专题01 Unit 3 Celebrations Topic Talk导学案 (解析版) -（北师大版2019必修第一册）

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专题01 Unit 3 Celebrations Topic Talk 精品导学案(解析版)

1. occasion
【教材语境】P50 》Choose a festival or a special occasion that you like.
【例句展示】
1. He has been known on occasion to lose his temper.
2. Your eighteenth birthday is an important occasion when you legally become an adult.
3. As the years passed, many occasions were marked with Dad's flowers.
4. I've met him on several occasions.
【用法总结】
    重要社交活动；时刻；时候 n occasion→偶尔的；临时的adjoccasional→偶尔adv occasionally
on one occasion　有一次
on that occasion  那时；在那种情况下
on occasion          偶尔
【即学即练】
1. ____________ one occasion, she called me in the middle of the night.
2. He managed to remain cool by swimming ____________ (occasion).
3. Describe an occasion ____________ many people were smiling.
Keys: 1. On 2. occasionally 3. when
2. Congratulations
【教材语境】P50 》offering congratulations
【例句展示】
1. You've passed your driving test? Congratulations!
2. We congratulateyouonyourpassing the College Entrance Examination.
【用法总结】
(口头上)祝贺vt congratulate →祝贺语n congratulations (常用复数)
congratulations (to sb) on sth 祝贺(某人)某事
congratulate sb on sth 祝贺某人某事
1. I send you my warmest ____________ (congratulate) on your success.
2. Many friends came to congratulate him ____________ his marriage, and some sent emails to express their congratulations.
3. We offer our ____________ (congratulate) to you on your passing the College Entrance Examination.
Keys: 1. congratulations 2. on 3. congratulations
3. decorate
【教材语境】P28 》A lot of places were decorated with lanterns.
【例句展示】
1. He decoratedhisroomwith pictures of all his favourite sports figures.
2. The Christmas tree was decorated with many gifts and sweets.
【用法总结】
装饰，布置，美化vt decorate→装饰，装饰物n decoration
decorate ...with ...　用……装饰……
be decorated with ...用……来装饰
1. Let's go and buy some ____________ (decorate) to make our house and Christmas tree more beautiful.
2. During National Day, all the streets in Beijing ____________ (decorate) with colorful flags, flowers and balloons.
Keys: 1. decorations 2. are decorated
【背话题佳句】
1. It is believed that when Fu is put upside down, happiness arrives.
人们认为，当“福”字倒过来时，幸福就到了。
2. With the beautiful moon up in the sky, we sit together and eat mooncakes and fruit, sharing our stories.
美丽的月亮高挂在天空，我们坐在一起吃着月饼和水果，分享着我们的故事。
3. On the Eve of the Spring Festival, firstly, family members get together and have big meals. Secondly, they watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV.
在除夕，家庭成员首先聚在一起吃大餐，然后他们观看电视上的春节联欢晚会。
4. To clean houses on the Eve of New Year is a very old custom, even dating back to thousands of years ago.
春节前夕打扫房屋是一个非常古老的习俗，甚至可以追溯到几千年前。
5. In addition, you will have a chance to learn how to make dumplings, which is a typical Chinese custom, where I believe you are sure to have great fun.
还有，你们将有机会学习如何包饺子，这是中国典型的习俗，我相信你们一定会从中感受到快乐。
Unit 3 Celebrations Topic Talk能力提升A卷
一、词形转换
1.重要社交活动；时刻；时候 n _____________→偶尔的；临时的adj_____________→偶尔adv _____________
2.毕业n _____________→毕业vt ___________→大学毕业生；毕业典礼n ___________
3.粘贴；困住；突出；坚持；刺/捅vt __________→pt__________→pp ___________→黏性的，黏的adj __________
4.（口头上）祝贺vt _____________→祝贺语n _____________
5.装饰，布置，美化vt _____________→装饰，装饰物n_____________
6.传统n _____________→传统的adj____________→传统地 adv_____________平衡的
一、词形转换答案
1.occasion, occasional, occasionally 2.graduation, graduate, graduate 3.stick, stuck, stuck, sticky 4.congratulate, congratulations 5.decorate, decoration 6.tradition, traditional, traditionally
二、识词知义
1.dragon                 n
2.lunar                         adj
3.barbecue                n.
4.adult                        n  
5.lantern                 n
6.pudding                 n   
7.turkey                         n
8.monster                  n
二、识词知义答案
1.dragon        n 龙
2.lunaradj 阴历的；月球的
3.barbecue n. 烧烤的
4.adult        n 成人
5.lantern        n 灯笼
6.pudding n 布丁；甜食，甜点心  
7.turkey         n 火鸡
8.monster        n怪兽，怪物
三、高频短语
1.on an occasion
2.celebrate a festival
3.on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month
4.on the 25th of December
5.graduate from secondary school  
6.eat mooncakes  
7.watch fireworks  
8.eat dessert
9.enjoy the moon
10.come to an end
11.be at war with
12.be at peace with
13.the Song Dynasty
14.decorate…with lanterns
15.blow out candles
16.the Dragon Boat Festival
17.the Spring Festival
18.the Lantern Festival
19.the Mid-autumn Festival
20.the Double Ninth Festival
21.the Qingming Festival
22.New Year’s Day
23.congratulate sb on doing
24.spread traditional Chinese culture
三、高频短语答案
1.on an occasion 偶尔
2.celebrate a festival 庆祝节日
3.on the 15th day of the eighth lunar month
阴历八月十五
4.on the 25th of December 在12月25日
5.graduate from secondary school 高中毕业
