day of the first lunar month. (celebrate)
Thousands of lanterns_____ to create a special and happy atmosphere. (hang)
Fireworks ______ and light up the sky.
Sticky rice balls ______during the occasion. They are a sign of our wishes for reunion and good luck.
2) Dragon Boat Festival:
Dragon Boat Festival ______ on the 5th day of the fifth lunar month. (celebrate)
The dragon boat race _____to honor Qu Yuan (hold).
3) Spring Festival:
The Chinese character Fu is ____to upside down to the front door. It _____that when Fu_____ upside down, happiness arrives.
Fireworks _____across the city. The night sky _______ by them.
The house _____from top to bottom.
7.作文中运用
在英语写作中使用复杂的句式结构是提高书面表达档次，增加语言亮点的主要途径之一，而被动语态就是复杂结构中的重要一项，因此，在写作中巧妙地运用被动语态可为我们的作文增光添彩。
Writing: Use the passive voice to write a paragraph about Spring Festival.
1.词数：100词左右
2.使用至少6个被动语态结构。(value, celebrate, clean, attach, set off, light up, make dumplings, put up)