6.eat mooncakes 吃月饼
7.watch fireworks看烟火  
8.eat dessert 吃甜点心
9.enjoy the moon 赏月
10.come to an end 结束
11.be at war with 与……交战
12.be at peace with 与……和平相处
13.the Song Dynasty 宋朝
14.decorate…with lanterns用灯笼装饰
15.blow out candles 吹灭蜡烛
16.the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节
17.the Spring Festival 春节
18.the Lantern Festival元宵节
19.the Mid-autumn Festival 中秋节
20.the Double Ninth Festival 重阳节
21.the Qingming Festival 清明节
22.New Year’s Day 元旦
23.congratulate sb on doing 祝贺某人做了……
24. spread traditional Chinese culture
传播传统中国文化
四、品句填词
1. Becoming a father meant that he was an _____________ (成年人).
2. The Great Wall winds its way across north China like a huge _____________ (龙).
3. It's traditional in England to eat _____________ (火鸡) on Thanksgiving Day.
4. Mid­Autumn Festival is in the eighth month of the _____________ (阴历的) calendar.
5. I'm making a paper ____________ (灯笼) for my nephew.
6. If you're not busy on Sunday, we'd love to have you both over for a _____________ (烧烤).
7. This is not an _____________(场合) for laughter, where you must take things seriously.
8. _____________(祝贺) on winning the prize!
9.It is a _____________(传统) that women get married in red in most places of China.
四、品句填词答案
1. adult 2. dragon 3. turkeys 4. lunar 5. lantern 6. barbecue 7. occasion 8. Congratulations 9. tradition
五、单句填空
1. I want to offer my sincere _____________ (congratulate) on your success.
2. _____________ (tradition) in our country, the young look after the old.
3. He wants to be a volunteer in the army after _____________ (graduate).
4. I've been writing this report _____________ (occasion) for the last two weeks.
5. Art is not all about beauty or simple _____________ (decorate).
6. Stir in the milk to make a soft but not _____________ (stick) dough.
五、单句填空答案
1. congratulations 2. Traditionally 3. graduation 4. occasionally 5. decoration 6. sticky
Unit 3 Celebrations Topic Talk 能力提升B卷
一、阅读理解
A
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides a year into 24 solar terms (节气). The Spring Equinox (春分), as the fourth term of the year, starts on March 20 and ends on April 3 this year. Here are things you may not know about the Spring Equinox.
Swallows flying north
The ancient Chinese people divided the fifteen days of the Spring Equinox into three “hou’s”, or five-day parts. As the old saying goes, swallows fly back to the North in the first hou; thunder cracks the sky in the second hou; lightning occurs frequently in the third hou. It vividly reveals the climate feature during the Spring Equinox.
Egg-standing games
Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4,000 years ago. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand, he will have good luck in the future.
Flying kites
The Spring Equinox is a good time to fly kites. In ancient times, people did not have good medical resources. To pray for health, they wrote their medical issues on a paper kite. When the kite was in the air, people would cut off the string to let the paper kite float away, symbolizing the flying away of diseases.
Eating spring vegetables
Eating spring vegetables during the Spring Equinox is a commonly practiced custom in many regions of China. Spring vegetables refer to seasonal vegetables that differ from place to place. The ancient teachings in the Chinese classic, Huangdi Neijing, suggest that people eat seasonal foods to help preserve health and bring good luck.
1. Which of the following is NOT mentioned about the Spring Equinox?
A. Time division.        B. Climate feature.
C. Customary activities.        D. Historical stories.
2. What would ancient Chinese people do to pray for health?
A. Stand eggs.        B. Fly kites.
C. Eat spring vegetables.        D. Observe the immigration of birds.
3. Who are the target readers of the text?
A. The general public.        B. Chinese farmers.
C. Culture researchers.                        D. Weather reporters.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了春分的有关知识。
1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The ancient Chinese people divided the fifteen days of the Spring Equinox into three “hou’s”, or five-day parts. As the old saying goes, swallows fly back to the North in the first hou; thunder cracks the sky in the second hou; lightning occurs frequently in the third hou. It vividly reveals the climate feature during the Spring Equinox (古人把春分十五天分为“三候”，每个“候”即五天。古语有云，一候玄鸟至；二候雷乃发声；三候始电，这生动地披露了春分时期的气候特征)”可知，这里介绍了春分的时间划分和气候特征，第三段“Standing an egg upright is a popular game across the country during the Spring Equinox. It is an old custom that dates back to 4,000 years ago. (春分时期，竖蛋是中国一种流行的游戏。这是一个追溯至4000年前的古老风俗)”可知，这里介绍了春分的传统活动。由此可知，文章中并没有提到春分的历史故事。故选D。
2. 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“To pray for health, they wrote their medical issues on a paper kite. (为了祈祷健康，他们把自己的医疗问题写在一个纸风筝上)”可知，古代人通过放风筝乞求健康。故选B。
3. 推理判断题。阅读文章内容，并根据第一段“Here are things you may not know about the Spring Equinox. (以下是一些你可能不知道的关于春分的事情)”可知，本文给我们读者科普了春分的相关知识，此处you指的是我们广大读者，所以本文的读者对象是普通大众。故选A。
B
Holiday Celebrations Throughout Orlando
It's time again for our best free holiday events in Orlando! This year we could all use a little extra holiday cheer. Thankfully, despite some changes, there are still lots of free holiday events in Orlando and throughout Central Florida.
Winter Park "Ye Olde Hometown" Parade(游行)
December 5,2020, starts at 9: 00 a.m.
Central Park on Park Avenue, Winter Park
The Winter Park Chamber of Commerce is proud to host the 68th annual Winter Park Ye Olde Hometown Christmas Parade. The event has been held each December for more than 60years, making it the oldest continuous holiday parade in Central Florida. Reserved spaces for the live event are full, but the parade will be streamed live via Facebook.
20th Annual Christmas Parade
December 5, 2020, starts at 10;00 a.m.
Downtown Mount Dora
Enjoy this annual parade through the streets of downtown Mount Dora. Pets are notallowed.
Winter at Lake Eola Park
December 12, 2020, 5:00 p.m.-10:00 p.m.
Lake Eola Park
There is an annual tree-lighting, announcement of holiday art contest winners and, of course, Santa Claus at Lake Eola Park. Masks and social distance are among the safety measures to be in place.
9th Christmas Light Ride
December 12,2020,7:00 p.m.
Retro City Cycles, Orlando
Ride through Ivanhoe Village and College Park to take in the great light displays. Ride starts at Retro City Cycles and will be about 6 miles at a casual pace; all bikes are welcome! Don't forget to decorate your bike !
4. What do we know about the event in Winter Park?
A. It enjoys a long history.        B. It has lost its popularity.
C. It is hosted by Facebook.        D. It requires reservations online.
5. Which of the following places will probably attract the most artists?
A. Winter Park.        B. Downtown Mount Dora.
C. Lake Eola Park.        D. Ivanhoe Village.
6. What must you do to take part in the 9th Christmas Light Ride?
A. Wear face masks.        B. Keep social distance.
C. Make your bike more beautiful.        D. Arrive at Ivanhoe Village before 7 :00 a.m.
本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍在奥兰多市举行的一些年度节日庆祝活动。
4. 细节理解题。根据Winter Park "Ye Olde Hometown" Parade中的“The Winter Park Chamber of Commerce is proud to host the 68th annual Winter Park Ye Olde Hometown Christmas Parade. The event has been held each December for more than 60years, making it the oldest continuous holiday parade in Central Florida.(冬季公园商会很荣幸举办第68届Winter Park Ye Olde Hometown圣诞游行。60多年来，每年12月都会举行这一节日游行，是佛罗里达中部最古老的连续节日游行。)”可知，该活动迄今有着举办68届的悠久历史。故选A。
5. 推理判断题。根据Winter at Lake Eola Park中的“There is an annual tree-lighting, announcement of holiday art contest winners and, of course, Santa Claus at Lake Eola Park.( 这里有一年一度的圣诞树照明，节日艺术比赛获胜者的公告，当然还有Eola湖公园的圣诞老人。)”可知，该活动有一个宣布节日艺术比赛的获奖者名单的环节。因此举办该活动的 Lake Eola Park可以吸引最多的艺术家。故选C。
6. 细节理解题。根据文章结尾处“Don't forget to decorate your bike!( 别忘了装饰你的自行车!)”可知，这个骑行活动要求参赛者对自己的自行车提前进行装饰。故选C。
二、七选五
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Qingming Festival is celebrated with a three-day national holiday, whose name originates from the saying "lants start to revive and prosper at Qingming in a clean and bright way. Thus, the festival is called Qingming, "which means clean and bright.1Tomb sweeping aims to commemorate family ancestors while going on a spring outing allows everyone the chance to enjoy the beautiful scenery and enjoy the season.
Traditional customs
Tomb sweeping.2On this day, the whole family gathers in front of their ancestral tombs. They offer fruit and wine to their ancestors and clean the weeds from around the tomb. Finally, they kowtow and pray, hoping for their ancestors’ blessing for the rest of the year.
Spring outing. The time around the Qingming Festival is one of the most suitable seasons for a spring outing, as plants are thriving and flowers are blooming. People can have a great time outdoors with their friends and family.3
Traditional food
Qingtuan, a green rice ball tiny enough to fit into your hand, is also called Qingmingguo or Aiguo.      4   
It is a mixture of sticky rice powder and green vegetable juice, stuffed with sweetened bean paste, Qingtuan tastes sweet with the fresh fragrance of Aicao, a green spring vegetable, In celebration of Qingming, people from Shaanxi make steamed buns, known as Huamo, made into different shapes.5Some are for peaceful family life while others represent the wish for health.

• With each distinct look comes a good blessing
  

• Playing football and flying kites are popular activities.
  

• It is popular in the southern regions of the Yangtze River.
  

• Family members gather together to celebrate and taste the food.
  

• The tradition of tomb sweeping originates from the Qin Dynasty.
  

• Many traditional customs are practiced to show respect for our ancestors.
  

• The two main activities over the festival include tomb sweeping and going on a spring outing.
  

• G     2. E    3. B     4. C     5. A
  

【解析】本文是说明文，主要介绍了我国的传统节日清明节及其传统习俗和传统美食。

• 本句位于段中，属于细节句。上句关键词为“the festival（节日）”，下句关键词为“Tomb sweeping（扫墓）”与“going on a spring outing（春游）”，因为空格句需要连接上下句，只有选项G中的“the festival”与“two main activities”可分别与上下句关键词呼应。故选G。
  

• 本句位于段中，属于细节句。本段中心是介绍清明习俗之一扫墓。选项E中的关键词“The tradition of tomb sweeping（扫墓的习俗）”与本段中心一致。故选E。围绕本段的中心，介绍与扫墓有关的背景信息。
  

• 本句位于段尾，属于细节句。本段中心是介绍清明习俗之一春游。选项B中的“Playing football”与“flying kites”与其上一句中的“outdoors”呼应，且与本段中心一致。故选B。
  

• 本句位于段中，属于细节句。选项C中的it与上一句中的“Qingtuan, a green rice ball”是指代关系，且与下一句中的it指代一致。故选C。
  

• 本句位于段中，属于细节句。选项A中的“With each distinct look（每一个不同的样子）”与上句中的“different shapes”呼应，其中的“a good blessing”与下句中的“Some are for…; others represent…”呼应。故选A。
  

三、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

September 22, 2018 will be World Car-Free Day, a day on which people across the globe are encouraged to find   1   methods to meet their transportation needs and re-discover buses, bikes, and their own   2   .
On this day, people get together in the streets, intersections, and neighborhood blocks to   3   the world that we don’t have to accept our car-controlled society.
While   4  along these lines had taken place from time to time starting   5   the 1973 oil crisis, it was only in October, 1994   6   a structured call for such projects was   7in a keynote speech by Eric Britton at the International Accessible Cities Conference held in Toledo (Spain).
The first national campaign was launched in Britain in 1997, and the French followed suit in 1998. In 2000, car Busters issued an open   8for a “World Car-Free Day” to   9with Europe’s Car-Free Day on September 22. 10  then, we have begun to call for citizens to organize11   on or near this day.
However, we do not want12   one day of celebrations and then return to13   life. World Car-Free Day is the14 time to remind city planners and politicians to 15   cycling, walking and public transport. It is up to us, cities and governments to help16   permanent changes to17   pedestrians, cyclists and other people who do not drive cars.
While18 accomplishment has been achieved in terms of media coverage, these events19   to be difficult to achieve real success and even a decade later there is considerable uncertainty about the usefulness of this approach. Broad public support and20   to change is needed for successful implementation (执行).

• A. effective        B. efficient        C. useful        D. alternative
  

• A. legs        B. motors        C. subway        D. feet
  

• A. recall        B. remind        C. realize        D. recommend
  

• A. projects        B. events        C. activities        D. meetings
  

• A. as        B. on        C. with        D. beyond
  

• A. when        B. that        C. where        D. how
  

• A. undertaken        B. submitted        C. developed        D. issued
  

• A. answer        B. call        C. wish        D. longing
  

• A. connect        B. involve        C. consist        D. concern
  

• A. Since        B. Before        C. After        D. Right
  

• A. events        B. affairs        C. incidents        D. accidents
  

• A. even        B. still        C. just        D. ever
  

• A. usual        B. previous        C. ordinary        D. average
  

• A. perfect        B. limited        C. accurate        D. correct
  

• A. give way to        B. give priority to        C. give rise to        D. give in to
  

• A. employ        B. decrease        C. create        D. increase
  

• A. assist        B. benefit        C. instruct        D. influence
  

• A. constant        B. similar        C. envying        D. considerable
  

• A. turn out        B. work out        C. carry out        D. figure out
  

• A. approach        B. attitude        C. chance        D. commitment
  

• D      2. D     3. B     4. A   5. C      6. B     7. D    8. B     9. C      10. A
  

• A    12. C    13. B    14. A    15. B    16. C   17. B    18. D    19. A     20. D
  

【解析】本文为说明文。2018年9月22日将是世界无车日，在这一天，世界各地的人们将被鼓励寻找其他方法来满足他们的交通需求，重新发现公共汽车、自行车和他们自己的脚。文章介绍了世界无车日的来源及发展。

• 考查形容词辨析。A. effective有效的；B. efficient有效率的；C. useful有用的；D. alternative选择性的。句意：2018年9月22日将是世界无车日，在这一天，世界各地的人们将被鼓励寻找其他方法来满足他们的交通需求。故D选项正确。
  

• 考查名词辨析。A. legs腿；B. motors发动机；C. subway地铁；D. feet脚。根据语境，故D选项正确。
  

• 考查动词辨析。A. recall回忆；B. remind提醒；C. realize意识；D. recommend推荐。根据句意，故B选项正确。
  

• 考查名词辨析。A. projects项目；B. events比赛；C. activities活动；D. meetings会议。根据下文it was only in October, 1994___6___a structured call for such projects可知，类似的项目时有发生。故A选项正确。
  

• 考查介词辨析。A. as作为；B. on在……上；C. with随着；D. beyond超过。根据语境，故C选项正确。
  

• 考查连词辨析。A. when当……的时候；B. that引导强调句，无词意；C. where在……哪里；D. how如何。分析句子结构可知，此处为强调句型。故B选项正确。
  

• 考查动词辨析。A. undertaken从事；B. submitted主张；C. developed发展；D. issued发布。根据语境，故D选项正确。
  

• 考查名词辨析。A. answer答案；B. call呼吁；C. wish愿望；D. longing渴望。根据语境，故B选项正确。
  

• 考查动词辨析。A. connect连接；B. involve涉及；C. consist和……一致；D. concern担忧。根据语境，故C选项正确。
  

• 考查介词辨析。A. Since从……开始；B. Before在……之前；C. After在……之后；D. Right正确地。根据语境，故A选项正确。
  

• 考查名词辨析。A. events活动；B. affairs事务；C. incidents事件；D. accidents事故。根据语境，故A选项正确。
  

• 考查副词辨析。A. even甚至；B. still仍然；C. just仅仅；D. ever曾经。句意：然而，我们不希望仅仅是一天的庆祝活动。故C选项正确。
  

• 考查形容词辨析。A. usual通常的；B. previous先前的；C. ordinary普通的；D. average平均的。根据语境，故B选项正确。
  

• 考查形容词辨析。A. perfect完美的；B. limited有限的；C. accurate准确的；D. correct正确的。根据语境，故A选项正确。
  

• 考查动词辨析。A. give way to给……让路；B. give priority to优先考虑；C. give rise to使发生；D. give in to向……让步。根据语境，故B选项正确。
  

• 考查动词辨析。A. employ雇用；B. decrease减少；C. create创造；D. increase增加。根据语境，故C选项正确。
  

• 考查动词辨析。A. assist帮助；B. benefit使……受益；C. instruct指导；D. influence影响。根据语境，故B选项正确。
  

• 考查形容词辨析。A. constant经常的；B. similar相似的；C. envying嫉妒的；D. considerable相当大的，重要的。根据语境，故D选项正确。
  

• 考查动词辨析。A. turn out结果是；B. work out计算出；C. carry out开展；D. figure out理解。句意：事实证明，这些事件很难取得真正的成功，甚至十年后，这种方法的有效性也存在相当大的不确定性。故A选项正确。
  

• 考查名词辨析。A. approach途径；B. attitude态度；C. chance机会；D. commitment承诺。根据语境，故D选项正确。
  

四、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Dragon Boat Festival falls on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month. This festival is a holiday of great   1      (significant) and the one with the     2     (long) history. It is celebrated by boat races in the shape of dragons.     3     is exciting to watch competing teams row their boats forward to a drumbeat, racing to reach the finishing end first.
The boat races during the The Dragon Boat Festival      4    (be) traditional customs to attempt      5     (rescue) the famous poet Qu Yuan drowned on the fifth day of the fifth lunar month in 277BC. Chinese citizens threw bamboo      6     (leaf) filled with cooked rice into the water. Therefore, the fish could eat the rice rather than the hero poet,     7     turned into the customs of eating rice dumplings.
The celebration is also a time for protection from evil and disease for the rest of the year. Children born in this month      8     (say) to be difficult to raise, and people tend to concentrate their effort during this time, to protect their families      9      illness and bad luck. If one manages to stand an egg on its end at exactly 12:00 noon, the      10     (follow) year will be a lucky one.
【解析】本文为一篇说明文。文章讲述了端午节的由来以及端午节的习俗。

• 考查名词。此空是跟在of后作宾语，并且前面有great这个形容词修饰，所以后面需要填名词形式。故填significance。
  

• 考查形容词最高级。句意见上一题。根据常识可知，端午节历史悠久，所以是有着最长历史的节日之一，所以这里应该使用最高级。故填longest。
  

• 考查形式主语。这句话真正的主语是exciting后的不定式，为了避免头重脚轻，所以我们使用it作形式主语。故填It。
  

• 考查时态和主谓一致。在这句话中during the The Dragon Boat Festival是作后置定语修饰主语races，所以谓语应该用复数。“赛龙舟成为端午节的习俗”是客观事实，所以要用一般现在时。故填are。
  

• 考查非谓语动词。句意见上一题。我们用固定搭配“attempt to do sth”表示“企图做某事”，所以这里需要填不定式。故填to rescue。
  

• 考查名词单复数。leaf(叶子)是可数名词，大家把粽子投入江中，可知不止投了一个粽子，所以这里的叶子就需要用复数。故填leaves。
  

• 考查定语从句。此处是非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整句话，做主语，应用which引导。故填which。
  

• 考查时态语态。根据句意可知，这已经是一个长期性的传统的观念了，所以要用一般现在时。主语为children所以谓语要用复数。主语“children”和“say”之间是被动关系，表示“据说”含义，所以这里用are said满足题意。故填are said。
  

• 考查介词。句意见上一题。我们用固定搭配“protect sb. from sth.”来表示“保护某人免受某物”。故填from。
  

• 考查非谓语动词。“follow”与“year”是主动关系，表示接下来的一年，所以用following作定语，表主动。故填following。